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- You are working in a pathology lab studying the virus Examinaria in mice. You collect the following information about two competing Examinaria strains, Aggressive and Mild: 1. Aggressive always out-competes Mild within a mouse for a payoff of 1. 2. Mild co-exists with Mild in a host for a payoff of 12. 3. Mild always loses to Aggressive for a payoff of 0. 4. Aggressive competing with Aggressive in a host leads to early death of the mouse and a payoff of only 14. Make a payoff matrix to solve this game. Based on the payoff matrix, is there one best Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS) in this game? Yes, Aggressive is the ESS Yes, Mild is the ESS No, Mixed ESS4. Describing the data:a. In Figure 2a and 2d, what can you determine aboutthe ability of the parasite to infect its host? b. Figure 2b and 2e as compared to Figure 2c and2f, how did spore production correlate with theDaphnia’s ability to reproduce? (Note the y-axisindicates a decrease in Daphnia fecundity.) use the images on the picture attached!33. A strain of Salmonella that is defective in SPI-2/T3S genes will fail to A. be taken up by the host cell B. survive in the blood stream C. produce toxins D. survive inside the host cell E. secrete flagella proteins 34. Which of the following cells (below) is known to produce antiphagocytic M protein? A. B. C. D. ●●●● E.
- 1. Realize through computation the four form of the infectious disease: (i) Subclinical Form (ii) Acute Form with Recovery (iii) Acute Form with Lethal Outcome (iv) Chronic Form 2. From this model what is the simple model for Covid19 (corona) virus and how do you interpret. First 3 of the above mentioned 3 forms is applicable here. How do you realize through computation.2. According to the recent malaria report of the Department of Health, Disease and Prevention Bureau (2022), there are 4, 251 confirmed cases of malaria in the Philippines and majority of the cases are due to Plasmodium falciparum. P. falciparum life cycle includes gametocytes that will aid the parasite to reproduce sexually in its anopheline vectors. Examine Figure 2 below. Provide three (3) qualitative descriptions of the P. falciparum gametocyte. Write your answers in a complete sentence. Fig. 2. Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte in thin blood smear (CDC, 2022)1. Where does the Covid-19 reproduce? If inside the body say clearly where. 2. How does the Covid-19 leave the body? 3. How does the Covid-19 usually get into the next person to infect them? 4. Describe and explain 3 factors that will affect the spread of the Covid-19. Say if the factor makes the disease more or less likely to spread. 5. Explain at least one other way the Covid-19 can spread.
- Which of the following is a commonality between coxsackievirus A16 infection and a varicella zoster infection?Choose one: A. Both infections are caused by viruses in the herpes family. B. Each disease is usually mild and self-limiting in children but is more severe in adults. C. Both viruses can cause a spotted rash to appear on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. D. There is a vaccine available for both viruses.Which of the following is not a factor in the rise of drug-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii?a. It is very widespread in many habitats.b. It has acquired greater toxicity.c. It readily acquires genetic material from other species.d. The hospital environment brings together vulnerable patients anddrugs.7. Penicillin is one the first antibiotic ever discovered, and has been used since the 1940s. a. Explain how penicillin works. b. List one possible mechanism by which a bacterium may be resistant to penicillin. c. Explain how a resistant bacterium passes the resistance on to its progeny. d. What is the type of transmission described in question c called?
- Think about the cells that viruses infect. Pick out the correct statements below. A. The host cell has some particular thing - be it machinery, chemistry or whatever - that the virus MUST have in order to successfully reproduce. B. Viruse generally don't care what cells they infect. C. Viruses can only replicate in particular hosts and tissues. D. The host range or tissue specficity means the specific type of cells the virus infects. Example - rabies infects neural cells.35 The main reason(s) for the inability to fully eradicate Malaria until today is... Select one: ut of O a. More than one answer is correct uestion O b. The infectious agents hide inside the liver and RBCS in the body O c. There are 2 hosts in the lifecycle of malaria O d. There are too many versions of the infectious agent that makes it difficult to target and kill O e. The mosquito which carries the plasmodium fly's too fastDuring this outbreak, some people sickened with listeriosis testedpositive for Listeria monocytogenes in their bloodstream, but a DNAprofile of the bacterium showed that it was not the outbreak strain.What likely conclusion can be drawn from this information?a. It is a false positive. b. The person is not part of the outbreak.c. Listeria monocytogenes mutates frequently, making DNAprofiling unreliable.d. The person has already begun to recover from the disease.