5. The inflammation associated with atrophic gastritis and a damage to thestomach lining causes digestive problems; nutrient deficiencies are observed aswell. Patients suffer from weight loss, vomiting, lack of appetite, nausca, irondeficiency anemia, pain in the stomach. Why these symptoms occur in damagedprotein digestion in the stomach? For the answer:a) point out the valuc of gastric juice pH in healthy pcople;b) specify functions of HCI;c) describe which peptidase takes part in protein digestion in stomach: peculia-rity of its activation and specificity.

Atrophic gastritis is a chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa, associated with loss of glandular…

Answered: 5. The inflammation associated with…

Ebk:Nutrition & Diet Therapy

10th Edition

ISBN:9780357391747

Author:DEBRUYNE

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Chapter17: Foods And Food Consistency For Upper Gi Disorders

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8SC

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Which of these statements about bile is true? About 500 mL is secreted daily. Its main function is the denaturation of proteins. It is synthesized in the gallbladder. Bile salts are recycled.
3. Clinicians work on the case of a patient with chronic pancreatitis. This disease leads to insufficient secretion of the pancreatic juice into the small intestine. What changes in the dietary lipid processing that discase will cause? For the answer: a) draw the reactions of TAG digestion and the conditions they require; b) list all possible consequences of lipid indigestion; c) list the essential lipid compounds that would have a faulty absorption due to this discase; d) name the other detrimental causes of lipid indigestion and malabsorption.
4. A patient with food indigestion has been screened and diagnosed with steatorrhea (the excretion of abnormal quantities of fat with the feces owing to reduced absorption of fat by the intestine). What are the causes and consequences of the steatorrhea? For the answer: a) draw the scheme of TAG digestion; b) explain the role of the pancreas in dietary lipid digestion; c) make a scheme of dietary TAG assimilation up to the step of chylomicron formation; d) list the dietary recommendation for that particular patient.
16. Explain briefly the fat digestion happening in: а. Mouth b. Duodenum
3. The gall stones were found in the patient by the upper abdominal ultrasound investigation. Explain the causes of the gall stones formation. For that: a) describe the composition of bile and the functions of the main bile compounds; b) draw the scheme of the bile salts synthesis and conjugation; c) describe the fate of secondary bile salts and their function in cholesterol metabolism; d) explain the way of the gall bladder stones formation.
1. Why is the new diet prescribed? (What is believed to be his problem?)Mr. Gutteman’s problem continues despite the diet change. In fact, thefrequency of diarrhea increases and by the end of the next day, he iscomplaining of severe abdominal pain. Again, he is asked some questions to probe his condition. One is whether he has traveled outside the countryrecently. He has not, reducing the possibility of infection with Shigella bacteria, which is associated with poor sanitation. Other questions: ● Do you drink alcohol and how much? (Response: “Little or none.”) ● Have you recently eaten raw eggs or a salad containing mayonnaise at a gathering?(Response: “No.”) ● Are there certain foods that seem to precipitate these attacks? (Response: “Yes, when I have coffee and a sandwich.”) 2. On the basis of these responses, what do you think Mr. Gutteman’s diarrhea might stem from? How will it be diagnosed and treated?
1. Which of the following yields nutrients? State the reason.a.) bolusb.) chymec.) feces
1. What are the major factor/s that stimulate the release of Secretin by the S cells? I. Acidic pH of chyme entering the duodenum II. Parasympathetic stimuli III. Peptons in the gastric chyme entering the duodenum IV. A stomach full of digested content 2. Which is/are true about cholecystokinin? I. Secreted in response to the presence of fat or protein digestive products II. CCK inhibits gastric and intestinal motility III. It potentiates the secretory action of the pancreas IV. It causes contraction of the gall bladder wall 3. Which of the following ions are correctly matched to its mode of transport and part of the tubule? I. Urea - Passive Transport - Proximal Convoluted Tubule II. Sodium - Passive Transport - Ascending Loop of Henle III. Water - Active Transport - Proximal Convoluted Tubule IV. Potassium - Active Transport - Proximal Convoluted Tubule
1.A patient with chronic pancreatitis and hence decreased secretory function of pancreas was prescribed an enzymatic drug «Enzystal» before each meal. Explain this prescription. For that: a)Name pansreatic enzymes, participating in digestion of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. What is their pH optimum and how is it reached in duodenum? b) Draw the scheme representing the cascade of activation of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. Indicate the mechanism ofactivation and its reversability c)Why are proteolytic enzymes secreted by pancreas in inactive form? d)What recommendations on diet can be given to this patient?
3. For breakfast, a student has a muffin with jam and milk. What carbohydrate digestion products can be absorbed into the blood? For answer: a) name the polysaccharides and disaccharides that are contained in the student's food, represent a scheme for their digestion, specify the enzymes; b) describe the transport of digestion products from the intestinal cavity into the enterocytes at low and high concentrations in the intestinal cavity; c) indicate the digestion product with an increased concentration in blood, name its normal concentration, and its value an hour after the meal.
27 The low pH of the stomach enhances chemical absorption, particularly nutrient absorption A True B) False Continue
1. Describe ruminant digestion 2. Young ruminants are said to be monogastrics, Explain why. 3. How is bloating developed in ruminant stomach? Explain possible approaches to prevent this unwanted condition. 4. Trace the digestive system of monogastric stomach by citing the organs of digestion with their corresponding function(s) and enzyme/juice secretion. 5. Illustrate and label the details of the inner linings of the intestine showing the villi distribution as vehicles for nutrient absorption. 6. What is coprophagy? Explain and cite two (2) examples of animal doing it. 7. Explain the digestion process of animals classified as hindgut fermenters.

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