Compare Relationship Between Intrinsic & Extrinsic Motivation
USP MBA Program - Presentation – Trimester 1 – 2011 by Group 8 Members Mukhtar Ahmed Nitesh Chandra ; Gabriel Pen ; Ateca C. Vakatora ; Devina R. Rao ; Salote Naulivou
Objectives:
To define motivation To define Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation To give examples of Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivations Identify the relationship between Intrinsic & Extrinsic motivations using the theories that discuss the relationship and give examples. Conclusion
Motivation
What is motivation? Process that accounts for an individuals intensity, direction & persistence of effort towards attaining a goal.
Why motivation is needed? – To increase job satisfaction – To increase
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Conclusion
Extrinsic motivation e.g. Money is the critical incentive to motivation in today's work environment However , motivation differs from individual to individual and with their respective beliefs and values, circumstances and culture. It is important for mangers to identify which motivation factor works with which employee and apply it respectively In any environment, both Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivations are needed for work satisfaction and work performance
References
Swenson, D. Expectancy and equity theories of motivation. The College of St. Scholastica Website. Retrieved from http://faculty.css.edu/dswenson/web/OB/VIEtheory.html Robbins, Judge, Millet, Marsh, 2008, Organizational Behavior, 5th Edition, Pearson
Theories that don't discuss Intrinsic & Extrinsic factors….cont’d
Two Factor Theory (Herzberg)
The two are independent. Extrinsic motivation decrease dis-satisfaction. E.g. A renovated office decreases workers dissatisfaction. Intrinsic motivation increases job satisfaction. E.g . Volunteers are motivated by intrinsic factors. Suicide bombers Human Motivation Theory of needs (McClelland's) How well people perform in work situation is related to their need for Achievement, Power or Affiliation Achievement & Power – Intrinsic factors Affiliation – Extrinsic factor E.g. *Both these theories lack
In Self-Determination Theory (Carol Sansone, Judith M. Harackiewicz, 2000) the types of motivation were differentiated on the basis of different reasons or goals which actually initiates an action. However the major two types of motivation that have been dealt with in a number of organizational structures seminars are Extrinsic Motivation and Intrinsic Motivation. Where extrinsic motivation serves to meet the non-job or indirect needs of the employees, which could be easily understood from the situation that money is used as a medium to accomplish the desired ends but it does not mean that monetary motivation is the only motivation or money is considered to be a sure tool of providing motivation, similarly in the career perspectives the jobs play as an major role in achieving the desired needs by way of the bonuses and perks. This simply means that higher the monetary allowances, higher is the motivation to the employees to
We live in a society in which people are believed to be motivated by highly energizing and engaging rewards such as pay, job security, benefits and working conditions, all of which are extrinsic rewards. According to Daniel Pink’s book Drive – The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us, he writes that these extrinsic rewards are in fact not the best ways in which to obtain and maintain motivation. Pink gives a new perspective on motivation in the workplace; it is argued that human motivation is largely intrinsic and that the aspects of this motivation can be divided into autonomy, mastery, and purpose. Based on the extrinsic reward motivation theory, low financial compensation can hinder motivation and performance in your profession,
Third possibility is the both type of motivations, intrinsic and extrinsic, are the reason for someone’s action. It is when the person is doing something knowing there is going to be a reward at the end, also during that action the person will develop in skills, professionalism, etc. The example could be taken from the essay that Kohn wrote. The reward that Kohn could have got is being paid for writing the essay, with the main back up that the action will bring development of experiences in writing professionally. Another example could be a man runs in a burning building to save his neighbor’s kid. That man
Extrinsic motivation it is the motivation brought about by what a person is getting from a certain task, rather than interest in the task. An example of extrinsic motivation is when a student who is not particularly interested in math works hard in order to attain a good grade, and in a working person’s life, it could be working on a task that is not necessarily interesting to him/her, but that is giving a good amount of financial reward. A good example of intrinsic motivation is working as a volunteer in a children’s home because taking care of children is of personal interest and satisfaction, to the person, despite getting no reward.
In “Understanding Management”, there is a chapter on motivation that covers both extrinsic and intrinsic reward. The material does highlight the increasing trend of motivating people through appealing to those intrinsic needs and how it
Motivation is the act of getting individuals and/or group to do something that is goal oriented, has an incentive, or positive or negative outcome. Motivation technique is what an individual does to positively and negatively influence an individual or group to get something done. The technique used to motivation can be monetary, recognition, reward,
The debate between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and whether there is a meaningful distinction between them continues to be a subject of debate (Latham, 2012). However, most seem to admit that there are clear differences in the source of these motivations, even if there is a lack of consensus as to the differences. A study conducted by Lee, Reeve, Xue, and Xiong (2012) showed that intrinsic motivation displays complex neurophysiological activity in which individuals experience an intense psychological process that comes from inherent feelings. Furthermore, Lee et al. (2012) found neural evidence that extrinsic motivation seems to be generated through environmental possibilities and contingencies. Therefore, it is possible that intrinsic
Motivation is an act that triggers people to continue their efforts to achieve a goal. When you think of work motivation most people think of working hard, which
Motivation can be extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation is when the level of motivation is affected by
Motivation is giving somebody a reason or incentive to do something. It can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is focused by an awareness or satisfaction in the task itself and usually occurs within the person rather than relying on external force. Extrinsic motivation is from outside the individual. Some common extrinsic motivators are rewards or punishments like evaluations or money, pressure, and threat of reprimand. The key to an organization’s success is the motivation of the staff. It is clear
Motivation is the driving force to the will and desire to be successful or to achieve something. Motivation can also be said as to the success of a stimulus or stimuli to avoid failure. People with motivation means he has acquired the strength to excel in life either in the world or the hereafter or both.
Managers are usually aware to some extent of the ways in which both intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation affect performance and work satisfaction, but there are many complexities in how these different types of motivations and their relevant rewards affect behaviour. One of the most subtle and demanding complexities has been found to occur when extrinsic rewards are given for performance in a task which would otherwise have been undertaken purely out of interest (http://www.beswick.info/psychres/management.htm). But effects of the interaction are not simple and have been a subject of extensive debate in recent years. How extrinsic rewards affect intrinsic motivation obviously has many implications for the management of incentives for work and study where both extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation are very often found together.
2. What is MOTIVATION? Derived from the Latin word „MOVERE‟ which means „to move‟ The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort towards attaining a goal.
This report aims to critically evaluate two process theories of motivation which is the Expectancy Theory by Victor Vroom and the Equity Theory by John Stacy Adams.
First, there is a relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations with job satisfaction. According to the correlation value, intrinsic motivation compared to extrinsic motivation tends to contribute more in job satisfaction.