Case Study: The Northern Gateway Pipeline Project

These factors result in several issues and challenges. These matters have brought a conflict between the various stakeholders in this industry (Oilsandstruth.org, 2015). This discussion aims to identify the primary issues associated with the Canada oil sands and the involved stakeholders. Secondly, the stakeholders’ political view will be established. Finally, the discussion will recommend policies that can be effective in solving the challenges associated with the issues.

Almost 95 million barrels of oil and fuel are produced each day in order to provide energy and fuel to people the world over. A major component of the oil industry is the transportation of oil through various means including oil pipelines. These pipelines are capable of transporting thousands of barrels of oil thousands of miles per day. In the United States one possible pipeline has caused a lot of controversy and discussion on the impact it will have on the United States. The difficulty in deciding if the Keystone XL Pipeline should be built is in whether the possibility of economic growth outweighs the possibility of environmental destruction. In order to make a decision, one must first look into the history of oil pipelines. It is crucial

With recent event the Obama’s Administration has halted the further construction of the North Dakota Access pipeline. This event have sparked the nation into an uprise in protests and public speaking against North Dakota Access. Now thrusted out onto a global stage, the struggle on both sides intensifies either is not going to stand down. The people of Standing Rock Indian Reservation are protesting against North Dakota Access to continue construction of the “North Dakota Access Pipeline”. Additionally the Army Corps of Engineers has denied the permit that allows construction underneath the Mississippi and Missouri River. These events have now escalated to national attention. It is not in the public safety or well being to have further construction or completion of the North Dakota Access Pipeline should it have negative environmental impacts and be harmful to the American people. ("Federal Government Halts Construction Of Part Of North Dakota Pipeline.")

Nearly fourteen years ago, the Calgary-based oil enterprise "Enbridge" announced its most controversial project yet; to build a $6.5-billion oil-duct from Bruderheim, Alberta to Kitimat, British Columbia (Canadian Press, 2013, para. 1). It was to be named the "Northern Gateway Pipeline”.Enbridge 's preliminary announcement on the sixth of March, 2002, not only divided the province of British Columbia on whether environmental or economic prosperity was more important, but the country of Canada as a whole. Although the name "Northern Gateway" is well-known in many Western-Canadian households, few truly know the details of what this project entails. Many environmentalists and economists (Mortillara, Nicole, Global News, 2014) debate the benefits and the negative-impacts that this pipeline will have on Canadians and Canadian society. Others, though, are trying to understand what steps are being taken to ensure environmental sustainability during construction, and for the many years after its projected completion.This multi-billion dollar project has many vocal opposers, and a seemingly equal amount of environmental risks that accompanies it, all adding up to the general consensus that this duct is not worth the economic benefits that it would produce.

Oil is a significant essential in this society because it runs automobiles such as cars, buses, truck etc. Without oil, transportation, business and economic trade wouldn’t be possible. “The Dakota Access Pipeline Project is a $3.78 billion conduit being built from the oil-rich Bakken fields in North Dakota. .transport up to 570,000 barrels a day of crude to refineries and markets in the Gulf and on the East Coast” (Ablow). The Dakota Access Pipeline is funded by Energy Transfer Partners. They believe that will have a huge impact on the economic state of the United States because it will “bring an estimated $156 million in sales and income taxes to state and local governments as well as add 8,000 to 12,000 construction jobs”(Park). With over 10,000 of jobs and $150 million dollars that would bring into this country, The Dakota Access Pipeline is a project that is beneficial to the local and national economy of the country. “In addition, the Dakota Access Pipeline will improve overall safety to the public and environment. It will reduce crude oil shipped by truck and by rail and increase the amount shipped by pipeline” (Energy Transfers). Minimizing the trucks in delivering oil will help to prevent global warming and climate change. After the pipeline was approved by the government, The members of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe protested near the construction of The Dakota Access Pipeline. The tribe members are deeply against the project because it would damage their

The Keystone Pipeline is a crude oil pipeline that runs from Canada to the United States. The original pipeline goes through most of Canada before crossing over the border into the United States, running its way down into Illinois. The proposed Keystone XL pipeline extension provides a blueprint for the extension to go from the origin point in Alberta through the American prairie states into Nebraska connecting into the original pipeline and adding a new line going from the original pipeline in southern Nebraska into Texas and the Gulf of Mexico. Although the Keystone Pipeline provides a great service for the United States and Canada for the transportation of oil, there are some

The state of North Dakota wants to construct an “1,172-mile Dakota Access oil pipeline , which would run within a half-mile of the Standing Rock Sioux reservation and cross beneath the Missouri River.” One side of this is that it should be constructed and it will be good for the state and it will benefit them. The other side is that it shouldn't be built because it will effect are drinking water and the construction will be desping humans that are around their. Also they believe that animals around the area will be affected and it will disturb them and have a huge impact on them. People have been protesting this construction for several day and they even stayed out there during a harsh blizzard to still protest against the construction of the access oil

