HW7_ SP_2018 IMPORTANT: a) All summaries/answers are expected in your own words, do not copy, do not copy and paste and if you paraphrase provide the references please. If you need to review the plagiarism policy in the Syllabus… please do. there will be NO exceptions. b) The QUALITY of your reports/summaries is very important, your ability to summarize important points will be taken in account when grading 1) Read /watch the following articles/videos and (be sure to study/read ALL sources before your summary). From the sources, do an integrated summary. An Integrated summary is NOT a summary of ONE source + The summary of the second (or third) source. An Integrated summary is ONE summary of ALL sources (joined concepts) Your grade will …show more content…
By using light emitting diodes (LED) The SONET transmits the digital bits through optical fiber medium. We can transfer huge amount of telephone calls as well as data through optical fiber medium using SONET without any synchronization problems. This multiplexing protocol is mainly designed for to transfer or deliver the real time voice code functions in a appropriate format. Here in SONET synchronization of circuits are different, so this is kind of very difficult. SONET can reduce the buffering time as well as transferring time if we want upon the system requirements. Here in SONET every circuit operates in different rate as well as with different sort of phases. This is not only communication protocol but this works as transport protocol also. The sonnet can carry huge quantity of data through optical fiber to large …show more content…
SONET is like heavy better multiplexed which can carry data at any cost with different sort of any situations. Here it will accept the encapsulated data for use own SONET data frames rate. By using virtual container SONET can carry any type of different data in complex situations. The SONET is a heavily multiplexed structure and with the header it can insert the data between the systems in a typical way. Here it’s give permit to have its own encapsulated data frame to float around its own system SONET/SDH and rate. This interleaving method is giving access to very less concealment for to encapsulate the data. Data is delayed mostly compared with frame rate here. Here SONET using padding method to multiplexing the data to transfer within the frame rate and here the data is clocked in completely disparate than the frame rate to transfer more data to be multiplexed. Here the protocol became more complicated because we are permitting padding method here but when we see at final process, the performance is very
Identification of the data format, providing data interfaces and data compression and translation of data format to be presentable to the user are the functions performed in this layer. It acts as a translator for the network by translating application layer data format to common format at the sending station and back to application layer format at the receiving station. This layer also provides: Character code translation, Data encryption (to secure the information).
Sounds confusing? Here is the advantage I want to explain now. In traditional devices, information is stored and handled in binary form which was
Figure 1.8 code trees with the four layers are taken into account. The highest capacity of the code tree is 8R. In the code tree, two codes with SF is 4 and 8 are engaged. As a result, the capacity employed for the OVSF code tree is 3R. The remaining capacity of the code tree is 8R-3R=5R. When a new call with data rate 4R enters, code from the third layer is essential. The code tree is not capable of offering code for the new call, since both the codes equivalent to 4R capacity are obstructed. Accordingly, this is a condition where a new call capacity to manage it. This is known as code (call) blocking and can be circumvented with the help of efficient assignment and reassignment
By carrying out research with different datasets, it was clearly observed that hybrid and filestream data type approach is faster
if send is called twice with data sizes 1000 and 2000 then two packets will be sent of sizes 1000 and 2000 (assuming the MTU size for the network is large enough). If send is called with a data size larger than the MTU value, the packet will be fragmented. When the remote host calls receive twice with sizes 100 and 150, the first call will return the first 100 bytes of the 1000 byte packet and throw away the last 900 bytes. The second call will return the first 150 bytes of the 2000 byte packet and throw away the last 1850 bytes.
The execution module is portrayed in Figure 3.7. Two 64 x 16 double port irregular access recollections (RAMs) are utilized. The invalid subcarriers are accomplished by characterizing the substance of the two RAMs at relative locations to be zeros. Ports An of the RAMs are utilized for information transporter composing, while ports B are committed for pilot composing and the 64-subcarrier perusing. They are controlled by two counters. "Counter_We_48" square stores the 48 information transporter positions. As per the locations indicated by it, the I and Q estimations of the information images are built into two RAMs from ports A. In the meantime, FFT movement is inalienably performed. "Counter_Rd_64" utilizes a counter to create the perusing locations of ports B. At the point when ports B are empowered and "Counter_Rd_64" tallies from 0 to 63, the coveted 64 inputs for IFFT are yielded and the "en_ifft" is high, telling the IFFT square to perform figuring.
These graphs show a bimodal distribution where we can see significant latency reductions (peaks around 95% to 100%) or little to no reduction (peak at around 0%). Thus for these models a web request can see a significant latency reduction or little or no reduction.
Real Time System support both techniques and both of them distributes memory in different way in
It has become a primal requirement in current communication system to provide high rate services with higher accuracy and faster data exchange. With the evolution of new communication architectures, the data exchange has got no boundness in forwarding the data to any range. Due to integration of different networks, data are exchange over wireless network and internet network, forming a Internet protocol – Radio access Network (IP-RAN). Due to
Communication has always been one of the essential needs of humanity. In the past 20 years, communication systems have developed drastically in a small amount of time, as a result of the creation of Internet, the use of communication systems has been enhanced, allowing our modern technologies to function efficiently and fulfilling our needs as the industry grows. The industry is constantly looking for methods to increase the quality, quantity and velocity in the transfer of data.
Allows hardware infrastructure to scale up and down with no need to change data formats
It is employed to designed to put briefly or intermediate files in a very pc main RAM instead of store them briefly on a flash
In spatial multiplexing scheme the different stream of data has been transmitted on the same downlink resource block. As there is SU-MIMO (Single user MIMO) and MU-MIMO (Multiuser MIMO) and the data stream could be related to one of these. SU-MIMO is used to achieve higher data rate whereas on the other hand MU-MIMO is