Case Study a&P1

V. It’s important to know these steps because while the process is a long one, the effects of improper care can be irreversible.

This results in the person having repetitive periods of insufficient ventilation and jeopardized gas exchange. This occurs when the inhibitory input to the brain exceeds excitatory output; or in simpler terms the brain fails to signal the muscles to breathe.

B. The muscles that help move air in and out of the lungs are severely compromised.

Lungs – Mucus plugging, chronic bacterial infections, pronounced inflammatory response, damaged airways leading to respiratory insufficiency, progressive decline in pulmonary function.

Because Cari is a smoker this has caused the cilia in her respiratory passages to become paralyzed and secrete excess amounts of mucus that need to be expelled, leading to the smoker’s cough.

Lori is developing Mr. Baker’s care plan and adds the nursing diagnosis potential for infection. Why would Mr. Baker be at high risk for developing an infection?

1. Identify at least five organ systems in this region of the arm that the surgeon would have marked for reattachment.

C. Which structures found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter?

In the fetal pig, the heart was enclosed in a pericardial cavity, with the right and left lungs on each side of it (Freeman, et. al). The mediastinum, which includes the pericardium, the esophagus, the trachea, and other structures separates the thoracic cavity into right and left sides (Field, pg. 11). The muscular diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal pelvic cavity, where the digestive and urinary systems are located (Field p. 11). As we worked through the dissection we were able to observe each organ system individually and look deeper into all of the anatomical structures that play a role in its function.

2. Upon admission to the hospital, Allen’s breathing was rapid and shallow, can you explain why? Pg. 969

Describe the series of events that occur in skin, which is healing with the help of a skin graft?

This type of research is very valuable. This type of research is the most accurate and best way to fully understand the virus. It may be time consuming but it is the best way to study the virus.

3. The client is concerned about visible scars. What will you tell her to allay her fears?

The case study focuses on an employee, Paul Keller, who is being affected by a number of factors. His job performance is hindered by constraints such as his work environment, his home environment, stressors, mood, and the management style of his superior. The case study demonstrates how his job performance is affected and what the consequences could be as a result of his poor job performance and lack of concentration.

The various known functions of a cilia are to circulate fluids, move eggs into the oviduct, line air passages to sweep out mucus that contain bacteria, and many more (Erster Lecture 6). Cilia are about 2-20 um long, and they are extensions of cells that perform in locomotion (Campbell pg. 12). They can be found in multiple eukaryotes such as Paramecium (which are found in pond water) to humans. In the single-celled organism, Paramecium, the cilia helps propel it through the water. As for humans, the cells in the our windpipes are lined up with cilia and they prevent the lungs from bacteria by sweeping a film of debris-trapping mucus upward (Campbell pg. 12). Various proteins within the body has they own function, and the contractile and motor proteins are responsible for the movements of cilia and flagella (Campbell pg. 76). CIlia must be motile in order for them to perform their functions, thus when the cilia are immotile, a syndrome known as Kartagener 's develops through the rare genetic disorder of the immotile cilia. Since cilia deals with motion, when males are afflicted with Kartagener’s syndrome they become sterile from the immotile sperm, and they often also suffer from lung infections (Campbell pg. 118). However, this syndrome can also affect females. It can lead to infections at the nasal sinuses and bronchi for both genders. An interesting effect of Kartagener 's is situs inversus, which is the “reversal of the normal left-right asymmetry of the organs in the