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Pakistan, Like Many International Countries

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Pakistan, like many international countries, contains a plethora of healthcare delivery complications when providing services to its citizens. This is immensely concerning for the international community because Pakistan is the 5th most populous country in the world, and the largest land mass in the Eastern Mediterranean. Littered with an array of different terrains, climates, and features, Pakistan’s land mass is approximate 800,000 square km. Geographically, Pakistan divides its providences into five large and one small, with an additional three territories. The providences are listed below in sizes from smallest to largest: Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakhtunkhwa, Khyber, Balochistan, Sindh, and Punjab. (see fig. 1) Over the last decade, …show more content…

There are rural “health houses” in local communities that provide some primary care services. Generally conducted by a female health worker, additional basic health units act similar to gateway medicine in the United States. The first tier follows an upward referral pathway to rural health centers, then to divisional administrative hospitals, and then to district hospitals. Pakistan’s government considers all referred hospital facilities tier level 2. The tertiary levels are teaching hospitals and are well-equipped centers located in urbanized regions with higher populations. However, despite being a well-developed and extensive healthcare infrastruc-ture, there continues to be a multitude of poor health indicators and less than optimal health care delivery. Motivation of the health workforce continues to be destitute be-cause of a disproportionate allocation of resources between the rural and urban areas. A lack of planning for a national health care policy contributes to the privation of morale within the healthcare industry. In fact, Pakistan has devolved its health services and related public sectors after the passing of a constitutional amendment in June of 2011. With the dissolution of the Federal Ministry of Health, the overall responsibility of healthcare services is relied solely on the shoulders of the providences. Therefore, Pa-kistan spends only a very miniscule amount of its GDP on health care services; with

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