Aging In Health And Social Care Essay

     More than one celled organisms grow by way of mitosis and the cytoplasmic division of body cells. On the other hand, meiosis occurs only in germ cells, which are put aside for the formation of gametes (sperm and egg). Reproduction by meiosis allows for species survival and it increases genetic variability.

The body has about a million or more cells. Cells are really small smaller than fleas. You can not see them anywhere only with a microscope. Cells are the building blocks of life. Different kind of cells come together to form the tissues and organs of the body.

The human body is made of 37.2 trillion cells or more. Cells are very hard to see you can’t see them with your eyes you can only see them under a microscope. There are many different types of cells there is Erythrocyte (red blood cell), Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor), Monocyte (white blood cell ), Connective tissue macrophage (various types), Epidermal Langerhans cell Osteoclast (in bone), Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues), Microglial cell (in central nervous system).

Mitosis cells reproduce to increase growth, repair or asexual reproduction without Mitosis living things would be unable to grow or heal if wounded. Diagram 6 demonstrates the key process of Mitosis that occurs in organisms apart from viruses and reproduction occurs when new cells are needed. The cells also copy's its chromosomes splitting them ensuring that each cell have a full set.

Cells separate and replicate in two ways: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is a procedure of cell division that

Cells in organisms, such as humans, plants, and fungi, have different functions based upon their location within the being. For example, blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body, and are created within the bone marrow. This allows oxygen to reach areas of the body where it's necessary, keeping us going.

Mitosis and meiosis are both types of cell divisions that have various similarities and differences. They comparably associate with cytokinesis and form daughter cells however, meiosis occurs in primordial diploid cells in animals, plants and fungi, whilst mitosis takes place in somatic cells in every organism (Vidyasagar. A, 2015). Meiosis differs from mitosis as it undergoes a process known as DNA recombination, during which genetic material interchange with chromosomes or various regions of the same chromosome. DNA recombination is a common source of genetic variation. Mitosis is the continuous process by which the body creates new cells to repair damaged or aging membranes, fibers and tissues (Clare O'Connor, 2008). The end result of mitosis are two genetically identical diploid daughter cells, which develop from the single parent cell dividing. Conversely, the meiosis cell divides into four haploid gametes each possessing half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell (Alberts. B, 2010).

Mitosis is an important process that it is responsible for mostly everything that goes on in your body. It allows one cell with 46 chromosomes to split into two that are genetically identical. The nucleus is in the center of the cell in which all DNA is stored. So in reality you don't need to duplicate the entire cell, only the DNA. In addition, mitosis takes place in stages called prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Before mitosis all cells are in interphase where they grow and work to become useful. During interphase, there is loose DNA inside the cell that is called chromatin. Then the centrosome replicates next to the nucleus. Afterword, the DNA begins to replicate itself to have two copies of every DNA strand. In the next phase called prophase, the chromosomes begin to condense and the mitotic spindle forms. Next, comes the longest phase of mitosis, metaphase, in which the nuclear envelope breaks apart, and the cells use motor proteins to allow the

Mitosis is when the cell divides in order to replicate itself. The product at the end of this stage is two daughter cells that are both genetically identical to the parent cell. Mitosis is also used for the growth and repair within an organism.

Eukaryotes undergo asexual cellular reproduction to grow in size or replace damaged tissues. The first process in the cell's life cycle is mitosis. When the chromosomes in the nucleus are duplicated, it creates two identical sister cells from the one progenitor cell. Mitosis is broken down into four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. DNA duplication occurs during a stage called interphase. Once completing the exact duplication of the cell, it is followed by cytokinesis, when the cytoplasm of the parent cell divides into two daughter cells. In plant cells, a cell plate forms between each new cell.

Mitosis is a process in the cell cycle in which the chromosomes in the cell are separated into two identical sets. Both of these sets have their own nucleus (Mitosis, 2013). Mitosis is followed immediately by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles, and the cell membrane, and later karyokinesis, which divides the nucleus, dividing the cell into two new cells (Mitosis, 2013). Mitosis and cytokinesis both are part of the miotic part of the cell cycle, which is the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell (Mitosis, 2013). Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells (Mitosis, 2013).

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an extensive molecule that contains genetic material that makes up almost all living organisms including plants, animals, and even some viruses. This genetic material or genetic code in DNA is composed of biological instructions that are responsible for the development, survival, and reproduction of organisms. Information stored in DNA is made of four chemical bases or building blocks, adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) which come together to form pairs in molecules: Adenine to Thymine, and Cytosine to Guanine. Humans have billions of these base pairs within their bodies. These pairs separate to form into paired packages that resemble X’s called chromosomes that are made of structure of nucleic acids and protein stored in the nucleus of cells (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2015). The DNA in cells contains structural proteins (responsible for the structure, function, and regulation of the body 's tissues and organs) and endoenzyme or intracellular enzymes (that control cytoplmic and nuclear activities) called genes. Genes operate as a list of instructions for molecules and are in control of the promotion of reproduction within the cell. All organisms are different from one another and have a unique combination of traits. However, many organisms share similarities, like when a child (offspring) has similar features or characteristics, like height or having brown hair like their parents. This is because hereditary

Both types of cell division first go through interphase which has three stages. The cell grows in the G1 stage. It copies all of its chromosomes during the S phase, the two copies of the chromosomes are held together by the centromere resulting in an X shape. The last stage is preparing for division which is called G2 phase. After this is starts to divide in either mitosis or meiosis.

The Word cell comes from latin cella, meaning small room. The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living things. They are the smallest unit of life that can be reproduce independently. The material dedicated to study the characteristics and functions of cells is called cell biology. There is a statement which says that from one cell the many, from many cells the individual. In this essay we will mention some characteristics of the cells, and the concepts of mitosis and meiosis will be explained.

Beginning with a cell, which is the smallest structure known to man, cells are able to grow and reproduce. Cells reproduce by splitting and passing on their genes to daughter cells. The nucleus always divides before the rest of the cell divides. Therefore, each daughter cell contains their own nucleus. The nucleus controls the cell 's activities through the genetic material DNA. The cells in a body are all the same except the gametes they were all made from one cell, the zygote. The cells are needed in order for cellular reproduction to occur. (“Cell” 1:1)