Type Two Diabetes Paper

In order to understand the cause and effects of type 2 diabetes on the body, it must first be asked “what is type 2 diabetes and what effects does it have on the body”? Firstly, there are two main types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. Type 1 is an auto immune disease which results in the destruction of the insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, the body cannot absorb glucose in the cells which is needed to produce energy. Type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1. Type 2 diabetes, rather than destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas, causes dysfunctions in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Type 2 diabetes is a condition that while insulin is being produced as it should, the cells are failing to respond properly to the insulin production. This is termed, insulin resistance. As the condition develops the body can stop responding to insulin completely, this is called insulin deficiency. Acutely this results in high blood glucose which can cause a variety of secondary illnesses. There are a range of causes of type 2 diabetes including genetic and environmental factors that affect beta cell function and insulin sensitivity. The majority of diabetes sufferers are obese with central adiposity. This means that excess adipose tissue must play a critical part in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The widely accepted reason for this is the

Type 2 Diabetes is a disease that is found in a variety of age groups around the world. This disease is growing at a rapid rate and it is impacting the health of this generation and future generations to come. Diabetes is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to produce or respond to the insulin hormone produced by the pancreas. The insulin allows for the glucose to be effectively used as energy throughout the body. Diabetes causes carbohydrates to be abnormally digested, which can raise blood glucose levels. This means that the glucose is not being taken up by the cells that need it. The cells cannot take up the excess glucose that has accumulated in the blood, so it is excreted through the urine. This can lead to problems with the kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and eyes because high blood glucose can damage the blood vessels of these organs. This diseased is managed by adopting a diet low in fat and high in fiber, increasing physical activity, losing excess weight, and not smoking. If this

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is the most common form of diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2012). T2D is so prevalent that it is estimated to be the fifth most common cause of death worldwide (Yates, Jarvis, Troughton, and JaneDavies, 2009, p. 1). T2D manifests when the body is unable to metabolize glucose properly, resulting in elevated blood sugar, debilitating fatigue, and other serious complications such as distal limb amputations, kidney failure, and blindness. The generally accepted causes of T2D include diet, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.

the serious issue that has impacted our community is type 2 diabetes and it is an issue that has offensively affected in new zealand at the minority percent of 90%-95% that by far the most common form affecting the people with diabetes. nearly 250,000 people in our community are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and this number indicates that our communities are not aware about the causes of type 2 diabetes and the major impacts it has in new zealand. my research question is how does obesity causes type 2 diabetes it also linked to this issue

The purpose of this paper is to show if periodontal therapy on type 2 diabetic patients can have an impact on metabolic control, compared to type 2 diabetic patients who do not receive periodontal therapy. The fact that diabetic patients have high risk of periodontal disease is well known. On the other hand, it is not much known that how the periodontal therapy impact the metabolic control in diabetic patients. It is important to discuss about this topic not only because type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common disease in worldwide but also because, according to the World Health Organization, current prevalence may double by the year 2030, and diabetes-related health care expenditures range from 2.5% to 15% of annual health care budgets. (Engebretson et al, 2013)

Diabetes has become a widespread epidemic, primarily because of the increasing prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is an endocrine disease in which the body has either a shortage of insulin or a decrease ability to use insulin or both. Insulin is a hormone that allows glucose to enter the cells and be converted into energy. Diabetes can be characterized as a prevailing, incapacitating, and deadly disease. There are a number of risk factors that increase a person’s tendency toward developing type II diabetes. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity and poor dietary habits are just a few. The

Since 2010 diabetes has affected more than 25 million individuals worldwide while over 79 million people are thought to be prediabetic (Hill, 2013). In order to combat this epidemic the American Diabetes Association has started a program, Por tu Familia, to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates within the hispanic community. Though this program is not available to every hispanic community it is a excellent start in the primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national diabetes statistics reported in the United States approximately 5% of the population has type 1 diabetes that’s roughly 1.25 million American children and adults. By 2050 5 million people in the US are expected to have type 1 diabetes. Diabetes kills more Americans every year, more than AIDS and breast cancer combined

