Equality And Racial Inequality

Since America’s beginning, race based barriers have mired the fulfillment of our shared principles and many of these barriers still persist today. The institutionalized inequalities are detrimental on an individual basis as well a societal basis. Racism does not only affect the individuals that are being oppressed but also how society functions as a whole. Racial inequalities have manifested in American society in ways that underlies a wide range of societal domains such as housing patterns, educational opportunities, healthcare inequality, and incarceration rates. Current events and experiences demonstrate moreover that racial inequality is still adamant in the American culture. Long after slavery, the Jim Crow Era, and the civil rights movement, racial inequality has taken distinctive forms which affect many people within a racially oppressed group. Racial segregation at large is embedded within a structural matrix that not only permeates in the American culture but in our private and public institutions. Disparities in the criminal justice system and housing patterns remain a key barrier to racial equality in America. In order to eradicate racial inequality, there needs to be policy solutions that place fundamental changes to a system with profound historical origins, one that structurally disadvantages minority groups.

Who we are and how we are treated as children is directly correlated to who we will become as adults. Spoken by Lyndon B. Johnson, “Until Justice is blind to color, until education is unaware of race, until opportunity is unconcerned with the color of men’s skins, emancipation will be a proclamation but not a fact.” These words are echoed throughout the educational system that is put in place today. Jonathan Kozol, an award-winning writer and public lecturer who focuses on social injustice in the United States, reverberates these words in his article, “From Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid”. Kozol proves his mastery in persuasion by the facts he provides and the personal anecdotes from teachers and students.

This paper is about the ways in which desegregation was used to address equality of education post Brown v. Board of education (1954). I will discuss the challenges of desegregation, what challenges minority students still face in America 's public schools post Brown v. Board, and how might we transform education so that all students receive equal opportunity according to Dewey and Paolo.

Throughout the history of America issues around race have brought great debate and augments. Being a nation birthed from ideals of freedom and undeniable human rights, America has failed in being truthful to its founding. The treatment of African-American is an atrocity that stains the history of our nation’s past. Steps have been made to heal the injustice, but they are just steps. In this essay, I will be discussing school desegregation focusing on the landmark and controversial Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education and the effect is had on the nation and even the world. Many people ignore the fact school segregation has not been fixed. The Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education is just something people learn in their social studies class. Most think this case was the end of the story and schools were desegregated and everything was happily ever after, but this is sadly not the reality. The reality is Brown has failed us. The effects can be seen in the schools of today in many American cities but in this essay, I will use the case of the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul to illustrate the massive shortcomings of this ruling today.

The barriers that separate men have existed for centuries. Race, class, status, these are all ideas that have created a divide among humans. This divide creates competition and tension. Throughout the history of the legal system, justice has been used to validate slavery and other forms of racial inequality. Our system now has changed, but the basic concept has remained the same. According to one study, the judicial system was invented by whites to protect whites and keep people of color at bay (Constitutional Rights Foundation, 2017, p1). This idea of preserving a one superior racial system resulted in a bias still existent today.

What is racial inequality? Racial inequality is discrepancies in the opportunities and treatment of people based solely on their race. Racial inequality is a serious issue that is often discussed in the American criminal justice system. Although racial discrimination is present in the criminal justice system, some people use the words inequality, discrimination, racism, and profiling loosely and do not understand how truly complex it is to prove that there actually is racial inequality present in the criminal justice system. Daniel P Mears, Joshua C. Cochran, and Andrea M. Lindsey article Offending and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Criminal Justice: A Conceptual Framework for Guiding Theory and Research and Informing Policy illustrates

Lyndon B. Johnson, the 36th president of the United States and the president who signed the Civil Rights Act into law, once said, “Until justice is blind to color, until education is unaware of race, until opportunity is unconcerned with the color of men’s skins, emancipation will be a proclamation but not a fact.” Many are unaware of how well a person can receive their education when their race differs from the dominant white majority of the U.S. Whether it’s ignorance or the deliberate choice of not giving other races the same opportunity to succeed, we don’t know, but that is what we have set out to find. Throughout all of our literature, we can see examples of people not getting the same choices or opportunities as other citizens

American society likes to believe that race relations in our country are no longer strained. We do not want to hear about the need for affirmative action or about the growing numbers of white supremacist groups. In order to appease our collective conscious, we put aside the disturbing fact that racism is alive and well in the great U.S.A. It hides in the workplace, it subtly shows its ugly face in the media, and it affects the education of minority students nationwide. In the following excerpts from an interview with a middle class African American male, the reader will find strong evidence that race plays a major role in determining the type and quality of education a student receives.

