Emmaline Milosek
Blain
APUSH
21 May 2018
Treaty of Versailles After four years of brutal combat, the first world war had come to an end in 1918. The end of WW1 called for provisions regarding international relations, especially regarding pending imperialist nations such as Germany. With differing opinions from powers such as France and
Britain, Woodrow Wilson and the U.S. had an important role in bringing the war to an end. The
Treaty of Versailles, officially placing blame on Germany for the war, was a set of measures to be taken post-wartime in order to institute peace worldwide and fairly punish Germany. The treaty, eventually defeated by Senate, was victim to criticism from a variety of audiences ranging from American citizens to the angered French
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As illustrated in Document E’s cartoon, the U.S. Senate was the dominant force in the rejection of the Treaty of Versailles. With similar reasons as U.S. citizens, Senate was able to act on their disapproval of the treaty, and was the overall opposing force that kept from the ratification of the clauses. Senate, split, like the rest of the nation, were separated into those referred to as “irreconcilables”, those who strongly disapproved of the treaty as a whole, and
“reservationists”, those who believed in initiating reservations, or slight changes before ratifying the treaty. The notable irreconcilable senators, both Democrats and Republicans, included those such as Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin, William E. Borah of Idaho and Hiram Johnson of
California. Idaho Senator, William Borah, was a key influencer in the ideals behind the irreconcilables, as depicted in Document A. Borah’s speech to Senate in 1918 assertively brings to light the truth behind the “peaceful” measures of the treaty, he states “In its last analysis the proposition is force to destroy force, conflict to prevent conflict, militarism to destroy
Versailles Treaty of 1919” (Rossel 9). The rules set up for Germany were unfair because
Correspondingly, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge also held an anti-Versailles position. Senator Lodge viewed the treaty as “suspicious” and stated more than once that a matter this important should not be rushed. “My one desire is that not only the Senate, which is charged with responsibility, but that the press and the people of the country should investigate every proposal with the utmost thoroughness and weigh them all carefully before they make up their minds”(Document 1). Lodge acknowledges that treaties are long and serious documents pertaining to the nation and
Northerners feared the advancement of slavery and Southerners feared the North would outlaw the practice. Each state that joined the union threatened to rip America apart. Though this unrest would eventually lead into war, during this period our congress managed to negotiate our Country together temporarily. The first of these negotiations that kept our country together just barely, occurred in 1820. Using the force of his persuasive personality Henry Clay constructed the Missouri compromise making Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state, It managed to save the union of at least a little while. Though this held our country together many people found this compromise to be insufficient and were in no way interested in compromise. Possibly the most radical and prominent of those who did not want compromise was South Carolina congressmen John C. Calhoun. Calhoun was a Slave owner who had become so singled minded in the defense of the institution many thought he was
In the early 1820’s Missouri wanted to be admitted into the Union. At this time the twenty-two states in America were evenly divided into two groups. The “slave” states whose state constitutions allowed slavery, and the “free” states whose state constitutions did not allow slavery. Each side had eleven states, making the balance between the parties’ power in the Senate equal. Missouri’s state constitution allowed slavery and admitting Missouri to the Union would have given the slave states more power in the Senate. The “free” states were against this happening. Henry Clay
Jay’s Treaty was one of the most hated treaties known to man, especially by the Democratic-Republicans. It had all started when the British would not leave the Great Lakes region of the United states due to the profits they were making in the fur trade business. To make things worse they were selling firearms to the Miami confederacy who strongly disliked the United States due to the invading of their land. The British
Britain and the US signed it on December 24, 1814. This said they would restore prewar conditions. This said nothing about the issues of impressment or neutrality.
In an attempt to stop America from trading with either the opposing country in the war. France and Britain both made laws restricting America's ability to trade with the fighting European countries. The Orders in Council passed by
Regional differences had already divided the nation, forcing both sides to compromise on the issues of the slave trade, foreign commerce and ratification. In agreement for the North to support slavery, the South would allow the government more power in regulating navigation and trade laws, which affected the North (who depended more on trade than the South). In addition, the Senate would not be able to ratify without the support of the Southern states. On the issue of slave representation, Southerners advocated for representation for slaves due to the greater power it would allow Southern states who were more likely to own slaves. However, because slaves were not able to vote and Northerners feared that this would grant the South too much power, the North opposed this
This would drastically change their way of life and make them dependent upon the government to survive. The treaty proposed the following:
It was suggested that each state’s contribution be determined by the size of their population, slaves included, something the South vehemently opposed. Southerner’s believed that only their white population should be taken into account, and that by counting their slave population, they would be unfairly taxed. This issue pitted the North against the South and resulted in a threat from South Carolina to secede from the Union. In 1786-87, the Jay-Gardoqui Treaty negotiations, under the Articles of Confederation, created a firestorm that threatened to dissolve the Union. John Jay, Secretary for Foreign Affairs, was trying to negotiate a treaty with Spain over navigation of the Mississippi River when he suggested, “that America surrender the right of free navigation on the lower Mississippi for twenty-five or thirty years in return for commercial concessions” (Glover 4). The treaty was never ratified because nine affirmative votes were needed and only seven were obtained, all from Northern states. The South feared the Northern majority, believing that it was willing to, at some point in the future, “inflict grave injury on the South” (Glover 5). The sectional divide was growing and would be solidified at the Constitutional Convention of 1787.
Lodge's treaty didn't meet the required amount of votes it needed to be ratified, simply because Wilson didn't like his changes. Later, Lodge would again try to run the bill through the Senate at a later time, where it would be shot down for a second time, this time more narrowly, by Woodrow Wilson's
Many Federalists opposed the Louisiana Purchase, warning of the dangers of westward expansion, that it might be laid as a barren desert, and that the Purchase would weaken the New England influence in national affairs by increasing Southern and Western interests in Congress. Apparently some of the doubts with the acquisition raised crises as it opened some loopholes for abuse and held that the Constitution did not allow for such territorial expansion or negotiation of treaties without the
The Neutrality Act was passed and this act tried to keep the United States out
The war between France and Britain would not stop. President Jefferson tried desperately to calm the reaction’s of the two European nations. Both France and Britain disagreed with America’s neutrality; resorting to impressment. Jefferson’s attempts failed. In 1807, Congress passed the Embargo Act. Torn with what to do, Jefferson believed this new law would greatly support America’s right to neutrality. Reporters outside the meeting heard senators arguing America didn’t have to pick a side, and that this bill will demonstrate to Britain, and to France, that America has the right to do that.
The Treaty of Versailles is the peace settlement that had been signed after World War One. The treaty was signed at Versailles Palace near. Many hundreds of people were involved in the process of the treaty. The Treaty outlines what could and couldn’t be done by European the countries and more specifically what German was allowed to do. Germany and its allies were not allowed to send any government represented, and had no choice but to accept whatever was decided.Germany had to accept the blame for starting