Phi 237 - Practice Exam 3 Fall 2023 McMahan, Dworkin, Veatch, Velleman, Sandel Answers
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Jan 9, 2024
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Actual
Exam #3 Fall 2022 – Death, Organ Transplants,
Disability
McMahan on Death
1P. The criterion of death provides:
a. the meaning of death
b. bedside tests for death
c. the symptoms for death
D
. necessary and sufficient conditions for death
True 2P
. The Dead Donor Rule states that vital organs should not be taken
from the living as that will kill the donor.
False 3P
Assuming that the Dead Donor Rule is kept in place, more viable
organs for transplant will be made available with the whole brain criterion
than the upper brain criterion.
True 4P.
Advocates of
abandoning the Dead Donor Rule do so because they
believe the permanently unconscious were harmed by whatever caused
their mindlessness and so death is not a further harm
False 5P
McMahan believes that the word ‘death’ is univocal.
False 6P
. McMahan believes that Terry Schiavo’s animal (organism) died
with the onset of a persistent vegetative state but her person continued to
live for years
Truth 7P
. The traditional criterion was the circulatory/respiratory criterion
but it has been replaced by the whole brain death criterion in recent
decades.
True 8P.
McMahan believes that Shewmon has shown that the functioning
of the brain is not essential to the life of the human animal.
True 9P
. McMahan believes that rare cases of conjoined twins (e.g.
Hensels) involve two persons who are distinct parts of the same human
animal
10P. McMahan believes that the upper brain transplant thought
experiment indicates that:
a. human organisms and human persons are identical
B
. human persons cannot be identical to human organisms
c. human organisms are parts of human persons
d. human persons can have divided minds.
Veatch and Pitt on Presumed Consent
11P. An “opting out” system like
Presumed Consent:
1
A.
assumes people want to donate their organs unless they take measures
to retain them
b. renders taking one’s organs to the grave the default position
c. introduces a double veto that block organ donation
d. allows doctors to assume that incompetent patients want to
receive
organ
transplants.
12P
.
Veatch and Pitt
compare
presumed consent
to
presumed
treatment
and judge
a. both to be justified
b. both to be unjustified
C.
the former to be objectionable because it violates people’s wishes far
more often than the latter.
d. both to be equally good at minimizing the violations of the bodily integrity
of those who are no longer competent
13P. Veatch and Pitt believe that
Presumed Consent
A
. will too frequently take organs from people who didn’t register their
opposition to donate
b. will increase solidarity because it communicates a moral responsibility to
our fellow citizens
c. will respect autonomy for no one is forced to give up their organs
d. is a better policy than mandated choice.
False 14P
. Veatch and Pitt want to change the current US organ policy
from one of
presumed
consent
to one which people must
opt in
to donate
her organs
True 15P
Veatch and Pitt believe that
opting in
policies will do a better job
than
presumed consent
policies in guaranteeing that organs are only taken
from those who want to donate
True 16P
Defenders of
Presumed Consent
claim that it will more often
respect the wishes of the deceased regarding the fate of their organs than
will an
opting in
policy.
True 17P
. The Double Veto policy would allow the wishes of the deceased
to donate to be overridden by their families’ preferences.
True 18P
.
Presumed Consent
differs in principle from
Routine Salvage
policies
for only the former assumes that the person who didn’t opt out was
in favor of donating organs
2
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