The Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is needed for proper storage and use of carbohydrates. Without it, blood sugar levels can become too high or too low, resulting in a diabetic emergency. It affects about 7.8% of the population. The incidence of diabetes is known to increase with age. It’s the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the US, and is the primary cause of blindness and foot and leg amputation. It is known to cause neuropathy in up to 70% of diabetic patients. Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.

Type-2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disease worldwide. According to the American Diabetes association (ADA), 1808 million people in the United States have been diagnosed with diabetes, and another 7 million are thought to have the disease but have not been diagnosed. (Hilaire, Woods, 2013). This disease has impacted everyone in some way. It is a controllable disease; however many individuals choose not to control it or are uneducated on how to control it. Many people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) also have hypertension, high cholesterol, obesity, lack of physical activity, poorly controlled blood sugars, and smoking. “Current evidence supports the concept that hyperglycemia significantly contributes to the development of both cardiovascular and microvascular complications of T2DM” (Chittari, McTernan, 2011). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus, accounting for 50% of all deaths (Campbell & Hillman, 2010).

It is a silent, deadly killer that often escapes blame. It is type 2 diabetes. According to the World Health Organization, 347 million people have diabetes worldwide, and 90-95% of these cases are type 2 diabetes. To make matters worse, it is estimated that around 25% of all cases go undiagnosed before it is too late. Even then, one’s death is often attributed to other things such as heart disease, stroke, or kidney failure. Type 2 diabetes is a serious disease that causes the body to become insulin resistant, hindering the body’s ability to process sugar, and it can be largely attributed to lifestyle choices and genetic factors. Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death, but this statistic is skewed in that the primary cause of death

Diabetes type 2 is linked to a number of health complications including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, depression, blindness and amputation. Up to 90% of patients suffering from diabetes type 2 is either overweight or obese, and this contributes to mentioned complications, that are thought to lower life expectancy in those patients. National Diabetes Audit XXX shows that there is a significantly higher change of suffering from a variety of cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infraction – 55% additional risk, stroke – 34% higher risk when compared to general population, angina and heart failure, 76 and 74% increased risk, respectively. Furthermore, people suffering from diabetes have 337% additional risk of minor amputation and 222% of major amputation when compared to general population. Risk of renal replacement therapy in diabetic patients is 164% higher than non-diabetic people. Despite the numbers, heart disease is still the most prevalent complication od type 2 diabetes in England and Wales. The risk of cardiovascular disease increases further for South-Asian diabetics and for people living in the most deprived and poorest areas, up to 50% more likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease when compared to least deprived diabetics. Patients suffering from diabetes type 2 and being obese are estimated to have a hospital admission due to heart failure twice as often as general population.

According to a study provided in USNews, there are regional issues when it comes to the rates of type-2 diabetes within the United States today (Seppa, 2011). The "diabetes belt" that can clearly be seen in the Southeast part of the country is one of these regional issues. Southern people, on average, tend to have a higher incidence of diabetes than people in other areas of the country. With that in mind, it is important to realize that there are various reasons why that is the case. It is not just one factor causing the problems, and it is not just the Southeast where diabetes is seen. There are other areas of the country where pockets of diabetes are seen, so no specific place or region of the country is immune to problems with diabetes. The following map shows the basic breakdown of diabetes across the country for the latest year where statistics on the issue are available (Seppa, 2011).

Many types of chronic diseases can have major tolls on individuals and their families. According to Merriam Webster, chronic is described as “Continuing or occurring again and again for a long time”. For many Americans chronic and acute diseases are a reality. As stated by Medicine.net, an acute disease is “Of abrupt onset, about a disease. Acute often also connotes an illness that is of short duration, rapidly progressive, and in need of urgent care.” Chronic disease is defined as “A disease that persists for a long time. A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more” (“Medical”). One very common chronic disease is type 2 diabetes. This

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease in which insulin is secreted by the pancreas in response to an increase in blood glucose levels. In T2D, the body makes insulin; however there is resistance of target tissues to insulin, leading to abnormal insulin secretion (Government of Canada, 2013). Thus, increased levels of insulin need to be produced in order to maintain normal blood glucose levels within the body (Government of Canada, 2013).With the growing epidemic of sedentary lifestyle in the Western hemisphere, there is an increasing prevalence in the number of diagnosed cases of T2D. There are many risk factors associated with T2D such as being overweight or obese, high blood pressure,