Diabetes is a disease that is caused by high glucose levels due to a lack of insulin production. It commonly presents itself in two forms; Type 1 and Type 2. Although these both fall under the category of diabetes, they are displayed in various ways. Type 1 can appear in an individual at virtually any age. Typically, in Type 1 the patient suffers from an autoimmune disease that reduces the production of beta cells in the pancreas. The beta cells are responsible for the secretion of insulin therefore there is an insulin deficiency. The lack of insulin contributes to the instability of blood glucose levels. Common symptoms of Type 1 diabetes are polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, and weight loss due to the cell’s inability to absorb

According to the CDC's National Diabetes Statistics Report in 2017, there are currently 30.3 million adults with diabetes in the United States (2). Globally, there are 440 adults with this chronic disease (8). Diabetes most commonly occurs in people over age 40, however, we are seeing an increase in the prevalence of diabetes among younger adults and children (1). According to both the CDC and WHO, new diagnosed cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetes have increased among youth in the United States (2,8). The CDC suggests that approximately 215,000 people 20 years or younger have diabetes, with most cases being type 1 diabetes (1). During adolescence, snacking and selecting convenient foods are typical eating behaviors. Many of these foods contain

Patients with type 1 diabetes are believed to have acquired it through genetic disposition or an autoimmune abnormality caused by an environmental trigger. Essentially, the body’s pancreatic beta cells are destroyed, which in turn, inhibits the pancreas from either producing or secreting insulin. This caused a disarraying effect to all body systems. The cause of type 2 diabetes is said to be from an “imbalance between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion” (Ralph A. DeFronzo). The pancreas is not producing adequate levels of insulin, seizing production of insulin or the insulin that is produced isn’t being used well (Kullman, 2006, p.146). This is an issue because sugar stays sedentary in the

“Over 29 million people have diabetes. More than one and three adults have prediabetes, and 15 to 30 percent of them will develop type 2 diabetes within five years” (Pietrangelo 11). Diabetes are the number one health issue in America. There are two types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. However, Type 2 is the most common in America. Therefore, the knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes is important, so that people have the understanding on how to prevent or control it.

The World Health Organization (2016) defines Type 2 diabetes as ‘a chronic disease that occurs when the body cannot effectively use the insulin that is produced by the pancreas’. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form of diabetes mellitus. A number of individuals with Type 2 diabetes initially produce standard amounts of insulin, however, their tissues over time do not respond appropriately to insulin (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2012). Insulin resistance occurs in individuals with Type 2 diabetes, as a result of the human body’s cells reacting ineffectively to insulin. As a result of the cells resisting the effects of insulin,

Diabetes mellitus is defined as “a metabolic syndrome of chronic hyperglycaemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance or both”6. Common symptoms include “Polydipsia, polyuria and Polyphagia” leading to weight loss and fatigue. Increased osmotic activity triggered by high blood sugar level plays an important part in the pathophysiology6. Type 1 Diabetes is caused by failure of the Pancreas to produce insulin leading to insulin deficiency and patients depend on insulin for survival. The commonest variety, Type 2 is associated with insulin resistance (where body cells fail to use Insulin). It is closely associated with lifestyle choices such as lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle; unhealthy diet leading to obesity and high body fat/cholesterol and high blood pressure (commonly known as modifiable risk factors) over and above the non-modifiable factors such as age above 45 years, race/ethnicity, family history and gestational diabetes 4,6. Diabetes is associated with increased mortality and morbidity: nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy and vasculopathy7. However, if it is

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is characterized either by beta cell failure resulting in inadequate production of the hormone insulin (which is responsible for the uptake of glucose in body cells from the blood), or insulin resistance leading to decreased tissue sensitivity or response to insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia (Mahan, Escott-Stump & Raymond, 2012). Insulin resistance is when cells of the body in target tissues of the muscle, liver and adipose cells fail to respond to insulin, even if there is a compensatory increase in insulin secretion (hyperinsulinemia) (Mahan et al., 2012).