Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone Lab Report

Then, 0.100 grams of pure benzil, 0.30 mL of 95% ethanol, and a spin vane was placed into a 3-mL conical vial with an attached air condenser. The mixture was heated with an aluminum block at 100°C, while being stirred, until all the benzil had dissolved. Using a pipet, 0.25 mL of an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was added drop wise into the conical vial through the air condenser. The mixture was boiled at 110°C while being stirred for approximately 15 minutes and the reaction mixture changed from deep blue-black to brown in color. The vial was removed from heat and allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture was crystallized in an ice bath and the crystals were collected over a Hirsch funnel using vacuum filtration and rinsed with ice-cold 95% ethanol. The solid crystals were transferred to a 10-mL Erlenmeyer flask that contained 3 mL of 70°C water. The flask was swirled while 0.50 mL of 1 M hydrochloric acid was added to the flask. With each drop added a white precipitate formed immediately. The solution was checked to have a pH of 2, if it was not, more acid was added to the flask. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and then cooled in an ice bath. The crystals were collected by vacuum filtration using a Hirsch funnel and rinsed with ice-cold water. The pure benzilic acid crystals were weighed and a melting point was obtained.

In this laboratory, cations were tested. Once separating them, a spot test tested for the specific cations contained in the solution. Being able to test for precipitates can be very useful

To begin the experiment, 0.565g of the chemical mixture (Excedrin tablet) was weighted using an analytical balance; then, the mixture was placed on a 20ml beaker. A vacuum filtration was set up using s Hirsch funnel and a 25ml filter flask. Then, 8ml of dichloromethane was added to the mixture in the 20ml beaker. The reaction mixture was stirred a few times using a glass stirring rod. Next, the solution was filtered through a filter paper placed in the glass funnel.

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11. Recorded volume of water displaced in the 100 (+/- ?) mL graduated cylinder #1 and other necessary quantitative and qualitative observations of the process and the products of the reaction. Then, washed out the Erlenmeyer flask for 5 seconds and used the test tube brush to clean out any leftover solution. Afterwards, allowed the Erlenmeyer flask to air dry and used the second Erlenmeyer flask to perform trial 2.

The appearance of the precipitate was shown several ways during the experiment. In the 100mL beaker, after both chemicals were added, it was shown as a dotted solution. It was then shown as a solid and a white color in

The reaction mixture was poured into ice, then vacuumed filtrated with a Hirsch funnel to

Preparation of 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol mixture: Isopropanol (12.5 mL, 163 mmol) and a KOH pellet were added to NaBH4 (17.8 mmol, 673mg) before 3,3,5 trimethylcyclohexanone (20 mmol, 3.16 mL) was added to the suspension. The reaction mixture was stirred (30 minutes, room temp.) and then added to brine (10.0 mL) in a separatory funnel. The product was extracted from the aqueous layer using 10% hexane (3 x10mL) before the combined organic layers were washed with brine (10.0 mL), dried with Na2SO4, and concentrated. The crude product was distilled using a vacuum aspirator to produce a clear, colorless liquid containing cis-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol (1) and trans-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol (2) (BP: ~105°C, 977mg, 38.6% yield), characterized

Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a substance that can only be detected in human tasting receptors if the individual has a dominant allele for that trait. This experiment analyzes a small sample of college students and uses PTC taste testing to assess the number of strong, moderate and non-tasters for PTC. It uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify these students’ DNA strands and assess their genotypes for the PTC tasting gene. The results show that strong tasters seem to exhibit a homozygous dominant genotype for the PTC tasting gene, while moderate tasters exhibit a heterozygous genotype, and non-tasters exhibit a homozygous recessive genotype for the PTC tasting train. The frequency of these alleles are predicted using the Hardy-Weinberg

First, the burette should be rinsed with the standard solution, the pipette with the unknown solution, and the conical flask with distilled water.

The phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) gene allows us to taste compounds that are bitter. Students are given two strips, one being coated with PTC and the other uncoated, and are asked to record how they respond to both strips. Nonetheless, the methods of DNA extraction and amplification are explained, and how students predicted their genotypes along with how it compared to their actual genotypes.

The aim of this experiment was to perform a reaction via a Sn1 reaction to prepare tert-Butyl chloride and test the effectiveness of the reaction by examining the reactivity of the product. To prepare tert-Butylchloride from tert-Butylalcohol, one must cause a Sn1 reaction to occur. An Sn1 reaction is a monomolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction, meaning that one molecule is involved in each step of the Sn1 reaction. First, the leaving group leaves. After the leaving group leaves, the nucleophile has enough room to form a bond with the carbocation.

Day one lab was centered on the conversion of the alcohol of 2-methyl-2-butanol to the alkyl halide of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. Initially 70 milliliters (mL) of the concentrated hydrochloric acid was gathered in a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The flask was then cooled for 10 minutes. A 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask was filled with 27 mL of 2-methyl-2-butanol. Both liquids were transferred into a separatory funnel and were swirled occasionally while being unstoppered for five minutes.

Then bromine was also added to the solution. Then the solution was stirred once more for ten to fifteen minutes or until the orange color had mostly disappeared and a white solid had formed in a colorless solution. After this, the precipitate product was isolated and filtered by using a Buchner funnel and was washed with cold DCM to ensure the removal of most of the bromine and any unreacted starting material as well as most of the D/L isomer. Once the product has dried, the weight of the product was recorded and the percent yield. The melting point was also taken to ensure that all of the unreacted starting material along with the D/L isomers had been removed from the

Then, distilled water was poured up to the 80 ml graduation. After, the solution was transferred into a flask. This procedure was repeated two other times, with the same quantities. The three flasks were put into a large container filled with ice. A thermometer was put into one of the flasks. When the temperature of the solutions had reached about 3°c, 20 ml of 0.100 M H2O2 was added into one of the flasks. This flask was briefly shaken and put back in the ice. The chronometer was started. Next, the same amount of H2O2 was added into the two other flasks and the time at which this happened was noted. Then, the time until the solution turned blue was noted