The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07.
Céspedes, Carlos Manuel de, 1871–1939, president of Cuba
1871–1939, president of Cuba (1933), b. New York City; son of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (1819–74). He actively participated in the Revolution of 1895 and the Spanish-American War. When Gerardo Machado was overthrown in Aug., 1933, Céspedes became provisional president, but was forced to resign after a coup (Sept. 5) by a student junta supporting Ramón Grau San Martín.
