Essay on Unequal Childhood Chapter 1 Summary

Primary education, Supplemental tutoring, summer camps, secondary education, family activities, higher education, first full-time job, subsequent employment, present employment with the age of the person, present residence, second residences"(pp.336-340). He lets you look into the life of different people, some from upper-class families and some from lower class families. The reader can see for themselves that the way they are brought up, whether it is from and upper-class family or lower-class family, it affects them. It

The book Unequal Childhoods describes observations made by Annette Lareau to shed light on the significance of social class and how it affects student’s learning. Lareau presents her observations by highlighting the two dominant ways of parenting that ultimately affect how successful students become as they transition into adulthood. These styles of parenting consist of Concerted Cultivation where parents put through kids through structured activities, and Accomplishment of Natural Growth where unrestrictive freedom and directives are exercised (20-22).

The economic issues in American society have major effect on young on young children basic needs. Young children do not understand the economic issues their families facing in today’s society. In the short story “The Lesson” the author addresses the reader regarding social and economic inequality in America. In America lower family are suffering the most because of their monthly income and cannot afford things their children’s wants. Therefore, lower family cannot afford the expensive materials for their children because they have to think about their daily life styles. Also these lower families had difficult times affording clothing, food, house rents and other essentials. According to the article, “Children are especially vulnerable economically

Alexander Williams grew up in a middle-class household. The Williams’ household was typical in comparison to the other middle-class families from Lareau’s study. Mr. and Mrs. Williams took a “concerted cultivation” approach to parenting. They placed high emphasis on academic success and extracurricular involvement, and made sure their child developed the skills necessary to hold his own middle-class job in the future. This included communication skills, the ability to interact with authority figures, and to thrive in a well-organized but busy environment.

Lareau, in Unequal Childhoods, focuses on socioeconomic status and how that affects outcomes in the education system and the workplace. While examining middle-class, working-class and poor families, Lareau witnessed differing logics of parenting, which could greatly determine a child’s future success. Working-class and poor families allow their children an accomplishment of natural growth, whereas middle-class parents prepare their children through concerted cultivation. The latter provides children with a sense of entitlement, as parents encourage them to negotiate and challenge those in authority. Parents almost overwhelm their children with organized activities, as we witnessed in the life of Garrett Tallinger. Due to his parents and their economic and cultural capital, Garrett was not only able to learn in an educational setting, but through differing activities, equipping him with several skills to be successful in the world. Lareau suggests these extra skills allow children to “think of themselves as special and as entitled to receive certain kinds of services from adults” (39). Adults in the school system are in favor of these skills through concerted cultivation, and Bourdieu seems to suggest that schools can often misrecognize these skills as natural talent/abilities when it’s merely cultivated through capital. This then leads to inequalities in the education system and academic attainments.

The higher class individuals have more opportunity because of their wealth. They are able to pay their education funds and pay their way through the system. Whereas, lower class people have a difficult advantage because they don’t have enough money to fulfil their dreams. According to Semuels, “the distribution of that growth is more unequal, and more benefits are accuring to those at the top. Those at the bottom, are not able to achieve as big a share as they once did.” The economy is growing, so wealth is an important factor to achieve in America. Wealth is a major key to making through life in America. If they are born into wealth, most likely they will continue the legacy. Seldomly, the individual will

In comparison, another subculture, fatalism, was a belief that ‘whatever will be, will be’. This allows working-class children to lose self-belief and accept that they cannot improve their position through individual efforts. The third aspect of working-class subculture is the low value on education. Douglas argues that working-class parents show less incentive to help and encourage their children with their education and ultimately support them less. He believed that working-class parents placed less value on education and therefore were less likely to discuss their children’s progress with teachers. Correspondingly, Leon Feinstein (1998) found that working-class parents lack of interest was the main reason that their children were under-achieving and was a more important factor than financial factors. Feinstein argues that most middle-class parents provide obligatory motivation, discipline and support, thus they are more successful. Sugarman also argued that collectivism and present-time orientation acted as barriers to educational achievement. Collectivism occurs when a person values being a part of a group more than succeeding as an individual. Conversely, the middle-class infers that an individual should not be held back by

Poor and working-class parents were found to hold to an “accomplishment of natural growth” parental philosophy. Natural growth promotes a clear separation between children and adults, employs the use of directives, places little emphasis on the importance of verbal communication and eye contact, allows children greater independence, and promotes deference and submissiveness to adults. Inspiring and positive qualities can be found in children raised in homes exercising this perspective, qualities such

This week’s readings are following the theme of the class, and its connection to forming a family and child rearing. There are three articles that discuss the way children are raised, the effect of marriage on the class and on the growing inequality as well as the pressure that people face due to instability in their jobs and economic life. Connecting socioeconomics and sociocentrism orientation, class and family are shown from different angles in order to understand inequalities and class divisions.

