1. What do you suppose is the molecular weight of the molecule that gives the mass spectrum below? Rel Abund 100 80- 60- 40- 20- 0. m/z0 10 20 26 Rel Abund = Relative Abundance 27 30 45 40 50 55 m/z = mass divided by charge 60 72 70 80 90 100
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- 2. Answer parts a-e using the skeletal structure of the molecule shown below. NE # NC=N; + NÁ a. Add all implied hydrogen atoms to the skeletal structure. b. How many tetrahedral carbons are in the molecule? What hybridization do tetrahedral carbon atoms have? c. Consider the bond marked by *. Based on what you know about electronegativity trends, which atom in the bond is more electron rich? Draw a dipole arrow pointing toward the more electron rich atom. d. Label each N atom with its hybridization (sp, sp², or sp³). Based on the hybridization that you assigned, what atomic orbitals does each N atom possess? (Hint: Each atom should always have 4 atomic orbitals.) NA atomic orbitals NB atomic orbitals Ne atomic orbitals ND atomic orbitals e. Consider the lone pair on each nitrogen atoms. What atomic or hybridized atomic orbital holds each lone pair (sp, sp², sp³, s, or p)? Lone pair on N₁ held by Lone pair on NB held by Lone pair on ND held byProvide all reasonable resonance structures for each molecular structure below. Use curved arrows to show how electrons are moved and dont forget lone pairs. E 1. CH3 CNO E2. CHỌN -1 NCO E3. CHOCN E +1 4. O C S E5. N = N = O E1. CH CNO E2. CH3NCO E3. CH₂OCN E4. O-C-S E5. N-1=N+1=0 E6. CH H₂OTag all the carbon atoms with pi bonds in this molecule. If there are none, please check the box below. H_O_C .. HC H | H There are none. X
- Order the following diatomic molecules from most polar / most ionic (top) to least polar / least ionic (bottom). You will need to obtain additional information from the textbook. Top label: Most polar / most ionicMost polar / most ionic position 11 Position 1. Reorder Choice: HF HF position 22 Position 2. Reorder Choice: LiI LiI position 33 Position 3. Reorder Choice: H2 H2 position 44 Position 4. Reorder Choice: RbCl RbCl Bottom label: Least polar / least ionicLeast polar / least ionic3. Molecule: CH4 indicate the number of available electrons that are in the molecule. ae = Trial Structure: in the space to the right connect all of the atoms to the central atom and then make each atom follow the octet rule (duet rule for hydrogen). How many electrons are necessary in the trial structure? Circle the correct ne = ne = ae ne ae relationship between ne and ae. Draw the corrected Lewis Structure to the right. Add Later: e- geometry: molecular geom Hybridization:Use the molecular model kit to construct the following models, and then fill in the boxes for each molecule. When possible. show a resonance Lewis structure. Use formal charge, when possible to select the best structure. Follow example for CH4 below. Formula #VES CH4 8 NH3 H₂O CO₂ Lewis Structure H H-C-H H Resonance? (Y/N) Show N Electron Group & Bond Angle Tetrahedral 109° Molecular Polar? Geometry (Y/N) tetrahedral N VSPER Sketch H H 1 109.5° H H Hybridization sp³
- For the structure below, draw the resonance structure that is indicated by the curved arrow(s). Be sure to include formal charges. 0 Get help answering Molecular Drawing questions. Modify the second structure given to draw the new resonance structure. Include lone pairs and charges in your structure. Use the + and - tools to add/remove charges to an atom, and use the single bond tool to add/remove double bonds. CH3 N. CH3 N' Edit CH3 CH3 H;C H;C H.Tag all the carbon atoms with pi bonds in this molecule. If there are none, please check the box below. н —о —С —0 .. н —С — Н - There are none. O - U - IAdd lone pairs to the central atoms as necessary to complete the Lewis structures. Do not worry about the positions of the lone pairs on the central atom. Focus on the number of lone pairs. XEF2 SF, Erase Select Draw Rings More Erase Select Draw Rings More S F Xe Xe F :
- The structure below contains a charged carbon atom. Add the appropriate hydrogen atoms and lone pairs so that its valence matches the given charge.4. Write the Lewis dot (electron dot) symbol for each covalent molecule. Remember the number of unpaired electrons in the Lewis dot symbol of the atom determines the number of bonds each atom makes. If your molecule has unpaired electrons you are not done. If your molecule has the wrong number of bonds for some atoms it is wrong. Try a different arrangement of atoms. Working left to right will help you. Show loan pairs. a. HCN b. CH3COOH c. H₂CCONHCH3 d. HCCH e. C6H123. Write the Lewis dot (electron dot) symbol for each covalent molecule. Remember the number of unpaired electrons in the Lewis dot symbol of the atom determines the number of bonds each atom makes. If your molecule has unpaired electrons you are not done. If your molecule has the wrong number of bonds for some atoms it is wrong. Try a different arrangement of atoms. Working left to right will help you. Show loan pairs. a. CH3CH₂OH b. CHCl, Br C. CH3NH₂ d. CHỊCH,CH,CH,CH3 e. CH3SCH 3 4. Write the Lewis dot (electron dot) symbol for each covalent molecule. Remember the number of unpaired electrons in the Lewis dot symbol of the atom determines the number of bonds each atom makes. If your molecule has unpaired electrons you are not done. If your molecule has the wrong number of bonds for some atoms it is wrong. Try a different arrangement of atoms. Working left to right will help you. Show loan pairs. a. HCN b. CH3COOH c. H₂CCONHCH3 d. HCCH e. C6H12