Ireland and Irish Immigration, 1920 to 1930

Soon the number of emigrants increased so rapidly that jobs and housing became scarce and poverty ensued. In addition to economic problems, religious differences increased tension. It seemed as if the troubles in Ireland had traveled across the ocean.

Annie Moore was the first irish immigrant to arrive to Ellis Island at the of 15 in 1892. Annie was April 24, 1874 in ireland. She was the daughter the of Matthew and Julia Moore. Annie came to America with her two brothers Phillip and Anthony whom she traveled with by ship to the New York harbor. They arrived at the S.S Nevada harbor December 31, 1891. She received a $10 gold piece for being the first immigrant processed at Ellis Island , it was also Annie’s 15th birthday. Annie came to America to support and provide for her family and look for a job. The obstacles she faced while in here were losing track of her brothers but also had the opportunity to work at the potato famine. During this time Annie married the German immigrant Joseph

     Everything that happened in Ireland during nineteenth century has indeed been overshadowed by the catastrophe which overtook the country between 1845 and 1851. The Irish Potato Famine of 1845-1851 was one of the great catastrophes of the nineteenth century and divides modern Irish history. It was a disaster which poisoned Anglo-Irish relations for many generations to come, and had profound effects not only in Ireland itself, but in England and North America as well.

In the late 1800s, people from other countries across the world choose to leave their homes and move to the United States. United States was seen as the land of economic opportunity at this time because of famine, land and job shortages, and rising taxes in their countries. Many others desired personal freedom or to escape political and religious persecution. Between 1870 and 1900, over 12 million immigrants arrived in hopes of a promising future. The majority of these immigrants were from England, Ireland, and Germany. Immigrants from Europe commonly entered from ports on the East Coast and settled nearby. However, there were a few immigrants who were attracted by lands for farming and moved inland.

The Irish and Chinese immigrants during the 1950’s were subjected to cruel judgment and unjust regulations. Even though both of these races had such a major impact on American history, they were once seen as an invasive species that were sucking up all available jobs. This forced the American government and its people to take a stand against the Cheese and Irish. The Chinese faced exclusion and economic laws, while the Irish were plagued with the label of being poor, diseased, and considerably different from the prior Irish.

The Irish, like many immigrants, immigrated to Canada in hopes of finding a better life to live for themselves and their families. The first wave of Irish immigrants arrived in Newfoundland, Canada in the early 17th century. (Toner, Peter., & Leitch, Gillian, 2016). After that, the now Irish Canadians in Newfoundland, Canada found work as fishermen, but were still living in poverty like conditions they had hoped to escape from Ireland. (Toner, Peter., & Leitch, Gillian, 2016). By the 19th century, Canada saw a substantive increase in immigrants, especially Irish immigrants. This was mainly due to the fact that; poor economic conditions had hit Ireland. (Toner, Peter., & Leitch, Gillian, 2016). As well as, the growing population, the Great Famine,

When the First Nation signed the treaty the government promise to give money every year.

Out of all the topics we have discussed these last five weeks, I have to say the history of the Irish coming to America is the one that I can relate to most for many reasons. One I am an immigrant who came from Central America for the same reasons the Irish came and two I know what it is like to live in a country where hunger for my family was pretty much every single day. The Irish came with a dream at a time when America was being built. I have learned about so many injustices against the Irish. Labor abuse was horrible, but I also know that it was better maybe then what was happening in Ireland with the prosecution of their religion. With the lack of food due to the potato famine. With the hourly deaths

Before the Irish Immigrants affected America, they immigrated to it. About 17% of the Irish immigrants to come America came before the 1840s. Because of the Irish potato famine, most of the Irish immigrants came to America between 1845 to 1860. The Irish potato famine, or The Great Potato Famine, was caused by a late blight on potato crops year after year, starting in 1945 and slowing down by 1851. The blight, otherwise known as Phytophthora infestans, infects the leaves and edible roots of the potato plant, leaving the whole crop rotting in the fields. Because at least half of Ireland at that time, mainly her poor, depended heavily on the potato crop as the main source of nutrients and the rest of Ireland consumed it in large numbers,

With the occurrence of the U.S. Civil War, a lot of Irish immigrants stared serving valiantly in both armies; though, because of their weak and unstable social position, many of the Irish soldiers became the targets for military conscription. Fearing discrimination and abuse, the Irish banded together in their parishes and led major efforts to build churches, parochial schools, and major private universities where they and their children felt comfortable. Catholicism, a minor religion before the arrival of the Irish, grew to become the largest single denomination by the early twentieth century, and much of that growth and visibility was due to the devotion of the Irish.

In my introduction chapter (chapter one), as well as the aforementioned introduction to my topic, I present an historical overview. This chapter gives the reader a clear picture of my goals in writing this dissertation and of the history of Irish immigration and their involvement in the American music industry. In Chapter Two, I look at the literature surrounding my research questions and take into consideration the research of other scholars. Chapter Three presents my personal research. I have included two interviews, one with fiddler, John Carty and the other with fiddler, Frank Gavin from the band, De Danann. Following the interviews, I present an ethnography taken from a gig performed by John Carty and his band, At the Racket. This ethnography

From 1801 to 1922, Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was governed at that time by the UK Parliament. During the 19th century, Ireland experienced economic difficulties, such as, the Great Famine in the 1840s. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, there was a push for Irish Home Rule. This would give the people of Ireland more control that Parliament. In 1919, a war broke out between the republican separatists and the British Government. In 1921, the British Government divided Ireland into two regions: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. There continued to be some upheaval between the Catholics and the Protestants at times.

Irish society has still changed rapidly in the late 20th century, the catholic church has lost a great deal of influence and the church attendance rate has come down dramatically.

Role of the Catholic Church in the Irish life in the middle years of the 20th century

Irish Home Rule gained ferocity during the 1860s with Irish Catholics resenting the Protestant minority who had most of the power and land in Ireland. Prime Minister William E. Gladstone introduce various reforms to protect tenants, although ineffective. And thus, “intensifying Irish awareness of cultural and national