A 36-year-old Asian male complains of difficulty swallowing. Esophagoscopy reveals a polypoid mass that is subsequently biopsied. In addition to tumor cells, the esophageal biopsy show normal smooth muscle and striated muscle in the same section. Which portion of the esophagus was the source of this biopsy? A. Lower esophageal sphincter B. Lower third of the esophagus C. Middle third of the esophagus D. Upper esophageal sphincter E. Upper third of the esophagus
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- A 27-year-old male presents to the doctor with complaints of "heartburn" and painful, sour-tasting acid reflux that has not been alleviated by over-the-counter medications. An endoscopic exam is performed and a biopsy of the distal esophagus is taken. Microscopic examination of the tissue shows normal tissue without pathologic changes. What type of mucosa is normal for the distal esophagus? A. Ciliated, columnar epithelium B. Keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium C. Non-ciliated, columnar epithelium D. Non-keratinized, simple, squamous epithelium E. Non-keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium F. Pseudostratified, columnar epitheliumCase r/t Abdominal examinationAling Ising, 50 years old, who works as a laundry woman, was hospitalized due to nausea, vomiting,and acute abdominal pain of rapid onset.b. Describe specific assessments you would make to confirm or rule out acute appendicitis.says that he is experiencing severe abdominal Pain especially after eating 2. What common cause of lower right abdominal pain was the pediatrician trying to rule out with the fecal test? (Hint: if he had this condition, his body temperature would have been high.) 3. Why would Nicholas' hematocrit be lower than normal? 4. How is Meckel's diverticulum different from other types of diverticula?
- Title Which of the following statements regarding appendicitis is FALSE? a. A calcifi ed appendicolith can Description Which of the following statements regarding appendicitis is FALSE?</o:p> a. A calcifi ed appendicolith can help identify an infl amed appendix</o:p> b. An infl amed appendix will demonstrate hyperemic fl ow with color or power Doppler</o:p> c. A noncompressible appendix greater than 6 mm is considered abnormal</o:p> d. Sonography cannot visualize a normal appendix</o:p> </o:p>Case: A 25-year-old Egyptian student who had lived in England for the past 2 years presented with acute haematemesis. Examination revealed marked hepatosplenomegaly. Esophageal and gastric varices were identified at emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, thus confirming the presence of portal hypertension. The following disorders were considered in the differential diagnosis as a possible cause of his portal hypertension: alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, portal and hepatic venous obstruction and schistosomiasis. Alcoholic liver disease was considered unlikely since he was a teetotaller; ultrasound and computed tomography studies of the porta-hepatic circulation excluded vascular obstruction. A liver biopsy was postponed until his deranged clotting was corrected. The patient has marked raised total serum IgE: 2500kU/l (NR <130). Examination of stool specimens revealed the characteristic ova of S. mansoni and high levels of serum antibodies to S. mansoni were…Mrs. S is a 48 YO F who recently had an esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) that showed a lesion and a narrowing of the distal esophagus just above the lower esophageal sphincter. A biopsy was taken that proved to be positive for squamous cell adenocarcinoma. Mrs. S was admitted to the hospital for more tests with a plan for possible surgery. Her height is 5’6” with weight of 148 lbs on admission. Her UBW (usual body weight) was 175 lbs. Mrs. S’s physician decided to initiate chemotherapy in an attempt to shrink the tumor prior to surgery. The physician also consulted the surgical dietitian in order to start TPN as the patient could not swallow or have an enteral feeding tube placed due to the tumor. He ordered D5NS at 50 ml/h until the TPN was started. If the hospital uses a 50% dextrose solution, what is the total volume of dextrose that will be used to deliver the appropriate kcals of CHO?
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic conditon in which gastric juice flows up into the esophagus. Describe 2 complications of this disease if it is left untreated.Procedure: A. Peptic digestion 1. Prepare 4 test tubes as follows: Tube 1 - 3 ml pepsin Tube 2 - 3 ml of 0.4% HC1 Tube 3 - 3 ml pepsin +| 1.5 ml of 0.4% HCl Tube 4 - 3 ml pepsin + 1.5 ml of 1% NazCO3 2. Add equal slices of hard-boiled egg white to each tube. 3. Cover and incubate at 40°C for 2 hours. 4. Add 4 drops of toluene and store till the next lab period. 5. Determine the extent of digestion by visually noting the size of the hard-boiled egg white in each tube. 6. Withdraw 1 ml of the supernatant liquid from each tube and place in 4 separate test tubes labelled tube la. 2a, 3a, 4a. 7. Neutralize tubes 2a& 3a with solid sodium carbonate. 8. To each supernatant liquid, add 1 ml of 10% NaOH and 2 drops of 1% CuSO. Compare the colors obtained in the 4 tubes. 9. Place 1 ml of 0.5% peptone in a test tube and add 1 ml of 10% NaOH and 2 drops of 1% CuSO4. Compare the result of these tubes with the other 4 tubes above. B. Pancreatin digestion 1. Prepare 4 test tubes as follows: Tube 1 - 3…Describe the microscopic pathological changes that a pathologist will note in a gastrocnemius muscle of a duchenne muscular dystrophy patient.