LABORATORY REPORT Activity Homeostatic Imbalances of Thyroid Function

Laboratory Report/ Brent Good/ Homeostatic Imbalances of Thyroid Function/ Thomas Redenbaugh/ 12.09.2014/ Page [3] of

Week 3 – LOM Assignment The thyroid is responsible for taking iodine and converting it into thyroid hormones which are released into the blood stream and transported throughout the body where they control metabolism.1 The thyroid is a vital part of the human body as every cell in the body depends on it for metabolic regulation. Too much or too little thyroid hormone secretion can result in hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is caused when the thyroid secretes too many thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism causes a rapid heart rate, elevated blood pressure and tremors. Other symptoms include increased nervousness, inability to concentrate, weakness, restlessness, difficulty sleeping, frequent bowel movements, weight loss and irregular

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false? You correctly answered: d. All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the chemical bonds of ATP. 2. Thyroxine is You correctly answered: c. the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate and body temperature. 3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is You correctly answered: b. produced in the pituitary gland. 4. An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following? You correctly answered: d. goiter development 5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

The scientific, medical explanation about hyperthermia is that thermal regulation centers around the brain help to maintain the internal body temperature by adjusting the amount of salts in perspiration. Electrolytes help the cells in body tissues maintain water balance. In hot weather, a healthy body will lose enough water to cool the body while creating the lowest level of electrolyte imbalance. If the body loses too much salt and fluid, symptoms of dehydration will occur. The healthy human body keeps a steady temperature of 37 degree Celsius, in hot weather, the body perspires. As perspiration evaporates from the skin, the body is cooled, then the thermal regulating system in the brain helps the body adapt to high temperature.

A. Hypothyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone for the body’s

Most T3 and T4 released into the bloodstream are bound to proteins. Only the "free" component is biologically active and it is this component which decides the manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. The hormones exert their effects mainly by binding to nuclear receptors in cells to affect expression of genes.

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following statements about metabolism is false? You correctly answered: d. All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the chemical bonds of ATP. 2. Thyroxine is You correctly answered: c. the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate and body temperature. 3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is You correctly answered: b. produced in the pituitary gland. 4. An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following? You correctly answered: d. goiter development 5. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

The health care provider ordered blood work that included thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and radioactive iodine uptake to confirm the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The labs returned with an elevated level of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, while the thyroid-stimulating hormone was decreased. There was also an

A summary of the similarities and differences as noted above is as follow: Individuals with hypothyroidism, can experience fatigue, lack of energy, weight gain, hair thinning and loss, cold intolerance, and brittle nails (Lund et al., 2018). Adrenal insufficiency symptoms include fatigue, weakness, brittle nails, and weight loss (NIDDK, 2017). Menopause symptoms can include fatigue, mood changes, weight gain, hot flashes, hair thinning and loss (Lund et al., 2018).

In this paper I will explain how metabolism works and the thyroid gland function in the human body. First the two different types of metabolism: Anabolism, Catabolism and how the nutrition also affects the production of the thyroid hormone. Secondly, the function of the thyroid hormone, which organs regulate, consequences if the human body begins if it works to work to fast or too slow. Third, the different hormones that the thyroid gland produces and how it regulates the metabolism. Fourth, there is certain nutrients that help the thyroid gland to produce the hormone and also there is another ones that affect the production of the thyroid hormone. Last how the six different types of thyroid problems are found, the symptoms and how they

The endocrine system is the second greatest control system of the body and has many effects on the tissues and organs. The thyroid gland, which is a part of the endocrine system, releases a hormone that maintains metabolism. This hormone is thyroxine. Thyroxine production is controlled by thyroid stimulating hormone, which is released by the pituitary gland. TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine. In this experiment, the effects of TSH and thyoxine on metabolic rate are investigated.

Starting during prenatal development and continuing throughout life, thyroid hormones pay an important role in the cardiovascular system, the relationship in which has been seen to change in the case of thyroid dysfunction. The relationship between the heart and the thyroid has been demonstrated through a series of experimental and clinical studies and the results determined that in the case of hypothyroidism parameters such as blood volume and heart rate have been seen to decrease from 100% and 72-84bpm to 84.5 % and 60-80bpm respectively. The regular measurements of both the patients cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance have also been seen to change, shifting from 4.0-6.0 L/min and 1500-1700 dyn·sec/cm-5 to <4.5 L/min and 2100-2700

The thyroid gland is found in the front of the neck and produces two main hormones. The hormones are called thuroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3). Together these hormones regulate the body’s metabolism by increasing energy use in cells, regulate growth and development, help to maintain body temperature and aid in oxygen consumption. These two hormones are regulated by hormones produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The hypothalamus senses changes in body’s metabolic rate and releases a hormone known as thyropin-releasing hormone (TRH). This hormone then flows through connecting vessels to the pituitary gland which signals it to release another hormone. This hormone is known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH then makes

One of the biggest defining factors was the hormone output differences. Hypothyroidism does not produce enough hormones. Whereas Hyperthyroidism produces too much hormones. This is very important because hormones secreted by the thyroid gland help maintain the brain, heart, muscles, and other organs, and help the body to use energy

Thyroid gland (TG) secretes thyroxin and triiodothyronine (Garber et al., 2012). Its main function is to make hormones and main job is to produce hormones T4 and T3 (Mortimer, 2011). To do this the human TG has to take a form of iodine from the bloodstream into the human TG (Garber et al., 2012). This substance then undergoes a numerous of different chemical reactions which resulted in the production of T3 and T4 (Mortimer, 2011). In order to make T4 and T3, TG needs iodine, a substance found in the food, both T4 and T3 contains four atoms of iodine. T4 is then converted to T3 through the cells and tissues of the human body. More active hormone is T3, because it influences the activity of all the cells and tissues of the human body. Thyroid is controlled by hormones produced by hypothalamus and pituitary. Besides, these secreted hormones in the TG are essential for normal growth, better development and metabolic function. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the pituitary to secrete TSH which in turn acts on the TG to cause synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. Altered thyroid function is common and respectively the release of TRH and TSH enable feedback of the hormones on the pituitary and hypothalamus to inhibit synthesis. For example, a prevalence of hypothyroidism has been reported in the literature that up to ten percentage in the general population is possible expected to occur.