The diabetic disorders is a group metabolic disease that characterized by an insufficient of insulin secretion. Among the two types, the type 2 diabetic is the much common one. Diabetic type 2 (DT2) is a common disease that can affect a person’s life completely. According to Nilsen, Bakke, and Gallefoss, (2011), worldwide, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing yearly. There are many aspects that can cause a person to develop diabetes. As in the systematic review, there are some people who had some sort of predisposition genetic factors that may cause these people to develop a diabetic disease later in their life. Other cause risk factors that may cause a person to develop diabetes include population group, age, obesity, waist-to-hip

Type 2 diabetes can be treated if a person eats healthy, control their body weight, exercise regularly and eat at regular intervals.  According to a case study conducted in Bangladesh, diabetes currently affects 30% of its adult population either as pre-diabetes or fully expressed Type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is fast rising and is caused by the rapid changing of lifestyles in developing countries because most individuals are now purchasing fast foods more often, and they may not have the time to engage in physical

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes is on the rise globally, currently affecting about 366 million individual worldwide (3). One fifth of the world’s population is the South Asian community, which shockingly has the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes, globally. (1,4). “Type 2 diabetes is group of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both” (Hunter, 1999, pg.#). Type 2 diabetes is also known as Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, which is a non-communicable disease (*). This disease is often asymptomatic, showing no signs of symptoms in its victims in the early stages and could result in being undiagnosed for numerous years (Deepa, 2007 (5)). The number of south

Diabetes is a disease rapidly increasing throughout the world today, and it is often referred to as the world’s modern epidemic. According to The World Health Organization (WHO) there were 171 million people suffering from diabetes worldwide in 2000. They are expecting this number to be doubled by year 2050 with 366 million diagnosed people. The organization’s most recent “calculations indicate that worldwide almost 3 million deaths per year are attributable to diabetes” (World Health Organization). It is clear that diabetes is a huge problem in the world, and a research called “The burden of Mortality Attributable to Diabetes: Realistic estimates for the year 2000”

Diabetes is one of the most deadly, disabling, and costly diseases facing the nation at this time and the disease continues to be on the rise at epidemic proportions. Women tend to be hardest hit by diabetes with 9.6 million women having diabetes. This represents 8.8% of the adult population of women 18 years of age and older in 2003 and a two fold increase from 1995 (4.7%). Women of minority racial and ethnic groups have the highest prevalence rates with two to four times the rates of the white population. With the increased growth of minority populations, the number of women in these groups who are diagnosed will increase significantly in the coming years (Diabetes Sisters). By 2050, the projected number of all persons with diabetes will have increased from 17 million to 29 million (Chennai diabetes Centre). Some people may be able to control their type 2, diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet, doing plenty of exercises, and monitoring their blood glucose levels. However, type two diabetes is typically a progressive disease - it gradually gets worse - and the patient will probably end up have to take insulin, usually in tablet form. Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with a healthy body weight. People with a lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or abdominal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals that can

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the very prevalent metabolic diseases that affect about 6% of the population. The number of diabetic patients will reach 300 million in 2025. (International Diabetes Federation, 2001)

Type two diabetes is a condition where the cells of the body become resistant to insulin. Therefore, the body cannot produce enough insulin to maintain blood glucose levels and health for an individual. The extent of the cells’ resistance to insulin varies between individuals (Ministry of Health, 2013) (World Health Organization, 2010). The risk of developing type two diabetes is increased with high blood pressure, are overweight or obese, have a poor diet, smoke or do insufficient exercise. Also, there is a genetic predisposition in developing type two diabetes if a family member has diabetes (Diabetes Australia, 2015). Type two diabetes represents around 90% of all cases of diabetes and diabetes its related health issues amount to one of the leading causes of death in the world (World Health Organization, 2010). In NZ there are over 240,000 people who have been diagnosed with diabetes and another 100,000 who may not know they have it (Diabetes Australia, 2015)(Ministry of Health, 2013). In 2000, there was an estimated 171

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease; when the body struggles to produce any or enough insulin (Mayo Clinic, 2015). Lack of insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood. Today it is common to hear Diabetes Mellitus referred to as “Sugar” or “Diabetes”. Diabetes can be distinguished into two forms; type one and type two. Diabetes is one of the ten leading cause of death in the United States. There is a wide range of risk factors that contribute to this metabolic disease. For example; genetics, poor diet, race, or a combination of these factors can be a contribution to the specific disease. There is no cure for diabetes type one or two, but it can be treated. Today’s society is to blame for the risen cases of diabetes.