It’s been 60 years since the Supreme Court struck down the concept of “separate but equal” schools in Brown v. Board of Education, but today, most black students attend schools that are majority non-white. The percentages of black students attending a majority-non-white school today is 74.1 percent, it is little changed from figures in the 1960s. Nearly 40 percent of black children attend schools that are almost entirely (more than 90 percent) non-white. “Americans simultaneously believe that schools are places where social inequalities should be equalized, where the advantages or disadvantages that children experience in their homes and families should not determine what happens to them in school-in essence, that school is a place where children should have equal chances to make the most of their potential.” (Inequality) The 1991 article Savage Inequalities written by Jonathan Kozal highlights the fact that every person is entitled to the right to receive quality care and education. Kozal, revealed there can be overwhelming social factors that prevent students in a small Illinois town from getting an equal education. The author shrewdly described the morbid living conditions experienced by the residence of East St. Louis, Illinois. A predominately black community near the banks of the Mississippi River. However, despite the conditions that the city 's kids must endure, these students refuse to wallow in misery. The didn’t believe the hype. Even though, these students have

Dating back to the 1800’s, racism and gender inequality have played a prominent role in America. Ranging from slavery to the Jim Crow laws to the war on drugs, racial inequality is present in our everyday lives. Likewise, gender inequality is also as prominent as there are many inherent barriers for women in the workplace such as sexual harassment, inability to ascend into high ranking jobs and stereotypes involving gender roles. Even with the implementation of anti-discrimination laws, racial and gender inequality would still be present in our society because many disparities between race and gender are not caused by explicit discrimination but rather implicit discrimination. Anti-discrimination laws promote equality in theory, but not so much in practice as legal reasoning isn’t exempt from ethical or political beliefs.

This article speaks on several different aspects of race and ethnicity. It touches on the subject of

In 1954, the Historic Brown vs. Board educational decision took place to discontinue racially separate schools. Today, students of all races come together in a safe environment to learn. However, in American schools one can currently find evidence of desegregation in the system. Racial integration has become a large problem in today’s school systems. Instead of getting better after the Brown vs. Board decision, it is steadily worsening. The schooling system has strived to reduce stereotypes and racial biases that their students struggle with, but one can find evidence of failure. Racial integration is a growing monster that is hovering over America’s schools. Once the monster grows too big, there may not be a solution to scare it away. The problem of segregation is seen through unawareness, unintentionality, and unacceptance.

Equal access to educational opportunities for all students was a primary goal of education reforms during the time of the Civil Rights Movement and it still remains a problem today. Today, we are focused on a broader range of ethnic groups and in a higher goal than simply “letting people in,” we ask questions about how to create educational institutions that serve all students equally well ("50 Years After Brown v. Board of Education: The Promise and Challenge of Multicultural Education"). In 1954 we did not ask whether schools’ would welcome and nurture students of color or whether the schools would adjust to a curriculum that made equal sense to all groups. Today, we ask such questions. Research shows that multicultural education and curriculum

“Turns out the American Dream may not be for everyone...", claims from CNN's Jack Cafferty, "A new report by the Pew Charitable Trusts shows that a family's race, economic background and neighborhood play a role in economic mobility" - Perfectly describing the opportunities missed by individuals every day because of one obstacle; One's race. Racial tensions have always been present in the United States. Since the early 1900's, race tensions grew into matters about racial discrimination and class inequalities. In the U.S, the ratio between white Americans and minorities is pretty drastic as well. While there is about 67.3 percent of Caucasian people in the country, minorities fall behind at 12.2% for African Americans or blacks, 16.3% for Hispanics or Latinos, 4.7% for Asians and all others falling at lower percentages (info please-race-population). With such little representation, minorities receive the biggest obstacles when trying to achieve their American Dream. While some see the connection, some may say that its untrue that non-Americans are being prevented from achieving their American Dream. Authors such as Shayan Zadeh claim that although it is more difficult for immigrants and non-Americans to succeed in life through education and high positions jobs, your hard work and motivation is your biggest obstacle. In the novel, They Say I Say, Shayan Zadeh writes an essay on the way immigrants and foreigners view the American Dream and how many believe they are being

Racial Inequality is when someone is disparity in an opportunity and treatment that occurs as a result of their race. I choose to write about this topic because it has influenced me throughout my life and is still recurring in today’s society. I wanted to explore this topic because many people isn’t aware of the racial inequality that is still going on in today’s society. We tend to learn about the history instead of problems that are going on today. In addition me and my family has experienced racial inequality from my grandmother being one of the first African American students to attend an all-white school to being a resident assistant and being called ghetto for doing my job.