Evidence Based Policing

Gaines, L. K., & Kappeler, V. E. (2014). Policing in america (8th ed.). (S. Decker-Lucke, Ed.) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America: Anderson Publishing. Retrieved January 2017

Policing is a very difficult, complex and dynamic field of endeavor that is always evolves as hard lessons teach us what we need to know about what works and what don’t work. There are three different Era’s in America’s policing: The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Problem Solving Era. A lot has changed in the way that policing works over the years in the United States.

"Precognitive Police," by Henrick Karoliszyn, addresses what police are doing about violence in cities across the country. Many police departments are using precognitive policing. Precognitive policing can range from computer programs to DNA analysis. Precognitive policing is the up-and-coming method used by police departments across the country. Many are starting to believe that the this method will be the solution to many of the nation's crimes. But with many different ways of precognitive policing, who's to say what is best, or maybe all methods should be used together.

Since the 70’s police departments like Spokane Washington, I believe have proved that police visibility or presence in the community along with transparency working hand in hand with the community, have had a positive effect on preventing crime and providing communities with a sense of security (The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment. (n.d.).

Community Policing took a different perspective on crime than August Vollmer. It shows that even though police officers are trained and respond to crimes on time, it doesn’t effect the crime rates. In the past foot-patrol was in place but it quickly failed due to poor management and not enough funds for the program (Bohm & Haley, 2014, Pg. 147). Community Policing was an idea to form a bond between the police and the citizens. If the police paid more attention to the minor problems in

The Smithville city council assumes that crime persists because the city’s police force has too low a profile, but the memo never cites evidence to support this position. The council could do something as simple yet effective as asking the town librarian to review published studies to see whether a parallel exists between a high police presence and reduced crime rates. It could also hire an independent research

The Kansas City Police experiment began in October 1972 and continued through 1973. This experiment was conducted by the Kansas police department and evaluated by the Police Foundation. Patrols were varied within 15 police beats. Routine preventive patrol was eliminated in five beats, labeled “reactive” beats (meaning officers entered these areas only in response to calls from residents). Normal, routine patrol was maintained in five “control” beats. In five “proactive” beats, patrol was intensified by two to three times the norm (Foundation, 2016).

Police Foundation stated that because the majority of a police officer's time is typically spent on non-crime related matters, the amount of time spent on crime is any less important (Police Foundation, 2017). In my opinion, there are no strategies to deter crime because criminals are going to commit a crime regardless. In doing so, there should have been a better plan and strategies of where to put each police office to cover the area that seems to have a high crime rate and the area with the less crime rate would have a patrol officer to monitor that area for appearance for the security of the neighborhood.However, I commend the effort of trying to find a solution to deter crime in the city, even though it was stated that the experiment of Kansas city crime does not compare to other city but it has some similar crime with Detroit and San Francisco. The experiment can be used if the data was accurate to brainstorm by building off the Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment to another option to execute to deter crime in another

When looking at the Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) website we see that it provides information to law enforcement departments around the country giving them information on how to deal with a significant amount of community problems (Problem-Oriented Policing, 2017). The website of POP shows in details community issues such as vandalism, street prostitution, and domestic violence for law enforcement departments to gain ideas how they can be addressed. There have been large numbers of police departments that have taken advantage of the enormous amount of resources provided to them by the POP two such departments the Oakland Police Department in Los Angeles, and the other being Lindgate Police Department in Nevada (Calgues, 2015).

Kansas City prevention was a patrol experiment; (preventative patrolling). The results of police patrolling in high crime areas did not lessen criminal activity, however the reduction of police patrolling did not result in increased criminal activity. This research shined a new light on policing and helped pave the way for future community policing.

From citizens capturing incidents of police brutality on their smartphones to police departments using surveillance drones, technology is changing our relationship to the law. Preventive policing is the newest aspect of law enforcement that acts as a deterrent rather than a reaction.

Intelligence-led policing is a focus on improving safety within communities, reducing crime rates and controlling criminality and disorder with involvement from all enforcement agencies incorporating modern methods and technologies. Aimed at reducing the criminals capability to do business and disrupting their ability to engage in criminal activity. It is built around

Law-enforcement needs to expand educational areas and how police officers are to execute the duties of the job, as well as teaching the individuals at younger ages, how to interact with an officer. The research has shown that many altercations between civilians and officers are escalated because of the communication between the civilian and Officer. The offices are only following the evolution of the policing models to make sure that they keep the streets safe from drugs, criminals, and potential dangers. The policing evolution continues to evolve with the needs of the world. Criminal justice agencies take the time to evaluate what is working to protect the community and what needs to change to evolve policing into what the community

1). Criminology arose from the social scientific community over the year and has since come into its own discipline, it examines the entire process of lawmaking, law breaking, and law enforcing” (as cited in Akers, & Sellers, 2013). Criminology seeks to discover the depth of crime at both the micro and macro levels, from the individual’s natural biological and psychological characteristics, the nurturing of social and structural institutions, to policy, prevention and control.

Proactive in policing is the best way to reduce crime. By maintaining a visible proactive police in a community will deter crime and criminal behavior, as well as to reduce the public fear of crime. These goals are equally important and also contribute to enhancing trust between citizens and police. These police officers must actively enforce laws even for low-level crimes and violations before a call for service. This will prevent more serious crimes in the future. Law enforces officers have to shift away from using only reactive policing tactics and also responding to calls after a crime occurs.