1930s Essay

Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal wouldn’t of even been made if it weren’t for the Great Depression. The Great Depression started on October 24, 1929. Stock prices were plummeting rapidly by the minute. This all resulted in the stock market crashing leaving millions of American citizens unemployed (about 25%)(Source A). Banks, factories, mines, steels, and mills were all closing. Families were left homeless and starving on the street. 600 banks were closed and over 34 million had no source of income(Source C). Lots of homeless people were living in Hoovervilles, deprived towns made of cardboard, metal, and scraps(Source C). In 1933, when Franklin Roosevelt became president, his goal was to return the United State’s stock market back to normal. His plan was the New Deal. In this idea the government would create and test many

Roosevelt (FDR) president elect of 1932, in the rise of the American despair with the increasing effects to the great depression, brought new hope with a charismatic tone. The people needed to have a morale boost and Roosevelt rose to the occasion stating, "The people of the United States have not failed. In their need they have registered a mandate that they want direct, vigorous action. They have asked for discipline and direction under leadership. They have made me the present instrument of their wishes. In the spirit of the gift I take it." (American Experience: TV's most-watched history series, 2013) FDR instituted many government programs from 1933 to 1939 starting what is known as the “New Deal” of laws and executive orders to help restore the American economy. These series of enactments was for the restoration for the poor and unemployed called the three R’s “relief, recovery, reform a measure to prevent reoccurrence of the great depression,” “a relief by the government for the people, a restoration of faith and leaning on the government,” (Hallock, 2013) not exactly in line with democracy. The New Deal brought increase of governmental control a setting not appreciated by most business owners, but never the less needed. In 1935 “Social Security for the elderly was established, involuntary unemployment compensation and the Wagner Act to ensure “fair” labor contracts through unions with negotiations between employers and employees.” (Smiley, 2008) There

"Prosperity is just around the corner,” President Herbert Hoover announces, as the country fell into the Great Depression of the 1930s. Unable to recognize citizens, Hoover was kicked out of office and Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected as president, which resulted the start of great social upheaval through the presentation of the New Deal. The New Deal ran from 1933 to 1937 under two stages. First, he set about offering relief to its people, then after 1935, he set profound agendas for social reform, which was specifically a socio-economic reform agenda that was made up of a host of legislative initiatives and government programs, launched by President Roosevelt supported by Congress in response to Great Depression. The New Deal composed of the three R 's: relief for those Americans unemployed, recovery towards the economy allowing businesses to operate again, and reform economy in preventing replicating situations. President Roosevelt’s New Deal was guided by four principles, set of ideas and beliefs that formed the New Deal Agenda, which were to balance production and consumption, reform capitalism, to alleviate the inequalities of wealth, and to counterbalance the power of big corporation with government programs and public interest. The New Deal is significant because programs and initiatives were created in providing channels for the working people to gain more access to work. In order to transform society, the New Deal constructed a sense of economic prosperity

Roosevelt was the president at the time of the New Deal, and he is mostly associated with championing it, everything in the New Deal was not Roosevelt’s ideas. The New Deal included many different domestic programs put forth by both Congress and Franklin D. Roosevelt. Even though they were all put forward by different members of the government, all of the programs revolved around one main idea which “is Relief for the unemployed and poor; Recovery of the economy to normal levels; and Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.”[1]. These ideas are a reflection of the larger problems with the New Deal, which was the majority view of how to handle recovering from the Great Depression. The liberal view of the New Deal, which was also the most popular perspective at the time, was that too recover from this depression, the government needed to reinvest in getting people back into work, while taxing the rich and taking away benefits from business owners and large business in the United

The economic crisis that showed all the contradictions of capitalism led to an increase of a deep political crisis in the USA in late 1920?s. October 29, 1929 is known in the American history as the Black Tuesday. It was the date, when the American stock market collapsed. In such economically difficult situation, in November 1932, a regular presidential election took place. The Democrat Franklin Roosevelt, who spoke with the program the New Deal, came to presidency. It was a series of social liberal programs applied in the United States in 1933-1938 in response to the Great Depression. The New Deal was focused on three main principles: relief, recovery, and reform.[footnoteRef:1] They promised to bring the country to prosperity and economically stable future. However, the Conservatives criticized the New Deal during the whole period of the reforms. It was expressed by Herbert Hoover in Anti-New Deal Campaign Speech in 1936 and Minnie Hardin in 1937 in a Letter to Eleanor Roosevelt. [1: (notes)]

The 1930’s was an extremely difficult time for the United States. Our country was suffering from the giant economic collapse that was experienced in October 1929. This catastrophic event marked the beginning of the Great Depression. During the height of the Great Depression, President Theodore Roosevelt was elected. On March 4, 1933 he gave his inaugural address and made it clear that his main mission was to reverse this chaos that had ensued upon the nation. Roosevelt had promised to help solve the country’s problems and his promises were soon labeled “The New Deal”. This deal was actually a series of bills and reforms to help pull our nation out of the slump that it was in. This was the first time that the American government used

In the 1930’s America faced a time of economical crisis that will become known as the Great Depression. It started with the stock market crash in 1929. Some stocks were being traded at 50 times their actual worth and it lost 12 times the money that the federal government uses in a year (Source A). 80% of American families had no money is savings and were unable to support their families (Source A). Banks became unstable and in the last 60 days of 1930, 600 banks closed and by 1933, 28 states had no banks. (Source A). By 1932 12 million people were unemployed and 34 million had no source of income (Source A.) During this time President Herbert Hoover was in office and he believed in having a small federal government and that in time the economy would eventually fix itself. Hoover planned to give money to the big businesses so they would hire people and give them a source of income so they could buy good and give the businesses money and the cycle would continue (Source B). The public became outraged at the plan and in 1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt replaced him as President. Roosevelt came up with a plan called “The New Deal” to fix the Great Depression and it would provide many Americans with jobs and give help to many

