Since electricity demand and the regressors are in logarithms, the demand elasticities are directly derived from the coefficients. Monthly binary dummy covers from January to November and does not include dummy for December to avoid dummy variable trap. Severe multicollinearity between price variables of on-peak, mid-peak and off peak limited the estimation of cross price elasticity. We assume that individual error components are uncorrelated with each other. With regards to choice of econometric technique, we used Cochrane-Orcutt estimation to adjust serial correlation in error terms. Due to the same explanatory variables appear in the log-log equations, which is in fact OLS is equivalent to seemingly unrelated regression, it is not …show more content…
Multicollinearity occurs when two or more predictors in the model are correlated and provide redundant information about the response. That is, a multiple regression model with correlated predictors can indicate how well the entire bundle of predictors predicts the outcome variable, but it may not give valid results about any individual predictor, or about which predictors are redundant with respect to others. Consequences of high multicollinearity is that increase in standard error of estimates of the b’s so that decrease in reliability (Farrar and Glauber 1967). In case of perfect multicollinearity the predictor matrix is singular and therefore cannot be inverted. Under these circumstances, the ordinary least-squares estimator b '=(X 'X)-1X 'y does not exist. To detect multicollinearity, we calculate the variance inflation factors for each predictors in RHS (Mansfield and Helms 1982). The VIF (variance inflation factors) for each predictor xj is: VIFj = 1/( 1−R2j). R2j is the coefficient of determination of the model that includes all predictors except the jth predictor. The models for the VIF test are: VIF for ln Pon: ln Ponm = ln I + b2 ln Pmidm + b3 ln Poffm + b4 ln GPPt + cmDm + uont VIF for ln Pmid: ln Pmidm = ln I + b2 ln Ponm + b3 ln Poffm + b4 ln GPPt +
l19 – 18.33l = .67, l17 – 18.33l = 1.33, l19 – 18.33l = .67,
* Correlation coefficient (R-squared) – This represents how well the independent variables (X) explain the response variable (Y).
448). Second, the authors (2004) utilize “HLM 5 software to perform 2-level multivariate analyses of program effects” (p. 448). For each outcome variables, there are two major corresponding equations:
Indexi = 0.053 - 0.095 Fi + 0.020 PHDi + 0.007 FPHDi + 0.0015 TENi
As a Data Analyst, I am responsible for assisting in projections and forecasting of enrollment as well as institutional research projects. This includes use of Excel and R to run statistical analyses in answering enrollment and research questions. Key to projecting enrollment is a file we use called the “Decision Model” We track various aspects of enrollment to help predict future enrollment. For example, we track the amount of third semester pathway students since they will likely be matriculating into the Online Degree Program. We also track the percentage of third semester students who have historically matriculated. This way we can apply the same percentage to the current rate of third semester Pathway students to estimate new online students. This same principle is applied all throughout the decision model, enrollment is broken out into categories of different students and indicators that can help predict that category.
The inappropriate relationships between correctional officers and offenders has garnered a lot of attention as of late. As when news media focuses and depicts some police officers negatively, correctional officers are apt to face similar treatment from the press when a mistake is made. Recently, what gains attention, and is the most apt to be sensationalized, are inappropriate relationships with offenders especially of a sexual nature. Nevertheless, sensationalized or not, at times some of the attention is arguably well deserved. In 2013, CBS and many other news outlets and media reported on four female correctional officers that were impregnated by the same inmate. The resulting investigation opened a Hoover Dam of compromised officers.
The way I found this equation was by simply looking to find any ways there could
Complex numbers should be in the form (a + bi) where "a" and "b" need to have explicitly stated values.
Freezing Pt Depression Lab Purpose- To predict compare the actual and theoretical van’t Hoff Factors for three compounds via freezing point depression Day 1 Procedure Fill a beaker ¾ full with ice from the freezer and add ¼ to ½ inch of table salt. Stir until mixed and check that the temperature is ~≤ -8 ºC. Fill a test tube ½ full with tap water Put the temp probe in the test tube and immerse the test tube in the ice-salt bath. Stir the water in the test tube gently with a thermometer while keeping track of the temperature.
The regression analysis was initially run using all variables to determine the significance of each when associated
1 21.3 ± 2.5 20.9 ± 2.6 20.4 ± 2.3 20.5 ± 1.2 22.5 ± 3.9 21.8 ± 3.9 21.2 ± 2.1 23.4 ± 3.2 26.1 ± 4.5* 25.1 ± 4.6* 25.1 ± 3.7* 25.1 ± 3.5*
Equation 7 is equation 6 rearranged to solve for the missing variable Vi. From equations 6 and 7 Mi is the initial molarity and Vi the initial volume. Mf is the final molarity and Vf the final molarity.
The absolute value of intercept (alpha) in the Three-Factor Model for Low Portfolio is 1.1159, 0.1347 for 5 Portfolio, 0.6354 for High Portfolio, and 1.4591 for High-Minus-Low Portfolio. They all are larger than those in the Four-Factor Model, given 0.2081 for Low Portfolio, 0.0961 for 5 Portfolio, 0.0412 for High Portfolio, and 0.0402 for High-Minus-Low Portfolio. Therefore, alpha, a measurement of deviation from the model, is much smaller in the Four-Factor Model than in the Three-Factor Model. It shows that the Four-Factor Model fits the real situation better. In addition, we could see that R-Square (percentage of data that can be explained by the model) for the
* The effect of heteroskedasticity on the OLS estimator standard errors are that the results in adjusted robust standard errors cause the homoskedasticity results to be incorrect standard errors.
Table 4.1 presents the panel unit-root test results. There are two groups of hypotheses that are involved here. In the first four methods, the null hypothesis is: there is panel unit-root and the alternative hypothesis is: there is no panel unit-root and the decision