5. Enumerate preventive measures for these infections. COMMON ETIOLOGIC MODES OF DIAGNOSTIC PREVENTIVE MICROBIAL AGENTS TRANSMISSION EXAMINATIONS MEASURES INFECTIONS CNS Microbial Infections 1.) 2.) 3.)
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- 1. Explain why pathogens need to attach to host cells. 2. Describe various microbial attachment techniques. 3. Describe the 5 steps involved in establishing infection. 4. Explain the modes of action for staphylococcal alpha toxin, cholera toxin, diphtheria toxin, Shiga toxin, and anthrax toxin. 5. Differentiate endotoxin from exotoxin. 6. Describe secretion systems used to export exotoxins/effector proteins. 7. Discuss the three main ways intracellular pathogens avoid intracellular destruction. 8. Describe various strategies pathogens use to avoid the immune system. 9. Describe mechanisms used by Listeria and Salmonella to establish infection in the host cellA 2 pg short report is founded on the principle of the chain of infection host-microbe interactions. Pathogen Report on Serratia marcescens bacteria or bacterial infection 1. Pathogen name: 2.Disease name: 3. Kingdom to which pathogen belongs: 4.Reservoirs: 5.Susceptible host: 6. Mode of Transmission: 7. Portal of Entry: 8. Pathology of the infection: 9. Portal of Exit: 10. Interventions that can break the chain of infection:Which of the following is not a result of healthcare-associated infection? Lütfen birini seçin: a. Development of functional disability b. Requirement of extra investigations c. Development of neurological sequeta d Decrease the resistance against antimicrobials e. Increase the length of hospital stay
- __________ _____________ are different types of practices that are necessary at the basic level of infection control Question options: A) Standard Precautions B) Standard Safety C) Hand Washing D) None of the aboveDespite recommendations, outbreaks and patient notifications resulting from healthcare personnel failing to adhere to Standard Precautions and basic infection control practices continue to be reported Question options: A) True B) False99. Which of the following can be recommended as a follow-up procedure for further establishment of the sourceof agent?A. Epidemiological investigation of the “person”, “time”, and “place” dimensionssurrounding the outbreakB. Epidemiological investigation of the bargoers who consumed drinks but did not show any of the symptoms C. Laboratory investigation of the feces, urine, vomitus, and blood samples of the affected individualsD. Laboratory investigation of the ingredients and tools used in the preparation of the implicated drink
- 1. A patient feels sick and gets the following symptoms: fever, severe cough, sore throat and sneezing. (a) If this is a suspected case of bacterial infection, suggest the type of specimen that should be collected from the patient and a staining technique that can be used for identification of the pathogen. Based on the above symptoms, suggest the most possible causing organism. (b) Sore throat symptom is one the possible results of second line of defense. Which type of second line defense is involved? State the three stages of this second line defense. (c) Describe the three possible ways that this pathogen can be transmitted from person to person and suggest one preventive measure against this infection.As an illustration, a patient undergoing a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) procedure under general anesthesia might be happier not to know the numbers of portals of entry for potential transmission of pathogenic microbes to which she will be subjected. The anesthesia provider would be accessing the patients airway and vascular system by an IV line. Which portals of entry will the surgeon be accessing?1.) Why is boiling water not a recommended sterilization method? 2.) List examples of transfusion-transmitted infections. How are these infections prevented?
- Which link in the chain of infection is the intervention described below meant to break? "Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces daily in household common areas (e.g. tables, hard-backed chairs, doorknobs, light switches, phones, tablets, touch screens, remote controls, keyboards, handles, desks, toilets, sinks) In the bedroom/bathroom dedicated for an ill person: consider reducing cleaning frequency to as-needed (e.g., soiled items and surfaces) to avoid unnecessary contact with the ill person.!" (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting- sick/cleaning-disinfection.html) Means of transmission Portal of entry O Infectious agent O Susceptible host2. Theis set of precaution is designed for the care of patients who are known or suspected to be infected or colonized with microorganisms transmitted by droplet, alrborne, or contact routes. 1. These category of precaution is designed to be used for the care of all patlents, in all settings, regardless of risk or presumed infection status. A. Isolation precaution B. Regular precaution C. Standard precaution D. Transmission-based precaution Rationale: A. Regular precaution B. Standard precaution C. Transmission-based precaution D. Specified-type precaution Rationale: hare taking care of a patient who is diagnosed to have chickenpox. Which type of precaution should you observe? A. Direct contact B. Contact precaution C. Droplet precautions D. Airborne precautions Rationale: 4. When a patient is diagnosed to have influenza, which practice, when observed, will protect the nurse from being infected? A. Cloth mask, proper hand hygiene and dedicated-care equipment. B. Surgical mask, proper…A toddler is admitted to the pediatric unit with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. The nurse anticipates implementing which isolation precautions? a) Contact precautions b) Droplet precautions c) Airborne precautions d) Standard precautions