Literature Review

Venous thromboembolism refers to the formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel. While clots can form in an artery or a vein, this article focuses only on clots that occur in a vein ("," 2015). Critically ill patients are at an increased risk of a venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to VTE can manifest as a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or a pulmonary embolism (PE). Risk factors include venous stasis, vascular injury, and hypercoagulable disorders. A majority of ICU patients carry at least one risk factor for VTE; additional risk factors are considered to have a cumulative effect…it is impossible to predict which patients will experience a

The study was a systematic review of scientific papers selected by a search of the SciELO, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and LILACS-BIREME databases. Among the 2169 articles found, 12 studies proved relevant to the issue and presented an evidence strength rating of B. No publications rated evidence strength A. Seven of the studies analyzed were prospective cohorts and 5 were cross-sectional studies.

Another variable to consider when PCI is used is where the incision will be made. Kadakia, Rao, McCoy, Choudhuri, Sherwood, Lilly, Kobayashi, Kolansky, Wilensky, Yeh, & Giri, 2015) discusses the use of a transradial entrance site during resuce PCI. The article maintain that the transradial site is optimal and that bleeding is minimum (Kadakia et al., 2015). The article also mentions the inferiority of fibrinolytic therapy when compared to PCI. One could conclude that since the word rescue is part of the procedure name that it must be used in place of a failed therapy.

Both clinicians who are enquiring clinical questions and researchers who are conducting in-depth searches for systematic reviews come across a few

Each article found was systematically reviewed for the main population and interventions used in the article. The panel used existing systematic reviews as evidence. If the reviews were unavailable or out of date, the panel performed their own analyses. PICO questions were searched for by topic panels, that had the same bibliographic databases. “The quality of reviews was assessed using principles embodied in prior instruments addressing methodologic quality of systematic reviews, and wherever possible, current high-quality systematic reviews were used as the source of summary estimates. Reviews were also used to identify additional studies to complement the database

A cross-sectional survey was used to generate descriptive data and determine the current prevalence of massive transfusion composition and practices, as well as to evaluate changes in institutional massive transfusion practices in a pseudolongitudinal fashion by comparing the results to a previous study performed prior to TQIP recommendations(6). The survey was created using Qualtrics: Online Survey Software and Insight Platform (Provo, Utah). Informed consent was elicited on the first page of the survey prior to asking any survey questions. Variables about institution size and characteristics, MTP composition, and MTP utilization were created with input from eight trauma surgeons at the four academic institutions. To facilitate accurate responses, all question responses were multiple choice format with the exception of the questions asking for additional comments and the question asking the respondent to identify his or her home institution, which was kept anonymous and used strictly to avoid duplicate responses. Prior to distribution, the survey was pretested and piloted among several faculty members at the institutions listed above, and multiple rounds of feedback were incorporated into the survey. All questions from the final survey are listed in Table 1. Survey respondents

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the formation of a blood clot that causes some life-threatening conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and post-thrombotic syndrome (Hillegass et al., 2016). The risk of developing DVT in patients after surgery ranges between 20-30% and PE ranges between 0.2-0.9% (Soomro, Yousuf, Bhutto, Abro, & Mamon, 2014). Therefore, it is critical to identify the risk factors and initiate early thromboprophylactic therapy to prevent VTE. While working in an orthopedic hospital I came across several cases with clinically diagnosed DVT and PE.

It does not appear within the context of the study that the literature review has bias or undue influence on the findings but rather to support their validity as the method of the study and findings of this study are presented from a different perspective. However to maintain a balanced perspective we should consider the reasons that to date only one previous study has been a

The topic in this systematic review is clearly defined, initially in the abstract, and being repeated in the introduction. Yes, the search for studies and other evidence was comprehensive and unbiased as it was able to be. Strict criteria were followed as described in Figure 1. Yes, the screening of citations for inclusion in this review was based on explicit criteria, as they wanted to promote confidence in the outcomes appropriate guidelines were followed carefully. Yes, the included studies were evaluated for

unexpected, and reoperations are used to control bleeding and avert deaths. These procedures are often costly

Wade, R., Sideris, E., Paton, F., Rice, S., Palmer, S., Fox, D., Woolacott, N. & Spackman, E. (2015). Graduated compression stockings for the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in postoperative surgical patients: a systematic review and economic model with a value of information

Information and communication technology has been adopted and implemented within various sectors of the economy. This is attributed to the benefits of technology in facilitating organizational activities and processes and its use in meeting the changes which characterize the modern society. The health sector is one of the industries which have significantly implemented technology. The health sector’s technological applications have been achieved within health information systems. The implementation of technology in this sector has resulted into both positive and negative implications on health

The Leapfrog Group was formed in 2000 in an effort to bridge the gap between of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and practice (Brooke, Dominici, Makary, & Pronovost, 2009). One EBM practice that Leapfrog has promoted is the use of perioperative beta-blockers during AAA repairs (Brooke, Dominici, Makary, & Pronovost, 2009). A random control trial concluded of the hospitals partaking in the study, 26% reported compliance with routine beta-blocker use after surgery, whereas, 74% reported failure to implement the policy. The study showed a decrease in mortality following open AAA repair was among hospitals that adopted the beta-blocker policy, which was significantly lower than the mortality rate

We conducted electronic searches in 13 databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Institute of Science Index (ISI), Scopus, WHO Global Health Library (GHL), Virtual Health Library (VHL), New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report (NYAM), System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE), Popline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Clinicaltrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ICTRP and United kingdom Clinical Trials Gateway (UKCTG) to identify relevant articles. Also , we searched manually for additional potentially relevant articles . Studies were included if they were Randomized clinical trials comparing multi-vessel (simultaneous or staged) versus culprit-only

Each selected article was assessed for quality completed separately by the previous two authors using the Cochrane Back Review Group risk of bias criteria; greater than 6/12 indicated high quality or low risk of bias.8 The results from this assessment were included in the meta-analysis, in addition to another table with each study’s characteristics and results.