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- 1 of 1 X 2. The following 6 pedigrees were determined to show linkage to a trait: Pedigree A: LOD = 1.8 Pedigree D: LOD = -1.2 Pedigree B: LOD = 2.2 Pedigree E: LOD = -2.2 Pedigree C: LOD = 1.0 Pedigree F: LOD = -0.6 A. What is the estimated overall evidence for linkage in these combined families? B. Which pedigree(s) can be conclusively excluded from being linked to these markers? C. How much more likely is linkage in the pedigrees with positive LOD scores than the families with negative LOD scores? 61 words 31₁ Focus LIM EBIU E I = E E 11 Section 2: Codominance 3. In shorthorn cattle, coat color may be red, white, or roan. Roan is an intermediate phenotype expressed as a patches of red and patches of white hairs. The following data are obtained from various crosses: Red x red all red White x white all white Red x white all roan Roan x roan 25 % red, 50% roan, 25% white a. From these results, determine the appropriate allele symbols and indicate which genotypes lead to which phenotypes. b. What are the genotypes of the parents and offspring in each cross above? C. Predict the results of a red x roan cross. d. Predict the results of a white x roan cross. acer. A true-breeding strain of Virginia tobacco has dominantalleles determining leaf morphology (M), leaf color(C), and leaf size (S). A Carolina strain is homozygousfor the recessive alleles of these three genes. Thesegenes are found on the same chromosome as follows:M C S6 m.u. 17 m.u.An F1 hybrid between the two strains is now backcrossedto the Carolina strain. Assuming no interference:a. What proportion of the backcross progeny willresemble the Virginia strain for all three traits?b. What proportion of the backcross progeny willresemble the Carolina strain for all three traits?c. What proportion of the backcross progeny will havethe leaf morphology and leaf size of the Virginiastrain but the leaf color of the Carolina strain?d. What proportion of the backcross progeny will havethe leaf morphology and leaf color of the Virginiastrain but the leaf size of the Carolina strain?
- Dihybrid Cross Practice In a breed of dog called a Doberman, black fur is dominant to brown fur and floppy ears are dominant to straight ears. These letters represent the genotypes and phenotypes of the dogs: EE = floppy ears Ee = floppy ears bb = brown fur ee = pointed ears BB = black fur %3D Bb = black fur 1. A female dog with the genotype BBee is crossed with a male dog with the genotype bbEe The square is set up below. Fill it out and determine the phenotypes and proportions in the offspring. Ве Ве Ве Ве bE How many out of 16 have: black fur and floppy ears? be black fur and pointed ears? brown fur and floppy ears? bE brown fur and pointed ears? be. a. A mouse cross A/a ⋅ B/b × a/a ⋅ b/b is made, and inthe progeny there are25% A/a ⋅ B/b, 25% a/a ⋅ b/b,25% A/a ⋅ b/b, 25% a/a ⋅ B/bExplain these proportions with the aid of simplifiedmeiosis diagrams.b. A mouse cross C/c ⋅ D/d × c/c ⋅ d/d is made, and inthe progeny there are45% C/c ⋅ d/d, 45% c/c ⋅ D/d,5% c/c ⋅ d/d, 5% C/c ⋅ D/dExplain these proportions with the aid of simplifiedmeiosis diagrams.Introduction: A dihybrid cross is a cross between individuals that involves two pairs of contrasting traits. To Predict the results of a dihybrid, cross all possible combinations of the four alleles from each parent must be considered. You will examine a dihybrid cross involving both color and texture. Purple (P), is dominate to yellow (p), and smooth texture (S) is dominant to wrinkled (s). Both parent plants are heterozygous for both traits. Review genetics and the use of Punnett squares in a biology text before doing this experiment.MATERIALS: Assume you have ear of Corn. You need a heterozygous X heterozygous 9:3:3:1, purple/yellow, starchy/sweet. PROCEDURE: From above please write out: The crop The parental (P) cross phenotype, genotype, gametes Cross between two F1 Selfed testcross 1. First let us use a Punnett square to examine the theoretical outcome of the Heterozygous X Heterozygous dihybrid cross. USE a Punnett square. REMEMBER: a phenotype is how the offspring will…
- FAlpQLSfiOhfAvlhxzCSiUll_6rt-nU5b0WI73UmWOxkOw8OCwk01ng/formResponse B 1 2 Bb x Bb b 4 The fur in both parents in this cross is * 1 B B Bb x Bb b 3 4 brown black O homozygous dominant homozygous recessive 3. 近Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. Identify the phenotypefor the following genotype Ff, FF, ff and determine if the genotype is heterozygous or homozygous. * For each row, you should select two columns. Purple flowers White flowers Heterozygous Homozygous Ff FF ff Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes. Identify the phenotype for the following genotype BB, Bb, bb and determine if the genotype is heterozygous or homozygous. * 口 ロ口. In foxgloves, three different petal phenotypes exist:white with red spots (WR), dark red (DR), and lightred (LR). Two different kinds of true-breeding WRstrains (WR-1 and WR-2) can be distinguished bytwo-generation intercrosses with true-breeding DRand LR strains:F2Parental F1 WR LR DR1 WR-1 × LR all WR 480 39 1192 WR-1 × DR all WR 99 0 323 DR × LR all DR 0 43 1324 WR-2 × LR all WR 193 64 05 WR-2 × DR all WR 286 24 74 a. What can you conclude about the inheritance ofthe petal phenotypes in foxgloves?b. Ascribe genotypes to the four true-breeding parental strains (WR-1, WR-2, DR, and LR).c. A WR plant from the F2 generation of cross 1 isnow crossed with an LR plant. Of 500 total progeny from this cross, there were 253 WR, 124 DR,and 123 LR plants. What are the genotypes of theparents in this WR × LR mating?
- CH 1-4 X с Maya S x Credib x app.wizer.me/learn/00E0AB wizer.me a Maya X A To-do 25% The table gives the genoty Assign x M Dashb x 50% Figurat X C In cows, brown (B) is codominant with white (W). The heterozygous phenotype is brown and white speckles. A farmer decided to cross a brown cow and a white cow in hopes of making all brown and white speckles. What percentage of the offspring will be brown with white speckles? Figurat X 75% Dashboard Incomp X d Interac X Enter class code Go 100%. In a dihybrid test cross, the following results were obtained: A‑B‑, 121; A‑bb, 107; aaB-, 115; and aabb, 93. Do these data approximate a dihybrid test cross ratio with independent assortment? Complete the following table and answer the related questions. Phenotype O E (O-E) (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E A_B_ 121 A_bb 107 aaB_ 115 aabb 93 Totals X2= Instructor’s Calculation of X2= 4.0367 In interpreting this X2 value, you have ____3_______degrees of freedom. In this case do you accept/reject the hypothesis that these data approximate a dihybrid test cross ratio with independent assortment? What is the probability that the deviations are due to chance alone?A family tree of sorts is called a pedigree. The symbols used for a pedigree are: female, unaffected female, affected ☐male, unaffected male, affected I 11 III 1 Pedigree Chart Minor Peta #2 Siblings are placed in hirth order from left to right and are labeled with Arabic numerals. Each generation is labeled with a Roman numeral. Therefore, the male exhibiting the trait in the pedigree below in the bottom, center would be identified as III-4. 1. Which members of the family above are affected by Huntington's Disease? 4. How many girls did II-1 and 11-2 have? 3. How many children did individuals 1-1 and 1-2 have? 2. There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease- you either have it or you don't. With this in mind, is Huntington's disease caused by a dominant or recessive trait? 5. How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related? 8 -Huntington's Disease