Global Health : Annotated Bibliography

History of Present Illness: Ms. Dahlberg is a very pleasant 69-year-old woman who suffers from poorly controlled asthma. She has a recent exacerbation requiring hospitalization at Anna Jaques Hospital in June. Since discharge, she states that she has done well. She has stable dyspnea on exertion. She does feel that perhaps it might be slightly worse given the heat and humidity. She is not complaining of any cough. She is compliant with her bronchodilator regimen.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has created an agenda for 2030. Within this agenda there are seventeen sustainable developmental goals (SDG) that aim to transform our world. These goals are to be met through numerous different means, government policies, public change, non-government organizations (NGO) and a variety of other ways. NGO’s are a large way to help meet these goals and impact the world for the better. LRBT, an NGO that focuses on eye care for those who live in Pakistan, focuses on meeting the goal ensuring healthy lives and wellbeing for all at all ages (United nations SDG, reference). Ensuring eye care for the residents of Pakistan not only provides them with care they should be subject too always, but

“Without a lifespan view of women’s health… we are unlikely to be successful in advancing women’s health” (Woods 2009, pg. 400). A Global Health Imperative (2009) by author Nancy Fugate Woods explains the issues about health status and opportunities for the health of girl-children world-wide, which includes sex and gender disparities. Girl and women’s health is important, but just not as important as men’s health. Woods gives example of women’s health issues that are extremely serious. “Health issues or problems that occur predominantly in women are breast cancer and menopause” (Woods 2009, pg. 400). Women all over the world have the risk of getting breast cancer, HIV and Aids. Women that are affected by these diseases in some countries may

Globalization involves the movement of people, food, goods from one place to another. And in the process of countries integrating, people and goods move from one location to another. In as much as there is positive impact for people, goods and services to move from one country to another. There are chances that the people, goods and service in a county can be infected and taken across the border to another country. In the course of globalization people move from one country to another and they might have contacted diseases or the product that they are carrying across the border. Diseases such as AIDs, tuberculosis, malaria are the top among the list of the disease that is usually carried by people. But just as globalization increases the frequency and ease with which diseases can move around the world, it also can improve access to the medicines, medical information, and training that can help treat or cure these diseases. Drug companies and governments now have the ability to ship drugs to remote parts of the world affected by outbreaks of diseases. There are various options that can be used to lower the spread of global disease. Most countries usually have screening borders to check the people, food and

I had been an EMT and phlebotomist for four years at this point. I had seen hospitalized patients with asthma and how it limited their lives. I was determined not to let this happen to me.

During the checkup, he will have questions about symptoms that you may be experiencing, about where you live, and if you have any history of Asthma

On the eve of my seventeenth birthday, I was having a birthday party with my family, and I was not feeling well. My asthma had been bad for the past few months, but seemed to be worsening. I even had to leave my party for a little bit to take an aerosol treatment. That seemed to help, but only for about thirty minutes. I started to wheeze again, and I was not able to catch my breath. I have had asthma all of my life and have been in the hospital several times for exacerbations. After my family had left, my parents knew I needed to go to the emergency room. I took my rescue inhaler right before my parents and I left to go to the emergency room. We ended up going to Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. Once I arrived, there was a long line ahead of me, but a triage nurse listened to my wheezing and sent me straight to the front. The nurses seemed panicked when they took me back to a critical care section of the ER. When I got in a room, I knew it was serious because there were five nurses and two doctors. I ended up staying at Children’s Hospital for a week and being on oral steroids for four months. Because of my asthma, I missed a lot of school during my junior year. I was on oral steroids for a long period of time, so it began to weaken my immune system.

Discuss the prevalence of asthma in certain patient populations that you might see in primary care. Asthma is chronic airway inflammation disorder that is characterized by persistent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and non-productive cough, mainly at night and in the early morning. The inflammation of the airway results from physical, chemical, and pharmacologic stimulus, which causes bronchial hyper-responsiveness, constriction of the airways, edema of airway wall, and chronic airway remodeling (Cash, 2014). Asthma occurs at all ages, with about 50% of all cases developing during childhood and another 30% before age 40. In the United States, it is estimated that 25 million people have asthma and the prevalence continues to increase (McCance, & Huether, 2014). Previously, asthma was considered

I am Ayesha Chaudhry. When I am moved to America, the only motto, I had to work hard. I wanted to do something for people. I wanted to help who were sick especially those who struggle to explain what’s happening with them. My father died in sudden cardiac arrest. He was sick for years, but I always thought he will be better. I will have my father by my side.It still hurts a lot. He was deaf and mute. He could not explain what was happening to him at times. I left him to study for the test. He was no more. I wish I had not left that day. I feel hopeless.

