21. A 20% increase in which of the following would be most effective in achieving the greatest increase in oxygen content of pulmonary capillary blood in a perfectly homogeneous lung inhaling air at sea level? A) Cardiac output B) Hemoglobin concentration C) Hemoglobin P50 D) Inspired O2 concentration E) Ventilation Please explain the reasoning for each choice. I understand that other choices says its D but please tell me why it's not the other.

21. A 20% increase in which of the following would be most effective in achieving the greatest increase in oxygen content of pulmonary capillary blood in a perfectly homogeneous lung inhaling air at sea level? A) Cardiac output B) Hemoglobin concentration C) Hemoglobin P50 D) Inspired O2 concentration E) Ventilation Please explain the reasoning for each choice. I understand that other choices says its D but please tell me why it's not the other.

Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory Care: An Integrated Approach

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285244662

Author:White

Publisher:White

Chapter25: Continuous Mechanical Ventilation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SEPT

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42. A healthy 35-year-old woman is breathing room air while standing. Which of the following best explains why alveoli at the top of the lungs have a higher Po, than alveoli at the of the lungs in this woman?A) Higher perfusion per unit lung volumeB) Higher ratio of ventilation to perfusionC) Higher ventilation per unit lung volumeD) Lower perfusion per unit lung volumeE) Lower ratio of ventilation to perfusionF) Lower ventilation per unit lung volume
60 A 55-year-old woman with severe pulmonary fibrosis undergoes pulmonary function testing. Which of the following findings is most likely in this patient? OA) Decreased FEV, FVC ratio ● B) Decreased lung compliance OC) Decreased work of breathing O O O O O OD) Increased expiratory reserve volume E) Increased functional residual capacity Increased residual volume G) Normal total lung capacity OF)
80. A 20% increase in which of the following would be most effective in achieving the greatest increase in oxygen content of pulmonary capillary blood in a perfectly homogeneous lung inhaling air at sea level? OA) Cardiac output OB) Hemoglobin concentration O c) Hemoglobin P50 OD) Inspired O₂ concentration O E) Ventilation
14. During an experiment, type II pneumocytes are found to produce a phospholipid-protein mixture that decreases alveolar surface tension. This decrease is most likely to have which of the following effects? A) Decreased alveolar Pco₂ B) Decreased compliance C) Decreased oxygen diffusing capacity D) Increased alveolar Pc02 E) Increased compliance F) Increased oxygen diffusing capacity
11. If lung compliance decreases with advancing age, in the absence of other changes: a) the work of breathing would increase. b) the lungs would be easier to inflate. c) lung elastance would decrease d) airway resistance would increase during inspiration
4. The diffusing capacity of the lung for oxygen is decreased by an increase in which of the following? A) Alveolar membrane thickness B) Alveolar surface area C) Hematocrit D) Pulmonary capillary blood transit time E) Pulmonary capillary blood volume
What is the primary goal of oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A) To decrease carbon dioxide levels B) To increase oxygen saturation C) To improve exercise tolerance D) To reduce respiratory rate
1. If lung compliance decreases with advancing age, in the absence of other changes: a) the work of breathing would increase. b)the lungs would be easier to inflate. c) lung elastance would decrease d) airway resistance would increase during inspiration 12. Assume a normal female with a resting tidal volume of 400 mL, respiratory rate of 13 breaths/min, and dead space of 125 mL. When she exercises, which of the following scenarios would be most efficient for increasing her oxygen delivery to the lungs? a) increase respiratory rate to 20 breaths/min but no change in tidal volume b) increase tidal volume to 550 mL but no change in respiratory rate c) increase tidal volume to 500 mL and respiratory rate to 15 breaths/min
88. A 25-year-old man has shortness of breath after working in a dusty room. Airway resistance is increased. Most of the increased resistance occurs at which of the following sites? A) Conducting bronchioles B) Larynx C) Main bronchus D) Oropharynx E) Respiratory bronchioles F) Trachea
3) An increased Pco2 leads to a(n): A) increased respiratory rate B) decreased respiratory rate C) no change in respiratory rate
13. Draw and label the following graphs: a) Graph the effect of ventilation on arterial PCO2. b) Graph the effect of ventilation on arterial PO2. c) Graph the changes in PO2 in the trachea during one respiratory cycle. The Y-axis should include accurate numerical values.
Match the following statements about ventilation and respiration with whether it is true or false A)intrapulmonary pressure must be higher than atmospheric pressure in order to inhale B)as the volume of a vessel increases, the pressure decreases C)the presence of a thin layer of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura allows us to increase the size of our lungs D)exhaling is an active process requiring muscle contraction E)elastic recoil decreases the volume of the lungs