The Basic Architecture Of The Brain

Annie Murphy Paul started her Ted talk by asking everyone the question “When does learning begin?” While most people would answer preschool or kindergarten, where the child is under the guidance of a teacher, others may say anywhere from 0-3 years of age. This is primarily when children learn how to walk and talk. However, she explains that the fields of both psychology and biology have proved that fetuses start learning while they’re in the womb. Annie explains within her book Origins that the health and wellness of a child are effected during the 9 months of gestation.

There are things that we all need to learn in order to lead a happy life in dignity, be part of society and make use of our resourcefulness”.

Children develop cognition through two main stages that Jean Piaget theorized. The stages run from birth and infancy to school age children. Sensorimotor is the first stage and goes from birth to about the age of two. This stage implies that the children learn about the environment they live in and they learn this through the reflexes and movements they produce. They also learn that they are separate people from their parents and they can say goodbye to them and know they will come back. The second stage is called the preoperational stage. During this stage of development, children will learn how to incorporate symbols to represent objects. This is also the beginning of learning the alphabet and speech. The child is still very much egocentric at this point in time, but with the help of understanding educators, the child will grow appropriately onto the next stages of development. Finally, the children need to develop emotionally/socially.

• Reflect upon the role of learning and its importance to your personal growth and development.

The brain stem or the medulla is the closest to the spinal cord. The brainstem is responsible for most of the human bodily functions. The brain stem is critical for human survival and normal human functions. The brain stem is also responsible for information of pain and touch from the head and neck; it is also responsible for the inputs from the face and the mouth. Reticular formation is a group of neurons, nuclei, that are important for sleep and wakefulness. In reticular formation there is nuclei that are a major source of neurotransmitter serotonin. Serotonin is important for regulating mood and activities.

Between the age of two and six years, the brain experiences a rapid growth. By the age of six, the brain is 90% developed as compared to that of the adult. However, the child lacks experience and knowledge. The brain becomes a trainee of what happens around them and imitates what is

Many theorists and researchers have debated (and continue to debate) whether cognitive development is a continuous or discontinuous processUntitled (Crowley, 2014). Do cognitive processes advance with age (continuous) or is a child required to reach one stage of development before they can advance to the next (discontinuous)?

As the story begins one needs to understand how the cognitive development begins as a baby and the discrete stages of cognitive development, or “the emergence of the ability to think and understand”(Schater, et al, Page 319).

The cerebral Cortex is composed of folded gray matter in the cerebrum of the brain, associated with the higher brain functions, coordinations of sensory information, the ability to learn, being able to obtain memorys, and the expression of individuality. playing an important role in consciousness thin sheet of chells composed of billions of nerve cells and their countless interconnections. Each of the two hemispheres of the cortex is divided into four geographic lobes. Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal. The motor functions at the rear of the frontal lobes controls voluntary muscle movements involving planning, control, and execution. The sensory functions, at the front of the parietal lobes processes and makes sense out of the information

Developmental Psychology has widened my perspective and knowledge of the nature of development from humans’ infancy to adolescence and emerging adulthood. Although I have learned about biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes and periods of development, I am especially interested in socioemotional development in infancy because it is the foundation for a child’s future development. That is to say, if children have a healthy socioemotional development from infancy, they will have a healthy life later on. By understanding the developmental process in infancy, I will be fully prepared when I have children or when my family’s members do.

Neuroinflammation is inflammation responses in the nervous system. Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of all major CNS diseases. (Farooqui, 2007) In human body, inflammation in the nervous system, especially the central nervous system (CNS), can course severe diseases, for example chronic neurodegenerative conditions, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and even depression(Lucas et al.,2014). The structure of brain has its own features, which course the differences between inflammation in brain and other tissues of human body. The brain has several protective mechanisms. First, its own protective shield, the blood brain barrier (BBB), and second its lack of a conventional lymphatic drainage system. Third, it has its own immunoregulatory cells that include endothelial cells, microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. These cells serve to protect and nourish the brain and to maintain its homeostasis. (Gendelman, 2002(18)). Take Alzheimer’s disease as an example, there is an association between chronic CNS inflammation and AD pathogenesis. Neuropathological studies show that a neuroinflammatory response in the cerebral neocortex parallels the early stages of AD pathology and precedes the late stage, tau-related pathology. Epidemiological and genetic studies indicate that systemic markers of the innate immunity are risk factors for late-onset AD. (Eikelenboom,2010(17)). Experimental findings

The emergence of the ability to think and understand moves from being dependent on Actions and perceptions in infancy to an understanding of the more abstract aspects of reality in childhood to the underlying abstract rules and principals in adolescence.

If we would take a look around us, this world, this age and this moment; all filled with learning experiences. Learning is how we carry on knowledge; it is an astonishing strategy we as humans use to enhance our race. As

During my time at Accounting Firm X I learned many lessons that apply not only to accounting and the principles and practices associated with that subject, but also to life as a professional in a real world work setting. The purpose of this essay is to highlight my experiences at Accounting Firm X to shed light upon key learning experiences that can contribute to a holistic educational experience. In this essay I will first describe my goals and expectations. Next, I will go in to detail about my daily routine and how these exercises contributed toward the overall experience. I will then explore the overall lessons learned from my time spent at the firm.

During the first two years the brain is the most flexible and prepared to learn. At this time everything is new. Everything an infant does build brain connections. According to EDUCARER.org "Touch, talking and things an infant sees and smells all build connections if done with continuity in a loving, consistent, and