‘Phoniness’ in The Catcher in the Rye
While phoniness and loss of innocence are unavoidable parts of life, Holden Caulfield, in The Catcher in the Rye, cannot seem to accept it which leads him to depression and mental instability. Holden is easily aggravated by any impression of phoniness and he realizes that all adults exhibit pretentious qualities. As a result, he tries to protect all children, the only innocent beings in his life, from being exposed to phoniness. However, growing up and losing innocence are not preventable, thus causing him to exhaust himself through his useless efforts. Holden’s dislike towards phoniness and hypocrisy in the adult world leads him to try and protect the innocence in younger generations and ultimately leaves him disappointed in his inevitable failure to do so. Holden often addresses his hostility toward phoniness in the adult world because he does not understand why adults find the need to misrepresent themselves or their feelings. At his old school, Elkton Hills, he observed that the headmaster “went around shaking hands with everybody’s parents [...] except if some boy had little old funny looking parents” (17). He could not tolerate seeing people act this way and left the school. However, he is faced with phoniness at his new school, Pencey, as well. The school’s advertisement presents “some hot-shot guy on a horse jumping over a fence” even though there is no polo team (4). He also notices the phoniness in his classmates including
"Catcher in the Rye" written by J.D. Salinger, is a novel in which the author creates much irony in the way he presents the loss of innocence or the fall from innocence in his main character, Holden Caulfield. While Holden clearly believes in protecting the innocence of children in society, he himself cannot seem to hang onto his own innocence. Throughout the novel Holden shows his love and protection for childhood innocence, the irony that he in fact himself may be losing his own childhood innocence mainly due to the responsibilities which he has taken on, and also shows that he may be more innocent than the reader first thinks as his simplified view of a complex world is much like an innocent child would see.
To begin with, Holden depressive state is evident as he displays feeling of hopelessness. For example, Holden realizes that his goals for preserving the innocence of the children are unrealistic. This occurs when all the children from the carousel are in attempts to grab the ring, and Holden realizes that he cannot stop the children from their inevitable outcome. This is evident through Holden’s comment, “if they want to grab for the gold ring, you have to let them do it, and not say anything. If they fall off, they fall off.” (Salinger 211).Holden realizes that he is powerless towards the society around. He believes he can preserve the innocence of children, being the catcher in the rye, saving them from falling from the cliff. However, he believes that all children will eventually border to adulthood and depart from their innocence is inevitable. Holden is made to believe that all children will eventually merge towards the corrupted side of society despite his desires. Another reason for Holden’s depression is because his desire for maintaining innocence is unrealistic which bring out emotional mental trauma. Moreover, Holden falls into depression as loses trust from the people that he admires. For example, he loses his trust in Mr.Antolini, who Holden respects, was caught inappropriately touching him. This incident also causes his internal turmoil as he was confused with regards to his teacher’s intention. This is depicted when Holden states, “but what did worry me was the part about how I’d woke up and found him patting me…the more I thought about it, though the more depressed and screwed up about it I got.” (Salinger 194-195). This reveals Holden’s loss of turn resulting in emotional disturbance. This event shows Holden that the society around him is corrupt, which makes him suspect others around him. Holden’s doubt highlights his internal conflict with himself. This betrayal
The irony of Holden detesting phoniness and adulthood is that he acts so much like an adult with his curiosity and experience with alcohol and sex that he misses his own opposition. Holden hates the responsibility, morality, and accountability of being an adult and embraces childhood. This contradicts everything that he desires and to want to take part in. This causes his own corruption and enables a failure to relate to himself.
In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s outlook in life is either the innocence of childhood or the cruelty of adulthood. He believes that the innocence of childhood is very valuable and it should be protected from
In J.D.Salinger’s novel, Catcher In The Rye, Holden Caulfield, the main character of the novel, is a walking paradox who desires to hold onto his innocence and ,in his mind, thinks that people who lose their innocence will either turn into a “phony” or a “jerk”. During his journey towards trying to preserve his innocence Holden affected his desire to hold on to his innocence through his action, such as his experience with a prostitute named Sunny, his interaction with Sunny shows him that most of the world of adults is just an illusion. Another person who affects Holden desire is his 10 year-old sister Phoebe Caulfield, his interaction with his sister phoebe shows how it’s ok to lose your innocence because with the loss of that innocence you
In the novel The Catcher In The Rye, the protagonist Holden Caulfield views his surroundings with hypocrisy and contempt in an attempt to avoid the corruption of adulthood. Holden places himself above the crowd because he believes everyone acts phony. In the process, Caulfield reveals his true problem: his refusal to change.
