5’-CCTAGACCATAACAT-3’ What happens to the amino acid sequence above as a result of each of the following mutations in the DNA: Substitution of A with T at position 4? Addition of T between positions 8 and 9? Substitution of A with T at position 11? Deletion of A at position 12? Substitution of C with T at position 7? State the type of mutation for each of the base changes indicated.

5’-CCTAGACCATAACAT-3’ What happens to the amino acid sequence above as a result of each of the following mutations in the DNA: Substitution of A with T at position 4? Addition of T between positions 8 and 9? Substitution of A with T at position 11? Deletion of A at position 12? Substitution of C with T at position 7? State the type of mutation for each of the base changes indicated.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter30: Protein Synthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6P

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pppApCpCpUpApGpApU-OH(a) Using the straight-chain sugar convention, write the structure of the DNA strand that encoded this short stretch of RNA.(b) Using the simplest convention for representing the DNA base sequence, write the structure of the nontemplate DNA strand.
5’-GATCAGCTGACTGGATCCGTCCTCAACGTCAGGATCCAGCTTCAAG-3’ 1. How many cuts do you expect this enzyme to make on the above DNA and how many fragments do you expect to see on your gel? Assume that they are all different sizes.
29.) equalities now called Chargaff's rule. Biochemist Erwin Chargaff was the first to note that, in DNA, [A]=[T] and [G]=[C], A) Using this rule, determine the percentages of all the bases in DNA that is 20% thymine. [A] = [C] = [G] [T] = 20% %3D - B) If a single strand of RNA is 20% uracil, what can you predict about the percentages of the remaining bases and why?
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If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and the DNA template strand is complementary to the DNA nontemplate strand, then why are base sequences of mRNA and the DNA nontemplate strand not identical? Could they ever be?
Codon-Anticodon Recognition: Base-Pairing Possibilities (Integrates with Chapter 11.) Draw base-pair structures for (a) a G:C base pair. (b) a C:G base pair. (C) a G:U base pair, and (d) a U:G base pair. Note how these various base pairs differ in the potential hydrogen-bonding patterns they present within the major groove and minor groove of a double-helical nucleic acid.
When Chargaffwas performing his experiments, the tetranucleotide hypothesis, which stated that DNA was composed of GACT nucleotide repeats, was the most widely accepted view of DNA’s composition. How did Chargaff disprove this hypothesis?
48 Second letter If any single nucleotide is deleted from the DNA sequence shown below, what type of mutation is this? UUU U UUC UUA UCU Phe UCC UAU UGU Cys ANTISENSE 5' GGACCCTAT3' UAC Tyr UGC UAA Stop UGA Stop UAG Stop UGG Trp Ser UCA Leu UUGL" UCG CUU CU CAU) His CAC) CGU CGC CGA Arg CUC C Leu Pro CAA1 Gin CAG) CUA CCA CUG CG CGG AAU AAC Asn AGC AAA AAG Lys AGG Arg AUU ACU AGU Ser AUC lle ACC Thr AUA ACA AGA AUG Met ACG GCU GCC GUU GAU] GGU GUC Val GAC Asp GGC Ala Gly GUA GCA GAA GGA Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a FRAMESHIFT SILENT NONSENSE MISSENSE Third letter First letter
Restriction sites of Lambda (A) DNA - In base pairs (bp) The sites at which each of the 3 different enzymes will cut the same strand of lambda DNA are shown in the maps (see figure 3 B-D), each vertical line on the map is where the respective enzymes will cut. A DNA A (bp) 48502 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 9162 17 198 B Sal I 7059 14 885 28 338 35 603 42 900 (bp) Hae III 11 826 21 935 29 341 38 016 (bp) 11648 29,624 Eco R1 (bp) 10 592 16 246 28 915 41 864 Figure 3: Restrictrion site map showing the following A) inear DNA that is not cut as reference B) DNA CLt with Sal L C) DNA cut with Hae , D) DNA cut with Eco RI 1. Calculate the size of the resulting fragments as they will occur after digestion and write the sizes on the maps below. Note that linear DNA has a total size of 48 502 bp (see figure 3A). Page 3 of 7 9162 17 198 Sal i (bp) 7059 14 885 28 338 35 603 42 900 Hae I (bp) 11 826 21 935 29 341 38 016 11648 29,624 Eco R1 (bp) 10 592 16 246 28 915 41 864
2.1 Given the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into apolypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams,colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into afunctional protein. 5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’ (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in theDNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D).
2.1 Given the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into apolypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams,colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into afunctional protein. 5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’ (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in theDNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D). 2.2. Describe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function usinghaemoglobin as an example .
1- Biochemist Erwin Chargaff was the first to note that, in DNA, [A] = [T] and [G] = [C], equalities now called Chargaff’s rule. With the use of this rule, determine the percentages of all the bases in a DNA molecule which contains 35% thymine. Explain. 2- Similar equalities (i.e. [A]=[U] and [G]=[C]) are however not observed in RNA molecules. Explain the structural differences which dictate why Chargaff rule does not apply to RNA polynucleotides.