Kasey Lewis
Current Controversies Final Paper
Abortion, Interest Groups and Policy Development
I. INTRODUCTION In contemporary America it can be argued that nothing is more contentious and controversial of an issue than abortion. From the vehement pro-life movement to the impassioned pro-choice coalition, this policy issue is one that has become increasingly important in our society. This debate has raised important questions regarding the value of human life, at what stage of development does a fetus have it’s constitutionally ensured rights take hold over that of the mother and at what stage can a state start regulating abortions. Interest groups have become integral in the development of policies that give women the right to have an abortion and some that restrict access to the procedure. Legislators on both the federal and state level have been struggling for power over this issue and have been fighting over who has jurisdiction over this area of public policy. The Supreme Court has ruled in favor of abortion access while state governments have attempted to mandate transvaginal ultrasounds and place safety restrictions that cause clinics to close and the debate has raised questions about the moral foundations of America and it’s citizens. Behind the scenes of all of this chaos none of these entities are fully in control because interest groups are motivating them to behave in ways they may not even realize. The abortion debate has gone so much further than just
Before women had rights to decide whether they could keep their baby, some states didn’t allow abortion, therefore requiring women to give birth to their child. In today’s current issues, abortion is still a controversial subject with millions of people supporting it or not supporting it. Every woman has the right to make changes to her own physical body, and those rights should not be taken away, according to the constitution. In the very famous case in 1973, “Roe v. Wade”, the United States Supreme Court legalized abortion throughout the first trimester of pregnancy. In the article, “Roe’s Pro-Life Legacy”, it is explained how after this movement, the right to abortion, lives have changed and led to lower abortion rates (Sheilds 2013.)
One of the first moral issues addressed by both sides of the abortion debate concerns a pregnant woman’s so-called natural “right” to make “reproductive choices.” (“The Rights of Pregnant Women”) Anti-abortion advocacy groups claim that “the only way to actually protect the mother’s rights will be by enforcing laws that secure her child’s right to life,” (“Argument 2”) whereas pro-abortion groups contend that these laws “create a dangerous precedent for wide-ranging government intrusion into the lives of all women.” (“The Rights”) With two fundamentally contrasting viewpoints at odds with each other, it is apparent that one of the core issues concurrent with abortion is a woman’s rights versus the rights of her unborn fetus.
In her essay “Abortion, Intimacy, and the Duty to Gestate,” Margaret Olivia Little examines whether it should be permissible for the state to force the intimacy of gestation on a woman against her consent. Little concludes that “mandating gestation against a woman’s consent is itself a harm - a liberty harm” (p. 303). She reaches this conclusion after examining the deficiencies in the current methods used to examine and evaluate the issues of abortion. Their focus on the definition of a “person” and the point in time when the fetus becomes a distinct person entitled to the benefits and protections of the law fails to capture “the subtleties and ambivalences that suffuse the issue” (p. 295). Public debate on the right to life and the right
The issue of abortion is one of the most controversial topics of our time, but recently the amount of public interest has grown exponentially. A number of bills regarding this policy issue such as Defund Planned Parenthood Act of 2015 and Child Interstate Notification Act have both greatly influenced the public’s opinion of abortion. Although, the issue of abortion hasn’t always been like this; according to Timeline of Abortion Laws and Events, an article from the Chicago Tribune, “The earliest anti-abortion laws were intended to protect women from untrained abortionists.” (Timeline) Since the 1973 passing of the Supreme Court Case, Roe V Wade, women have been able to obtain the abortion procedure in all 50 states, 46 of which were
Since Roe v Wade, there have been major advancements in the maternal-fetal world of medicine. Advanced technology and science have shown us that there is “life” to a fetus before the last trimester, leading to many regulations and laws to prohibit abortion for the life the fetus. Discussed in this paper are the policies, court cases, and executive decisions affecting legal abortion in the US and the ethical implications that debate them.
The decision in Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court case that legalized abortion in the United States, had a very evident and profound impact on the social and political climates of the United States. Before the case, it had seemed that abortion was a settled issue in America: a majority of people opposed the practice, and a majority of states had abortion bans. However, by the 1960’s, political factions and campaigns were rising up and stirring the waters of reproductive rights. Abortion had changed during the courses of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, morphing from a private practice of the people into a great political divide. Abortion was actually easily accessible during the Nineteenth Century, but the rise of religious fundamentalism compelled citizens to become involved in either the protection of the fetus or the defense of reproductive rights. Roe v. Wade has been either labeled as the legal settling of the abortion issue or the igniter of change in regards to abortion. The decision not only affected the minds of the people, but the decision had also set a legal precedent that affected more than thirty Supreme Court cases that later dealt with abortion (Planned Parenthood).