Among the UK’s top global health issues, cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks among the top health issue throughout the country. This is perfectly reflected as a major global health problem as the World Health Organization considers cardiovascular diseases the main cause of death globally. Other major global health issues are much less prominent in the UK, such as HIV/AIDS and Malaria. Despite the UK’s miniscule presence of HIV/AIDS and Malaria, the UK has become a leading country within the Western countries in the management of preventable diseases, considering the top five fatal diseases: stroke, heart disease, cancer, lung and liver disease. Cumulatively, these diseases cause over 150,000 deaths per year within people under the age of 75 years old. Furthermore, approximately 30,000 of the deaths are completely preventable, according to UK’s Department of Health. Within respiratory diseases, the most prominent ones are Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma, with 6% of the population having asthma and over 3 million of the population

Even though measles had been recognized as a sickness that differs from smallpox as early as the 10th century by a scientist named Rhazes, people were still believing in an ancient theory that explained measles as a way of purifying kids` from their mothers` menstrual blood (Axton, 140). Because it was seen as a way of purification, people have embraced this sickness and wanted their kids to experience the holy cleansing process. In 1670, an English physician, Thomas Sydenham wrote a detailed synopsis about measles-related complications which contributed to the modern findings of measles.

"The failure to engage in the fight to anticipate, prevent, and ameliorate global health problems would diminish America's stature in the realm of health and jeopardize our own 
health, economy, and national security, " stated by The Institute of Medicine. Global health refers to health phenomenon that transcends across national borders. For instance, global health would address predicaments such as: infectious and insect-borne diseases that can spread from one country to another. Thus, global health should be addressed by collaborative actions and solutions. On the other hand, countries tend to focus on other essential issues that are occurring in the present day and therefore, overlook the global health issue. Some issues that countries

The country of Singapore provides universal healthcare to all their citizens. Aside from providing universal healthcare, Singapore also offers many different medical subsidies and schemes to help make healthcare affordable to all (Ministry of Health (MOH) Singapore, 2012). According to the MOH (2012), the reason why there are multiple layers of financing for healthcare is to ensure that no citizen is denied access to basic healthcare services because of financial reasons. The government currently covers about 80% of the total bill should one be admitted into the hospital. The other 20% will need to be covered by Medisave, a health savings account that individuals can contribute to, or Medishield, a low cost catastrophic medical insurance (Ministry of Health (MOH) Singapore, 2012). Some citizens may have access to private insurance to supplement the government programs.

In Afghanistan, malaria is widespread in large areas at altitudes below 2,000 meters, resulting in a sizeable portion of the population being at risk (Adimi, Soebiyanto, Safi, & Kiang, 2010). The numerous amount of people potentially affected in this region creates a global concern and requires a review of the global resources set up in this region. This paper will discuss the social and economic factors associated with Malaria in Afghanistan as well as the U.S. global health policies, resource allocation and current progress on the disease.

In case 4, eliminating polio in Latin America and the Caribbean, polio, one of the most infectious diseases, paralyzed thousands of children every year worldwide before the oral polio vaccine was introduce in 1977. As polio intestinal virus paralysis by invading the central nervous system, the virus exponentially widespread with a series of polio outbreaks up to 15,000 cases and 1750 deaths each year in Latin America and the Caribbean. In 1985, Pan American Health organization (PAHO) began a polio eradication campaign in the region for routine immunization by Expanded Programme on Immunization. The program had two crucial objectives: mobilizing financial and social commitments in the region and organizing managerial surveillance to carry out immunization in each country. In a vertical way to set immunization strategies, diverse international organizations such as UNICEF and USAID coordinated Inter-Agency Committee (ICC) for a five-year National Plan of Action. To increase immunization coverage in areas with weak routine health services, all endemic countries in the region performed national vaccine days twice a year to immunize every child under 5. The campaign tackled the disease with house-to-house vaccination in communities reporting polio cases and with low coverage. An extensive surveillance system also helped to track the polio outbreaks with investigating each suspected case within 48 hours. Today polio has been eliminated with continuous monitoring and regional