Holden Caufield emphasizes on the loss of innocence in children. He feels that once they lose their innocence, they will soon turn into phonies like everyone else. The loss of innocence is very common in the development in human existence. It is caused by many factors. Past a certain age, children are either forced or led unintentionally into a pathway of corruption. A child is also known to lose their innocence by desires, fantasies, and attention. But once they lose their innocence, they tend to desire to go back and pretend to be young again. In the Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden discusses the importance of innocence in children's lives. He feels that once a child loses his/her innocence, he/she will soon be leaded to a
In J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher In The Rye, Holden Caulfield, a seventeen-year-old boy, transitions from childhood to adulthood. The death of Holden’s little brother signifies the beginning his loss of innocence and growth of maturity. As he enters adulthood, Holden views society differently from his peers by characterizing most of his peers and adults he meets as “phonies.” Thus, Holden takes the impossible challenge of preserving the innocence in children because he wants to prevent children from experiencing the corruption in society. The Catcher In The Rye embodies Holden’s struggle to preserve the innocence of children and reveals the inevitability of and the necessity of encountering the harsh realities of life.
One of the main conflict’s in the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, is the recurring theme of innocence. Holden attempts to resist maturing and wants to live his life as an innocent adolescent, by staying the same, like the exhibits in the Museum of Natural History. As he reflects on the corruption of innocence
Instead of acknowledging that adulthood scares and mystifies him, Holden invents a fantasy that adulthood is a world of superficiality and hypocrisy (“phoniness”), while childhood is a world of innocence, curiosity, and honesty. Nothing reveals his image of these two worlds better than his fantasy about the catcher in the rye: he imagines childhood as an idyllic field of rye in which children romp and play; adulthood, for the children of this world, is equivalent to death—a fatal fall over the edge of a cliff. His created understandings of childhood and adulthood allow Holden to cut himself off from the world by covering himself with a protective armor of cynicism. But as the book progresses, Holden’s experiences, particularly his encounters with Mr. Antolini and Phoebe, reveal the shallowness of his conceptions.
In the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the protagonist, Holden Caulfield, experiences maturation and loss of innocence. Holden tries to find a way to go around the thematic statement, maturation and the loss of innocence is inevitable for all humanity, but he knows that he can’t. Holden’s dream job, preventing children from falling down a cliff, has a significance meaning to it . Throughout the novel, Holden tries to search for his identity and protects the innocence of childhood ,subconsciously, within his mind, though he doesn’t know it, he uses symbols that proves that he can’t avoid the loss of innocence.
A disparate situation is presented to readers in The Catcher in the Rye. Early in the novel, Holden expresses the reason for his difficulties in school as his being: “always surrounded by phonies.”(Salinger 13) Holden is correct; he is completely incapable of relating to his peers. However he takes no time to consider potential solutions to his problem. During his conversation with Mr. Spencer, Holden communicates that he deals with his troubles by simply quitting; putting minimal effort into academics and socialization. Since Holden never addresses his emotions directly, he fails to realize
In life there comes a time when everyone thinks that they are surrounded by phoniness. This often happens during the teen years when the person is trying to find a sense of direction. Holden Caulfield, a 16-year-old teen-ager is trying to find his sense of direction in J.D. Salinger's, "The Catcher In The Rye." Holden has recently been expelled from Pency Prep for failing four out of his five classes. He decides to start his Christmas recess early and head out to New York. While in New York Holden faces new experiences, tough times and a world of "phony." Holden is surrounded by phoniness because that is the word he uses to identify everything in the world that
Throughout “The Catcher in the Rye”, Holden Caufield longs for intimacy with other human beings. One of Holden’s main problems is that he sees childhood as the ideal state of being. He thinks that all adults are phonies.
He recognizes that children are not phonies, they say what they want, do what they want, and do not care what others think. However, he sees that adults are the exact opposite. Their world, the phony world, is something he has no interest in being part of. As a result, Holden distances himself from maturing, consequently preventing any meaningful interaction from occurring for the duration of the novel. Holden uses phoniness to define himself subconsciously. When he labels everyone around him as phony he gives himself an excuse to alienate himself from others.