Most recently the “no taxpayer funding for abortion act”, has abortion advocates reeling (Maguire, A-14). Even though, abortion has been legal in every state in the United States since the monumental Supreme Court decision, “Roe v Wade”, on January 22, 1973, there are fewer physicians willing to perform abortions today than in 2008 (Kraft, 09). At the heart of the ethical dilemma for many in the medical profession is the viability of the fetus (USA TODAY). And just to make this whole dilemma more confusing, according to the United States Government, “The child in utero, at any stage of development in the womb”, is protected by the Unborn Victims Violence Act of 2004 (Unborn Victims of Violence Act, A-1). Medical professionals have the
Abortion has been a highly debated topic in the United States for many years. Contrary to the belief of some people, life begins at conception when a sperm fertilizes an egg according to Princeton University’s Margerie England. If life begins at conception, abortion should be considered murder. How can society permit the taking of a precious human life without consequences? An astonishing 1.06 million babies were killed in the United States alone in 2011. This major issue must be talked about no matter how uncomfortable it may be. Nearly every American will be affected, almost always negatively, by abortion sometime in their life. Abortion should be illegal and the Roe v. Wade court case should be overturned.
The United States has been divided now over the issue of abortion for thirty-three years since the Supreme Court’s ruling in Roe v. Wade in 1973. As of today, over 45 million legal abortions have been performed in the United States. Pro-choice advocates hold these 45 million abortions as being 45 million times women have exercised their right to choose to get pregnant and to choose to control their own bodies. To pro-life, or anti-abortion, advocates these 45 million abortions constitute 45 million murders, a genocide of human life in the United States propagated by the court’s ruling in Roe v. Wade. The debate over abortion in the United States is thus a debate of two extremes. One side argues from the personal liberty of the mother. The
Abortion has been a controversial topic regarding the political, religious, spiritual, and economical views of many Americans throughout history. Understanding the difference between pursuing abortion or rejecting it at the end is an individuals option. Abortion refers to the voluntary termination of a pregnancy, resulting in the death of the fetus or embryo.(CITE) Therefore, throughout the entire life journey of Congress and legal rights, there has been a drift of thoughts towards abortion. It can be represented both parties that advocate for “pro-choice” or “pro-life” and there can be two sides presented with both arguments. After many debates and thoughts on this legal topic, one must consider if it fair and valid to legalize abortion
The right of a women to control her reproductive decision is highly debated in the US because of the idea that abortions, to some people, are considered murder. A woman’s ability to make reproductive choices is a fundamental right protected by the
Abortion is one of the most controversial topics that has divided America due to its fundamental and morals beliefs. Democrats argue that a woman should have the right to make their own health decisions, while republicans pro-life’s point of view is that abortion is giving someone the right to kill a human being. Pro-life individuals stress that psychological and medical risks will develop after an abortion such as troubled relationships, suicide, risk of PID, pelvic infection deceased and infertility. Our current presidential abortion debate also argues the amount of funds given by the government to planned parenthood estimates to 528.4 million dollars last year alone. One of the major issues that pro-life individuals have argue on the anti abortion debate is that planned parenthood has been accused of illegally selling fetal tissues and organs, it also exposed abortion clinics as horrific and unhealthy abortion practices. The question is should
The issue of abortion is notoriously controversial. Since the Supreme Court’s 1992 ruling in Casey v. Planned Parenthood, states have enacted different restrictions on the procedure. These restrictions vary from state to state. Nineteen states currently have laws prohibiting partial-birth abortion, and forty-one states strictly prohibit abortions except in cases of life-endangerment. One particularly incendiary area of abortion law is that of public funding. However, as of this year there are only seventeen states that cover abortion procedures through public funding. In this paper we will discuss federal abortion legislation, while describing the laws and political ideologies of the following states: Texas, California, New
The abortion controversy in America is of broad and current interest as a result of the newly sworn in President, Donald Trump. American’s emotions are stirring due to the the United States republican-dominated Congress quickly fabricating bills opposing abortion for Donald Trump to swiftly approve. Following Donald Trump’s inauguration, millions of Americans bound together for the Women’s March. Protesters stormed the streets to revolt against the inevitable injustices inflicted upon women’s reproductive rights. Historically abortion has been an ongoing debate since 1821, when the first recorded law pertaining abortion was ratified. The United States government continues to maintain an influence on women’s reproductive rights
Of all the legal, ethical, and moral issues we Americans continuously fight for or against, abortion may very well be the issue that Americans are most passionate about. The abortion issue is in the forefront of political races. Most recently the “no taxpayer funding for abortion act”, has abortion advocates reeling. Even though abortion has been legal in every state in the United States since the monumental Supreme Court decision, “Roe v Wade”, on January 22, 1973; there are fewer physicians willing to perform abortions today than in 2008. (Kraft) At the heart of the ethical dilemma for many in the medical profession is the viability of the fetus. And just to make this whole dilemma more confusing, according to the United States