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- You are interested in performing indirect immunofluorescence light microscopy to observe the localization of the catalase enzyme in the cultured HeLa cells, obtained historically from the cervical tumor of Henrietta Lacks. You were going through the lab stock and found a few primary and secondary antibodies. Which of the following secondary antibody can you use in your experiments? O All of the mentioned antibodies can be used in the experiment Goat anti-human antibody conjugated to 10 nm gold Goat-anti-human catalase conjugated to 10 nm gold O Human anti-catalase antibody conjugated to fluorescent rhodamine Goat anti-human antibody conjugated to fluorescent rhodamineFrom: "Towards a universal flu vaccine" Each year, the flu vaccine includes antigens from two strains of Influenza A and two strains of Influenza B. These antigens are from the head of the H spikes an area that sticks out from the virus and so, is very easy for human immune cells to detect. However, the problem with using the head of the H spike as an antigen is... O The H spike head mutates very rapidly, so quickly changes to forms not recognized by human immune cells. O The H spike head is exposed on the surface of the virus for only a short period of time. Viruses quickly pull the H spikes back inside the virus, shiclding them from human immune cells. O The H spike head is often too big for the human immune cells to attack. O The H spike head is often too small for the human immune cells to bind to.Patient A, who is a recipient of USA-based poly X8650-CA vaccine for its autoimmune allergic rhinitis often visits the doctor twice a month to complain for “idiopathic colds”. Meanwhile Patient B, who is currently taking DOH pilot-used trial 1 mono E2128-PH vaccine for the same condition do not have to visit its doctor. Based on the principles of the antibody production, can you explain why patient A visits more often?
- 5) The immunoblot shows probing of samples taken from a time course after treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Recall that the proteasome is responsible for selectively degrading only those proteins that have been tagged with ubiquitin. The left indicates the antibody that is used to detect protein for each panel. P53 P27 AGR2 GAPDH MG132 (h) 0 0.5 1 2 4 8 12 24 Image from Wang et al., (2019) Oncogene 38:3458-3474. a) What effect does MG132 have on each protein? What does this tell you about each of these proteins? ● P53 P27 AGR2 GAPDH b) How do we know that the differences we observe in the proteins is not due to un- equal loading of samples into each lane of the gel?6) What can you say about inactivated vaccines, what lies behind the concerns about their use and what do you think recombinant vaccines are more advantageous than inactive vaccines. If yes, please discuss briefly.1.How did the explanation of Virchow and Remak for the origin of cells differ from that of Schleiden and Schwann? Explain the mechanism as to how the following can be used to visualize cells in antibodies and fluorescent dyes. 3. Aside from hematoxylin, what dyes are commonly used in preparing histological slides? List and indicate when the dyes can be used, or on what samples can the dyes be used on. Please answer all questions
- To test what is the optimal vaccine for disease X, we vaccinated 4 people at different concentrations of killed pathogen. a. Is it an active or passive vaccine? Explain your answer. b. Which of the subjects was vaccinated with a high concentration of killed pathogen? Which of the people get a very low concentration of Killed pathogen? Explain your answer. c. If an epidemic breaks out 100 days after the first vaccination, which of the people in the figure should be vaccinated so as not to Will get sick? Which vaccine will you choose? d. Describe in words and illustration what the response of the vaccine will look like in person 1 and in person 3 following another vaccine 70 Days after the first vaccination. What feature of the immune system is expressed here? e. . Is it the innate or acquired immune system? Explain your answer. f. If an epidemic of another disease breaks out, are these people vaccinated against it? Explain your answer.What feature of the immune system is expressed here?Which of the following is true? a. conjugated vaccines are always those in which there is more than one vaccine anigen b. prevnar is conjugated vaccine c. conjugation involves ttaching a polysaccharide antigen to a carbohydrate carrier d. Conjugated vaccines tend to induce a poorer immune response than polysaccharide vaccine e. Pneumovax is a conjugated vaccine thank you!!!Nhich of the following enables almost all cells of the body to be recognized by an individual's immune system as "self"? O The presence of class II MHC molecules on cell surfaces The presence of ABO antigenic markers on cell surfaces O The presence of Ig D molecules on cell surfaces O The presence of class I MHC molecules on cell surfaces QUESTION 2 In a vaccine preparation, the term "attenuated" means that the agent does NOT replicate. O True O False QUESTION 3 Opsonizing protein must attached be against O protein O phagocytic O internal components if they are to effectively stimulate phagocytosis. O surface
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