After a time of malnutrition, high unemployment rates, homelessness, economic instability, and a president too cold and stubborn for his people, the citizens of America desperately looked for a sign of hope. The ultimate end to the Great Depression was undoubtedly World War II. However, it was FDR’s New Deal that shed the light of hope on America’s citizens. The programs of the New Deal transformed the role of the government by the implication of numerous laws in order to stop the economy from getting any worse. The New Deal came with three new main themes: relief, recovery and reform. Roosevelt himself acknowledges the importance of them in his Address in 1934, “In the consistent development of our previous efforts toward the saving and safeguarding of our national life, I have continued to recognize three related steps. The first was relief…”(Doc 3). Relief being an immediate response in order to stop the problem from getting worse. Recovery was to bring the situation back to normalcy and Reform was to put things in place to make sure the problem never arises again. These new ideas transformed the role of the government and its impact on American citizens. Before the New Deal, the government had essentially no influence on the economy or providing for the people.

Although the New Deal seemed to work out pretty well concerning the financial well being of most Americans, by 1935, lots of people with a high political status seemed to think it wasn’t working as well as it could have. Things began to go downhill in May of 1935, when the Supreme Court took down the National Industrial Recovery Act, which was a law that authorized the President to manage industry to raise prices to keep the country from slipping into another great depression. This law  was a key component of the New Deal. Instead of surrendering, Roosevelt decided to enact a Second New Deal, that proposed several new concepts like the Social Security Act that equipped the elderly and the unemployed with some advantages and money. Another concept

President Roosevelt and his talented administration were able to respond to the problems America faced during the Great Depression and created a policy known as the New Deal. The New Deal was a group of federal programs that was aimed to reform and restore, not nationalize the economy. The policies brought effective changes both economically and socially.

Farmers didn’t have the money to harvest their crops” (Moore) (Farmers were also already low income due to the drought that began around 1920) and were forced to leave them rotting as millions of other people starved elsewhere. Meanwhile the country's industrial production had dropped by half, the rate of homeless people went up. Then the “New Deal” followed by the improved “Second New Deal” came in. “The New Deal was a series of domestic programs in the united States between 1933 and 1938.. These programs were in response to the Great Depression” (Wikipedia.com) The programs focused on the 3 R’s those being “relief, recovery, and reform.. Relief is for the unemployment and poor, recovery of the economy to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat of the depression.” (Wikipedia.com) These programs affected the economy by boosting its system and causing more jobs to open this “increased consumer spending, which starting in the beginning of spring 1933”.

The New Deal Policies were created to give relief to the needy amid The Great Depression. Going in to presidency Franklin Roosevelt had no specific plan and had a “trial and error approach” to it. Although, after a hundred days in office Franklin Roosevelt constructed a three-pronged strategy; the relief program, recovery program, and the reform program. He intended to give relief to those who were in need. His strategies gave immediate jobs and also money to people who worked for certain “organizations”. In one policy money was given directly to states and cities, so they could work though and give to those who needed it the most. In the long run they helped the states start to get out of the Great Depression, but the economy was still struggling.

Roosevelt categorizes the new deal by the three R’s. First is the relief program which gave help to the poor in need. Second were the Recovery programs that were intended to fix the economy and put citizens back to work. Lastly were the reform programs that were designed to regulate the economy in the future.

There were many forces that caused Roosevelt to launch his “Second New Deal” in the spring of 1935. The leading contributing factors were the growing political pressures within the country and the continuing economic crisis. Roosevelt decided to alter his policy for various reasons by adapting and taking into consideration the complaints of the critics. The president quickly realized that the citizens still needed more federal assistance than they had been given. Although these new proposals put forth a major shift compared to the New Deal policy, Roosevelt knew that by answering the demands of the critics he would be able to hold his political standing in the future. The president was now willing to talk about corporate interests openly unlike

The New Deal was a proposed proposition that Frederick D. Roosevelt in 1932 had in mind upon his election for president. Roosevelt was the only one who took the initiative and action in his New Deal since Herbert Hoover, who Roosevelt succeeded, did not do anything to provide relief for the American people. This New Deal was created in relief to the United States economic crisis of the Great Depression that went on for 10 years and the number of individuals unemployed was very high as many companies claimed bankruptcy. Roosevelt thought the New Deal could aid in its recovery and thought he could restore America. The New Deal included implementing changes of every sort within the government as Schaller, Michael et al. mentions, “Determined to safeguard democracy and capitalism, he drastically expanded the power of the federal government, especially its ability to regulate banking, Wall Street, and agriculture and to assist the unemployed” (Schaller, Michael et al. 790). As such, the New Deal could be seen as being a success when it came to bringing economic relief through its many programs as those programs are still in place in the present day. Such programs in the New Deal promoted the growth of the economy and benefits for workers. Programs such as the Emergency Banking Act, The NRA, The New Deal and Housing, CIO Union, Social Security Act, and the Agricultural Adjustment Act, among others. Even though, some of Roosevelt’s efforts in the New Deal were criticized “On June