A Brief Note On Robert Moses, Richard Ravitch And Othmar Hermann Ammann

For thousands of years, the Aqueducts of Rome have inspired and changed the ways we look at water supply and usage today. The Romans used their engineering and building skills to improve the standard of life of the people of Rome, “Revolutionising” water collection and usage. By investigating the aqueducts of Rome and presenting evidence and information about how and why they were built, this report will question whether aqueducts were better built than today’s bridges.

In the midst of corruption sits a Great Bridge towering over the landscape as millions of people commute over it, clueless of how deep the crime beneath it runs. In the midst of immigrants sits a bridge that connects one economic powerhouse to another with the ideas and dreams of a German-born immigrant that never got to see his dream completed. In the midst of the mighty East River stands the East River Bridge as a towering monument of mans' ability to make even nature bend toward its iron-like will. In the midst of all this stands the Brooklyn Bridge in all of its glory as the pinnacle of industrial and engineering mastery of that time period and as a testament to the lives of the people that lived through a time of intense corruption, new

Mike Parker is the US Infrastructure Advisory Leader of Ernst & Young Infrastructure Advisors, LLC, an affiliate of Ernst & Young LLP. Based in Philadelphia, he advises on finance, procurement, business strategy and public-private partnerships (PPP) for large-scale infrastructure projects and programs. Selected as one of Mass Transit magazine’s “40 Under 40,” Mike has taught workshops, written articles and served as a speaker at numerous transportation, infrastructure and financial forums.

Robert Parris Moses is a civil rights activist . He was born January 23 ,1935 in Harlem, New York.By friends he is called Bob Moses .He fought for freedom many times during the 20th century. In 1952, he graduated from Stuyvesant High School. In 1956, he received his B.A .from Hamilton college, and his M.A. in philosophy."During the late 1950s Moses became increasingly interested in the civil rights struggle. In 1959 he helped Bayard Rustin with the second Youth March for Integrated Schools in Washington, D.C .In 1961 Moses faced nearly relentless violence and official intimidation, and was beaten and arrested in Amite County. He was the first African American to challenge white violence, and filed assault charges against his attacker.

“Infrastructure is the four-syllable jawbreaker that governments use to describe the concrete, stone, steel, wires and wood that Americans rely on every day but barely notice until something goes awry (Kelderman).” Due to the state of the economy many lawmakers put the money need to keep infrastructure properly taken care of into things like defense. The federal Clean Water State Revolving Fund, which makes low interest loans to clean up or protect water supplies, has shrunk from more than $3 billion in 1990 to roughly $1 billion in 2007 (Kelderman). The report also suggests that there is an $11 billion dollar shortfall annually needed to bring facilities up to current federal water regulations. As stated in the article “ The State of the Union-Crumbling’, the nation is spending less than 40 percent of the $225 billion needed annually for the next 50 years to maintain the current system of roads, rails and bridges and build enough transportation capacity for a growing population.

Richard Seaver and Ira C.Herbert, are both introducing their argument, Herbert tries to make a stable argument and the use of ¨its the real thing¨ by the book and by the Coca Cola company. Seaver uses sarcasm such as ¨I fully understand that the public might be confused ...mistake a book …with a six pack of Coca Cola¨ (para 1). Seaver says this, not to be serious but to make Herbert and his argument be invalid. The importance of this is to invalidate Herbert, and his argument, uses the play on words to make his future argument seem greater as his opponent is put down. Herbert originally writing says ¨we are writing to ask you to stop using this theme or slogan in connection with the book¨ (Herbert 6-7). This is his original statement of not

During the 1900’s the city of Los Angeles and its surroundings were growing at a fast rate. As an effect, the demand for basic needs developed day by day; more specifically, water demand. The just appointed Los Angeles Bureau of Water Works and Supply, Fred Eaton suggested to build a new aqueduct from Owens Valley to 250 miles south that could store water supply for at least two years. His first step was to hire self-taught engineer, William Mullholland, who seemed to had knowledge about the un-researched area where the aqueduct would be built. After analyzing different options, Mulholland decided to build the dam in San Francisquito. However, Mulholland’s lack of education seemed to worry expert engineers. Therefore, a board named “Aqueduct

Since the beginning of the United States the American people have been on the move. Public transportation has played a major role in the development of this nation and in bringing its citizens together. In the book “Divided Highways”, author Tom Lewis takes the reader on a journey of the building of the Interstates and the consequences(good and bad) that came from them. Lewis believes that the Interstates are a physical characteristic of America and that it shows “all our glory and our meanness; all our vision and our shortsightedness”(xiv).

After 12 years of construction, including seven years of delay, the same place has been brought back to life as world’s costliest railway station is set to open its doors to the residents of New York City today. Christened as the World Trade Centre Transportation Hub, it will connect the PATH commuter rail to New Jersey with New York subway lines. Besides, the centre will also provide pedestrian access to the new Trade Centre

The background of this case study is that in 1889 the city of Johnstown, Pennsylvania the South Fork dam north of the town was not inspected or maintained regularly. therefore, the infrastructure

America made a multibillion dollar investment when the Federal Highway Act of 1956 was signed into law by Dwight Eisenhower. This was a milestone for America, connecting the nation like it had never been before. Since this time, however, the United States has done very little in terms of infrastructure investment. Currently, the American Society of Civil Engineers ranks America’s infrastructure as a D + (2013). American no longer leads the world in the best roads, airports, rail, or bridges. This is a serious problem that will lead to security, environmental, economic, and political issues if not addressed fully and swiftly. America needs to act promptly to revive the nation’s infrastructure system before additional nations surpass the US while the cost becomes too big to bear.

The first infrastructure project should not include freeways or anything else that would geographically section off the colony and create social divides and hierarchies. In my native Oakland, post World War II, the local government created a freeway to connect Oakland

America has 5,540 deficient bridges alone, according to the American Society of Civil Engineers’ Infrastructure Report Card. Every four years, ASCE provides America with an assessment including recommendations, condition, and needs for the nation’s infrastructure. In a basic A-F format, the Report Card is graded in eight main categories: capacity, condition, funding, future need, operation and maintenance, public safety, resilience, and innovation. This report card, since 1998, has given the nation a steady D, only rising to a D+ in the 2013 report. The Report states that there is a need of 3.6 trillion dollars in investments by 2020 to raise the grade up to a B. Funding America’s infrastructure is of major controversy and debate. Starting

The development of transportation system in the United States is a mandate of the federal government as delineated by the Constitution. The US has enjoyed a legacy in development and exploration of transport system channels. As a result, this has enhanced movement of people and goods across the nation. Presently, the US has an advanced network of paved highways and the world’s most sophisticated commercial aviation architecture. However, triumph of the transportation system in the US can be considered as a blessing and a curse in terms of its ability to increase and reduce urban congestion. Recently, the stimulus plan was proposed with the aim of reducing urban congestion. Notably, there are people who support while others do not. An analysis of high-speed rail operations will help decision makers understand that high-speed rail will not work.

The Central Artery/Tunnel Project, also known as the Big Dig, is one of the most expensive, technically challenging, and largest public projects in American history. The Big Dig was a super-project that was created to reroute the “Central Artery of Interstate 93, the main roadway through the core of the city, into the 1.5 mile Thomas P. O’Neill Jr. Tunnel.” The construction of the Big Dig “untangled the co-mingled” traffic in Boston, Massachusetts and resulted in a 62% decrease in vehicle hours of travel and reduced the afternoon peak hour by a massive 85.6%.