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- II. A 45-ycar-old man complaincd of rapid weight loss, tachycardia, increased sweating, occasional clevated blood pressure and increased excitability. Additional screening revealed a tumor in the medulla of one of the adrenal glands. The paticnt was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. a) draw a chart of the catecholamines synthesis in adrenal glands; b) name the hormone that has its synthesis increased in this discase, list its target organs, stimuli of synthesis and sceretion, target tissues and receptors; c) draw a chart of signal transduction of this hormone to adipocytes and the metabolic pathway of fat with increased rate in the Bpatient's adipocytes; c) list the physiological effects of this hormone and explain the causes of the discase symptoms.48) Opioid receptor antagonist administration should be avoided in pregnancy unless absolutely needed, because death of the fetus could result from _______________. 48) Vasodilation Narcotic Withdrawal Malnutrition Acidity1)What tissue regulates both the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis? Does this tissue regulate lots of physiological functions? Give a few examples. 2) All of the following are directly controlled by a hormonal stimulus from the hypothalamus EXCEPT… a)GH, Growth hormone b) FSH c) Oxytocin. d) TSH, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 3) How would a tumor in cells that produce TSH affect levels of TSH in the blood? increase / decrease / normal 4) How would this affect hormone secretion by the target cells of TSH? increase / decrease / normal
- 8:18 1 of 2 < "My Brother Calls Me 'Bug s"": A Case Study on the Endocrine System Nineteen-year-old Krista waited impatiently as Dr. Weisman scribbled in his chart. She hoped he was scribbling an explanation of what was wrong with her. She was tired of not feeling like herself and tired of being so stressed about it. She was particularly tired of how her eyes seemed to bulge outward, so much that her 10-year-old brother had started calling her "Bug Eyes." Dr. Weisman finally put down his pen and looked at Krista. "Well, your blood pressure and pulse are elevated. You've lost weight without trying, you have difficulty sleeping, you perspire more than usual and you've had continuing bouts of diarrhea. Those things, combined with the swelling in the front of your neck, suggest that you may be suffering from more than the stress of college life. I think we need to run some blood tests to check your thyroid function." Krista blinked in surprise. "All of those things can be caused by a…JH, a 53 year-old female, had not been feeling well lately and suddenly started to feel acutely worse. Shestarted to have shortness of breath, and was experiencing an irregular heartbeat, chest pain, muscleweakness, and feelings of severe nausea. She called 911 and was taken to the hospital where bloodsamples were drawn. JH was diagnosed with hyperkalemia and ordered IV fluids. The IV fluids she was given contained calciumgluconate and insulin. Her potassium levels were monitored over a 24-hour period and were assummarized in Table 2 (attached) Using Table 2, which shows the patient’s plasma K+ concentrations over a 24-hour period, graph thechanges of K+ over time with computer software like Excel (not hand-drawn). Make sure to include an appropriate figure caption to explain what you haveobserved and follow scientific best practices for creating your graph. (You may consult graphs in publishedphysiology articles for inspiration!)JH, a 53 year-old female, had not been feeling well lately and suddenly started to feel acutely worse. Shestarted to have shortness of breath, and was experiencing an irregular heartbeat, chest pain, muscleweakness, and feelings of severe nausea. She called 911 and was taken to the hospital where bloodsamples were drawn. JH was diagnosed with hyperkalemia and ordered IV fluids. The IV fluids she was given contained calciumgluconate and insulin. Her potassium levels were monitored over a 24-hour period and were assummarized in Table 2 (attached) Using Table 2, which shows the patient’s plasma K+ concentrations over a 24-hour period, graph thechanges of K+ over time. Make sure to include an appropriate figure caption to explain what you haveobserved and follow scientific best practices for creating your graph. (You may consult graphs in publishedphysiology articles for inspiration!)
- Norepinephrine and epinephrine increase neuron activity in the brain. This is likely directly contributing to which of the patient's symptoms? A) Increased anxiety and panic attacks B) Facial pallor C) Abdominal pain D) Palpitations (increased heart rate)81. Shortly after surgical removal of the thyroid gland, a 48-year-old woman develops signs and symptoms of neuromuscular irritability, including tingling paresthesias. Gently tapping over the facial nerve in front of the ear results in reflex contraction of the facial muscles. The most likely cause of these findings is hypocalcemia due to injury to which of the following cells? A) Parathyroid oxyphil cells B) Parathyroid principal cells C) Thyroid follicular cells D) Thyroid parafollicular cellsA 50 year old male is experiencing fatigue, dizziness, and headaches with a rapid decline in his visual acuity. He treats his hypertension and type 2 diabetes with medications. His brow and jaw are enlarged (proganthism), his hands and feet and fingers are wide. His wedding ring no longer fits on his finger. He is obese and has a deep voice. What hormones are of greatest concern of this person? a.) GSH B.) ACTH C.) Prolactin d.) GH
- 1) Gross Anatomy and Basic Function of the Endocrine Glands a)Both the endocrine and nervous systems are major regulating systems of the body; however, the nervous system has been compared to a text message, and the endocrine system to mailing a letter. Briefly explain this comparison. b) Chemically, hormones belong chiefly to two molecular groups, the___ and the___ c) If hormones travel in the bloodstream, why don't all tissues respond to all hormones?A client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus is asking about potential complications. Which of the following is the MOST likely long-term complication? a) Acute kidney injury b) Gastrointestinal bleeding c) Diabetic neuropathy d) Deep vein thrombosisMalaika is a 30 year old African lady with a history of Schizophrenia. She is currently taking Olanzapine 20mg. She has been complaining of feeling lethargic, increased hunger and increased thirst and frequent urination. A) Explain your understanding of how insulin works. B) Why might Malaika's diagnosis of Schizophrenia, her ethnicity and the symptoms she is experiencing be important in explaining her current presentation? C) What interventions would you suggest in this situation? Please justify your answer.