4. Desulfovibrio africanus is an organotroph that carries out anaerobic respiration using two of the redox couples below to generate energy and reducing power. Thiobacillus denitrificans is a chemolithotroph that uses the waste product of Desulfovibrio's e transport system as a source of e, and also carries out anaerobic respiration using one more of the redox couples. Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of its e donor? Show your work. C3H403/C3H8O3(-0.28 V) 0₂/H₂O (+0.82) NO₂/N2 (+0.38 V) S2O32/H₂S (-0.18 V)

4. Desulfovibrio africanus is an organotroph that carries out anaerobic respiration using two of the redox couples below to generate energy and reducing power. Thiobacillus denitrificans is a chemolithotroph that uses the waste product of Desulfovibrio's e transport system as a source of e, and also carries out anaerobic respiration using one more of the redox couples. Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of its e donor? Show your work. C3H403/C3H8O3(-0.28 V) 0₂/H₂O (+0.82) NO₂/N2 (+0.38 V) S2O32/H₂S (-0.18 V)

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter17: Metabolism: An Overview

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18P

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3. Listed below are four redox couples. An organotroph uses compounds from two of these to carry out anaerobic respiration. A lithotroph uses compounds from two different couples to carry out aerobic respiration. Arrange these compounds into the redox towers below, showing which compounds would be the e donors and acceptors for the two organisms, and how many moles of e would be transferred per mole of donor. Fe(OH)3/Fe +2 (E = -0.16V); SO4²/S (E = -0.25V); C₂H₂O2 /C4H6O2 (E= -0.20V); O₂/H₂O (E=0.82V) lithotroph I organotroph I Which organism would produce the most energy per mole of e donor? Show your work.
provide 6 beneficial products derived from anaerobic respiration
c) Explain why the proton Mitchel's proton gradient mechanism is implausible. What is the most important of these and what is the compelling evidence to support these that some of the tenets of chemiosmotic theory need revision.
26. Identify the correct statement that best describes about the chemiosmotic mechanism. * A. Explains about the transport of Na+ and K+ across cell membranes is by active transport. O B. Explains how transport by facilitated diffusion reaches a saturation limit. O C. A process in which proton gradient that drives the formation of ATP. O D. Explains about cytochromes which phosphorylate ADP to form ATP. 27 When oygen is present, determine the number of ATP yield per glucose
17. Which of the following chemical formula summarizes cellular respiration? Group of answer choices 6CO2 + 6O2 + light energy  6H2O + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP C6H12O6 + 6H2O  6O2 + 6CO2 + ATP
waste product of anaerobic respiration by animal cells seous product of the Krebs cycle udent set up the apparatus shown below, one with germinating seeds and one with dry seeds. The ssium hydroxide (KOH) in each tube will absorb any carbon dioxide in the test tube so that carbo ide released will not affect the volume of gas in the test tube. This ensures that the volume of gen gas in the test tube is the variable being measured. student left the apparatus for 30 minutes in a warm, dark room and then measured the location c droplet of dye. What are the expected results? t tube A dry seeds -KOH d Test tube B Time left 1:01 germinating seeds -KOH lect one: a. In test tube B, the droplet moved to the left, indicating that oxygen was used by the germinatim seeds as they were growing. b. In test tube the droplet moved to the left, indicating that oxygen was released by the dry seeds. 40 Oc. In test tube B, the droplet moved to the left, indicating that oxygen was released by the germinating…
3. How does oxidative phosphorylation differ from substrate-level phosphorylation? 4. Why must autotrophic organisms also respire or ferment in addition to fixing CO2?
Based on the diagram below, which of the following statements is TRUE D E ATP с 1) Frequires ATP directly 2) B is an example of symport 3) B is gradient driven 4) B is an example of antiport 5) None of the above are true 3 ⁹999 H S
3) Compare the chemiosmotic process in aerobic respiration to the similar process seen in photosynthesis.
4. The diagram below illustrates time dependent O₂ uptake by isolated skeletal muscle mito- chondria under various conditions that affect the rate of respiration. The following abbreviations with arrows indicate when addition of various ingredients is made to the reaction chamber: The vertical, red lines have been added to help delineate time intervals corresponding to addition and metabolic con- version of ADP. Abbreviations: Med addition of 0.3 M sucrose; Pi: addition of 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4; Mw: addition of isolated, intact mitochondria; Pyr + Mal: addition of 0.01 M pyruvate + 0.01 M malate; ADP : addition of adenosine 5'-diphosphate; Oligo/mg: addition of oligomycin/mg protein; FCCP : addition of the uncoupler FCCP. Med Pyr+Mal P₁ 190μM ADP ↓ 20μM 02 T H 190μM ADP I Minute 475μM ADP 2μM FCCP 13μg Oligo/mg -[0₂] = 0 ATP [ATP] = 0 ApH = (pH matrix -pHout) ApH = 0 Start Finish (a) Why is there an increase in the rate of O2 uptake for the first two additions of ADP and why…
4. An obligate aerobe growing in an oxygenated environment is suddenly moved to an environment without oxygen. Explain what would happen to its metabolic pathways. Start with the Electron Transport Chain and work your way backwards to glycolysis.
How can chemolithotrophs create a membrane pH gradient if they are not using traditional proton transporters such as complex I or IlI? a. They do not create pH gradients for use by the ATP synthase. b. Oxidation of extracellular substrates creates 'holes' in the membrane allowing protons to leak. c. Oxidation of extracellular substrates utilizes H2O as the oxygen source. This produces 2H+. d. Instead of increasing proton concentration in the periplasmic space, these microorganisms neutralize protons in the cytoplasm.