In a child’s upbringing, the concept of social class and race plays a pivotal role in a child’s growth and development. In the ethnographic study, “ Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life”, the author, Annette Lareau argue that the influences of children with distinct socioeconomic backgrounds can determine how a child will be raised. The author primarily focuses on two distinctive practices of child-rearing: concerted cultivation and the accomplishments of natural growth. Lareau explains that both of these distinctive patterns of childrearing have their own benefits and drawbacks, but emphasizes on how concerted cultivation and parent involvement allows children to gain a deeper understanding of the world and the ability to fluently interact with social institutions. Also, the practice of concerted cultivation allows children to develop skills that are shown to be beneficial for the future. In contrast, the practice of natural growth limits the child’s language and communication skills, in which they are not adequately prepared for the challenges of adulthood. In my opinion, I believe that the way a child is raised has a significant impact on a child’s future.

Most of the middle-class families have gone through the decision of how much protection they should give their children. In the articles, “Bubble-Wrapping Our Children” by Michael Ungar and “For Some, Helicopter Parenting Delivers Benefits,” the authors explain what are the negative outcomes of over-parenting and the benefits of being a helicopter parent. In addition, over-parenting had made the children have emotional and psychological issues in the future, while helicopter parenting makes some kind of better relations between the parents and their offspring.

In roughly 95 million middle-class American homes the notion of making last minute plans to share quality time with family and friends is challenging. With their priority for leisure time being focused on their children’s futures, making plans often involves two to four weeks advance notice. However, 200 million working-class and poverty level families accommodate those last minute plans with ease. Parenting styles in American families is what Annette Lareau addresses in Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life. Lareau identifies middle-class families as concerted cultivators, mothers and fathers that dominate their children’s lives with established, controlled and organized activities intended to give them experiences that

Lareau argues that race plays almost no role in comparison to social economic class in how children develop and gain the skill set they use as they get older. Lareau emphasis that parents from different classes use different tools and methods in order to raise their children such as concerted cultivation and natural growth. Annette Lareau argues that class influences both educational and work outcomes. The conclusions she made early on in her book had been proven when she went back a decade later. The majority of those interviewed who came from a working class or poor family had either dropped out of high school or graduated, but did not pursue higher learning education. Of those interviewed in these lower classes, a couple did attend college but never completed any course or obtained a degree (Lareau 274). Another interesting find was that the majority of the

All families want their children to be happy, healthy, and grow. Social classes make a difference in how parents go about meeting this goal. In Annette Lareau book, Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life, she promotes middle class parents as concerted cultivation. Middle class parents encourage their children’s talents, opinions, and skills. For example, engaging their children in organized activities and closely monitoring children’s experiences in school. According to Lareau, middle class children gain an emerging sense of entitlement through this pattern of converted cultivation. This causes a focus on children’s individual development. There are signs that the middle class children gain advantages from the experience of concerted cultivation. However, the working class and poor children do not gain this advantage.

Another defining factor for social class is education especially since education is seen as an achievement toward the American Dream. (Lareau, 235). Younger generations seem to place more emphasis on achieving higher education and the occupational opportunities provided for those who are well-educated (Cherlin, 113). The socioeconomic stratification corresponds to those with differing levels of education such as upper/middle class individuals have a college education while working/lower class have some college and/or minimal high school education (Cherlin, 118-119). These individuals and their given circumstances based on education and income have different values and trends about marriage, family and socialization/rearing of children. (Cherlin, 114-117). Family inequality is then based on direct obtainment for individuals who are head of these households such as employment of fathers and mothers (Cherlin, 111), which in turn affects the childhood/family experience of child within the socioeconomic status of their parents. (Lareau,