The Relationship Between Concussions And The Human Brain

Lastly, having multiple concussions produce long term effects on athletes. This was proven by a study performed that compared athletes with a history of concussions to athletes with no concussion history using a concussion test known as: Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT). This is a computerized test that measures memory capabilities to determine if an athlete has a concussion. It was taken by the athletes prior to their season to find a baseline level. This baseline would then be used to determine if someone has a concussion by comparing it to a post-concussion result of the ImPACT. Every athlete in this study was given the ImPACT test within five days of sustaining a concussion. The results from this

Concussions are complex cerebral injuries that result in a series of metabolic events within the brain. The changes are seen in the fragile neuronal homeostatic balances where changes in the elevations of glutamate and potassium have been identified. The effects of concussions have also been seen in the functioning of the brain rather than in the structure of the brain itself. Being identified as mild traumatic brain injuries, occurring due to a bump or jolt to head or neck, concussions can result in both short-term and long-term effects. Although most individuals are able to recover from these head injuries, a small but relevant portion of individuals have been found to suffer from chronic long-term effects including early onsets of Alzheimer disease, clinical depression and other cognitive complications. The occurrence of a secondary concussion during the recovery phase of a primary concussion, also recognized as the second impact syndrome, has been shown to increase the risk for long-term effects of cerebral and neurological failure as the neurons have become incapable of experiencing normal functions after an initial traumatic brain injury. The recoveries from these initial concussions are critical to prevent the onset of long-term effects.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) have always been a problem in sports and especially in contact sports like football. Since the beginning of football there has been different styles of head protection, from no helmets at all in very early stages to the modern day helmets we have today. In order to know how the evolution of the football helmet has made head injuries less common than they originally were, we have to know what is a concussion and how someone gets one.

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between having a previous concussion and then experiencing concussive signs and symptoms following head impacts. It was hypothesized that previously concussed athletes would have more severe and frequent signs and symptoms of a concussion following a head impact compared to athletes with no previous concussion. To test this hypothesis, 201 college athletes participated in a questionnaire. They were asked about previous concussions and if they experience concussive signs and symptoms when they had head impacts. After the results were all collected, it showed that nearly 60% of athletes who had zero previous concussions reports experiences signs and symptoms following head impacts! compared to nearly 80% of athletes who have had a concussion. These results show a significant correspondence between previous history of concussion and the reoccurrence of concussive signs and symptoms following a head

Concussions are a very frightening and dangerous injury. A concussion is a traumatic brain injury in which your brain rattles around in your skull. When you sustain a concussion, your brain may jolt as a result from the impact. This form of brain injury can cause bruising, damage to the blood vessels, and injury to the nerves. Concussions are the most common brain injury. Although concussions are the least serious, they should not be taken lightly. Back in the day, people were unaware of concussions and the symptoms associated with them. As a result, people today especially former athletes are dying from past concussions. (Cantu, R. & Hyman M., 2012) Many people have seen, heard of, or had a concussion and they are relevant to everyone’s life.

Psychology Professor at the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Louis De Beaumont, Benoit Brisson, Maryse Lassonde and Pierre Jolicoeur wrote “Long-term electrophysiological changes in athletes with a history of concussions” to inform certain individuals about the long-term effects that are associated with one or multiple concussions. Although De Beaumont’s article is strictly addressed to people in the medical or psychology fields, Jonathan C. Edwards and Jeffery D. Bodle wrote “Causes and Consequences of Sport Concussions” to inform active and former players of contact sports, coaches, trainers, and physicians of the consequences and many different effects of concussions. “Long-term electrophysiological changes in athletes with a history

According to SCI, a concussion is defined as a complex pathophysiological process that affects the brain (SCI, 2016). A concussion is commonly known as a mild traumatic brain injury, often sustained in sports, falls, motor vehicle accidents, assault, and other incidents (Cornell, 2015). A blow or jolt to the head that disrupts the normal function of the brain (Brainline, 2015).

