ud- The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.

The American Heritage^® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.

Appendix I

Indo-European Roots

ENTRY:	ud-
DEFINITION:	Also d-. Up, out. Derivatives include utmost, carouse, outlaw, but, and hubris. 1a. out; utmost, from Old English t, out; b. carouse; auslander, from Old High German z, out; c. outlaw, from Old Norse t, out; d. uitlander, from Middle Dutch ute, uut, out; e. utter¹, from Middle Low German t, out; f. utter², from Old English tera, outer, from Germanic suffixed (comparative) form t-era-; g. but; about, from Old English btan,* bte, outside (adverb), from Germanic compound bi-tana, “at the outside” (bi-, by, at; see ambhi). a–g all from Germanic t-, out. 2. Extended form uds. a. ersatz, from Old High German irsezzan, to replace, from ir-, out; b. ort, from Middle Dutch oor, out; c. Germanic compound uz-dailjam (see dail-); d. Ursprache, from Old High German ur-,* out of, original. a–d all from Germanic uz, uz-, out. 3. Suffixed (comparative) form ud-tero-. hysteresis, hysteron proteron, from Greek husteros,* later, second, after. 4. hubris, from Greek compound hubris, violence, outrage, insolence (bri-, perhaps “heavy,” “violent”; see g^wer-¹), from hu-. 5. vigorish, from Russian vy-, out. (Pokorny d- 1103.)


The American Heritage^® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.