The Keystone XL pipeline will be one of the largest pipelines in the United States if it is constructed. The pipeline will travel 1,702 miles from Alberta, Canada, to the Gulf of Mexico and will be built by TransCanada, a Canadian-based company (Song). The major pipeline will cross six states on its journey to the Gulf of Mexico, which would be carrying an impressive 830,000 barrels of crude oil per day (Molina and Xiaobi 170). Each barrel of oil is the equivalent to forty-two gallons, which is a more relatable measurement. The pipeline will also connect with the previous Keystone pipeline traveling through the heart of America. It will be carrying oil from the tar sands of Canada, which are also known as oil sands. These contain heavier crude oil than what the United States

In the October of 2015, oil prices have dropped to their lowest since 2008 and Canada has lost over 35,000 jobs, and the value of the loonie has dropped to a mere 77 cents compared to the U.S. Dollar. As Canada desperately clings onto the failing economy, it turns its attention to The Keystone Pipelines. The Keystone XL (KXL) pipeline was an idea proposed in 2008 by the TransCanada energy company, to deliver 830,000 barrels of oil each day beginning in Hardisty, Alberta, and extending south to Steele City, Nebraska. TransCanada claims to bring more jobs, energy security, and benefit to the Canadian and American economy. Yet, President Obama denied the proposal in 2015. Although it was a huge disappointment to Canada, the decision to deny permission for further construction of the pipeline was the right one. The future of Canada’s economy should not rely on the Keystone XL pipeline, because the devastating environmental risks, the instability of the oil industry, and Canada’s ability to expand other industries.

We now attempt to review what Oliver had presented before the energy summit to understand how attendees perceived Canada’s stance on the Keystone XL project.

At Standing Rock Sioux Reservation multiple Native American tribes are protesting the construction of the North Dakota Pipeline. The North Dakota Pipeline could be very beneficial for moving oil in a safer and more cost effective manner, but it could also cause irreparable harm to the environment and communities surrounding it. Even though there are benefits to the construction of the pipeline, it would cause more destruction than being a system improvement.

Speak with anybody in the oil business and they will portray pipelines as the vital expressways that convey Canada 's unlimited assets to a ravenous world market; con-structing more pipelines, they say, will be critical for Canada’s future prosperity. Speak with environmentalists or most people living where a noteworthy pipeline is proposed to go through, and you regularly get an altogether different picture; pipelines conveying bi-tumen from the oil sands are only accident waiting to happen leading to ecological calam-ity. With regards to building new pipeline foundation, a lot is on the line for Canada, which is the reason the rhetoric is so very charged and the civil argument so noisy and tumultuous. Alberta 's oil-sands, obviously, are at the heart of the issue, since most real pipelines being proposed and awaiting anticipated endorsement are intended to get that oil to the world market. The oil sands are the third biggest oil holding on the planet, after Venezuela and Saudi Arabia, with more than 168 billion barrels of recoverable oil. Pipe-lines are the vital economic life savers of practically every action of regular daily existence (Exchange, 2014). When we go on vacation, we need to fly to another place or drive to the airport by car. All that fuel was conveyed by pipeline. We fly in a plane that is con-trolled by air fuel. Stream fuel sets out by pipeline to each significant air terminal. We purchase family necessities at the nearby supermarket, which are loaded by

The North Dakota Access Pipeline was proposed on December 22, 2014 and approved on January 2016. The Pipeline is a project that will transport 470,000 to 570,000 barrels of crude oil per day. The pipe will run from the fields of North Dakota to a storage facility in Illinois. Being only 1,172 miles long and 12 to 30 inches in diameter, the pipeline is stated to improve the transportation of crude oil and decrease the use of rail and truck transportation. The problem did not arise until April 1, 2016 when the United States Army Corps of Engineers had planned the pipeline to cross the reservation land of The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe. As a result, the pipeline has not crossed the land because protestors will not allow for the workers to complete their job. The pipeline will be a danger to the water source the tribe relies on and it needs to be modified so they can be safe.

The Keystone XL Pipeline is a 1,897 km, 36-inch-diameter pipeline that exports crude oil from Hardisty Alberta to Steele City Nebraska. Crude oil also known as fossil fuel is a non-renewable, unrefined petroleum made up of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials [1]. It can be refined to make products like gasoline, diesel and other petroleum based products. The crude oil is obtained from oil sands in the small town of Hardisty in Alberta to be refined in Steele City Nebraska. The Keystone XL was first developed by th TransCanada Corp. and ConocoPhillips as co-owners of the Keystone Pipeline proposed to create another branch of the pipeline which would enable it to export a large amount of oil sands and be known as the Keystone XL

What is the Dakota Access Pipeline? The Dakota Access Pipeline is a 1,172 mile underground state of the art 30” pipeline extending from the Bakken/Three Forks production area in North Dakota to Pakota, Illinois. The pipeline will transfer oil from North Dakota to other refining markets. The pipeline will run underground and has passed federal safety requirements. They claim the pipeline is safer than most modes of transportations and will be very beneficial for Americans.