A concussion is a type of mild to moderate brain injury caused by sudden hit to the head. This sudden blow can cause the brain to bounce around or twist in the skull which damages brain cells and causes chemical changes in the brain. Some symptoms of a concussion include “blurred or double vision, seeing stars, sensitivity to light or noise, headache, dizziness or balance problems, nausea, vomiting, trouble sleeping, fatigue, confusion, difficulty remembering, difficulty concentrating, or loss of consciousness”. It is important to note that you do not need to be knocked unconscious to have a concussion. Concussions cause damage to the frontal and anterior temporal lobes which are the very place where one’s emotions and self-control are located. Some concussion victims claim to experience loss of

These surveys were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Then put into categories of male or female, contact or non-contact within the division of competition. For the Survey, the coaches were put into groups on if they had or had not had concussion education which was the independent variable (t). Through the experiment they looked at what kind of education they got and if they feel it benefited them in being able to determine if an athlete has concussion symptoms. The type a validity reported was criterion based and to limit the potential of biased estimates they used the Levene’s test and then comparing the results to the analysis variance with Bonferroni. This test was used to limit any other factors contributing to the coaches’ knowledge of concussions that did not come from concussion education classes. The results of this study showed that out of all the coaches asked to take the survey the respondents were about 62% of males and 38% females, and out of those that responded about 55.1% of those coaches coached a contact sport. About 47.8% of division l, 17.3% of division ll, and 34.9% of division lll coaches responded and out of those that responded 67% of the coaches had received concussion education from their

During the time I’ve had to do this project I have come upon many interesting things that involve concussions. In my project I have researched what a concussion is, what the symptoms are, how more then one can affect you, and how you can receive them in different sports. On the right side of my trifold the section named “By the Sport” will show current research as to how and why concussions occur in various sports, how to prevent them, and finally what positions sustain the the most concussions in that sport. I've done all this research with sources to back the findings. Then, I will explain how concussions are different in adults and in children. In addition, I will share with the reader how concussions are treated at different ages. The learner profile I used in the summary of my project is Globalization and Sustainability. This is because I am explaining facts about concussions to the reader and showing them how concussion impact sports today.

A concussion is a brain injury from a direct hit (blow) to the head or body. This blow causes the brain to shake quickly back and forth inside the skull. This can damage brain cells and cause chemical changes in the brain. A concussion may also be known as a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).

The phrase concussion details an injury to the brain occur from an shock to the head from someone(Cunha 1). A calm concussion can affect a loss of awareness feeling dazed or a actual terse loss of consciousness from taking a blow to the head or being knocked down(Cunha 2). A harsh concussion can affect delayed loss of consciousness. A concussion outcome starting with a head shot that is close is a type of injury and do not consist of trauma when there is bleeding in the skull under it(Stoppler 3).

One could even have a brain scan, and it would not be able to detect if one sustained a concussion. Concussions are rated on a mild to severe scale. A mild concussion might result in a small change of consciousness. While a severe concussion could have symptoms ranging from unconsciousness, coma, to even death. A concussion is one of the most common sports-related injuries. Concussions have also been found to be related to CTE. In her book, McClafferty reports that, “17% of people develop chronic traumatic encephalopathy that have had repetitive concussions” (McClafferty 77). This helps support the link between traumatic brain injuries and concussions. Scientists, before brain trauma was considered an exceedingly serious element of sports, expressed their disquiet for football and long-term mental illness. A scientist by the name of Guskiewitz and his research group conclude that their “findings suggest that the onset of dementia-related syndromes may be instituted by repetitive cerebral concussions” (Fainaru-Wada and Fainaru 343). Ultimately, brain traumas known effects are expanding with each study that is done; it raises an even grander amount of concern for the safety of those who participate in sports.

In this article the author talks about recent studies in concussions, that show they may be more damaging to the brain than previously believed. Typically, after 7-10 days, concussion patients are considered good to go, simply because they have stopped exhibiting the symptoms of a concussion. Recently it has been discovered that structural changes to the brain caused from the concussion can last over 6 months to unknowing patients. The main structure of the brain effected is white matter, which is made of nerves and considered connective tissue. White matter is very important because it is in charge of sending messages throughout the brain. These recent findings have made doctors rethink when they should be clearing patients- Should they

A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head or body falling. In a sense any other injury that shakes the brain around. Your brain is a soft organ that is surrounded by spinal fluid and protected by your dense skull. Now if your head or your body is hit too, severally your brain can crash into your skull and be injured. A perfect example of a brain having a concussion is from the movie concussion in which is an American biographical sports film directed and written by Peter Landesmen and it was based on the book Brain Game by Jeanne Marie Laskas. The film star in the movie is Will Smith, who plays the role of the main character Dr. Bennet Omalu a forensic pathologist. Now in the movie the way Dr. Bennet Omalu explains what happens to the brain when getting a concussion injury is by putting a potato in a jar that is filled with water and shaking it. The potato is the brain and then jar filled with water is a human's skull with spinal fluid in it and when shaking the jar and seeing the potato bounce around and collide with the jar is supposed to show what is happening in your skull when you receive a head injury that causes a concussion.