A 39% maximum efficient coal-fired power plant needs to produce 600 MW of power. A. To achieve maximum efficiency, if the waste water is dumped into a 13 C lake, what temperature must the steam be heated to? B. Since coal contains 27 kJ of energy per gram, how many kg of coal must be burned in a day?

A 39% maximum efficient coal-fired power plant needs to produce 600 MW of power. A. To achieve maximum efficiency, if the waste water is dumped into a 13 C lake, what temperature must the steam be heated to? B. Since coal contains 27 kJ of energy per gram, how many kg of coal must be burned in a day?

College Physics

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285737027

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter12: The Laws Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 42P: A power plant has been proposed that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. The...

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(a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at 30.0C and has heat transfer to another environment at 45.0C ? (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60106J (a kilowatthour)? (d) How many kJ of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment? (e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.
A power plant has been proposed that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. The system is to operate between 20.0C (surface water temperature) and 5.00C (water temperature at a depth of about 1 km). (a) What is the maximum efficiency of such a system? (b) If the useful power output of the plant is 75.0 MW, how much energy is absorbed per hour? (c) In view of your answer to part (a), do you think such a system is worthwhile (considering that there is no charge for fuel)?
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(a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses 1.251014J of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 42.0%? (b) What is the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output? (c) How much work is done?
The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the energy it absorbs from a reservoir. (a) What is its thermal efficiency? (b) What fraction of the energy absorbed is expelled to the cold reservoir?
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(a) What is the available energy content, in joules, of a battery that operates a 2.00-W electric clock for 18 months? (b) How long can a battery that can supply 8.00104 J run a pocket calculator that consumes energy at the rate of 1.00103 ?
A power plant has been proposed that would make use of the temperature gradient in the ocean. The system is to operate between 20.0C (surface water temperature) and 5.00C (water temperature at a depth of about 1 km). (a) What is the maximum efficiency of such a system? (b) If the useful power output of the plant is 75.0 MW, how much energy is absorbed per hour? (c) In view of your answer to part (a), do you think such a system is worthwhile (considering that there is no charge for fuel)?
A freezer has a coefficient of performance of 6.30. It is advertised as using electricity at a rate of 457 kWh/yr. (a) On average, how much energy does it use in a single day? (b) On average, how much energy docs it remove from the refrigerator in a single day? (c) What maximum mass of water at 20.0C could the freezer freeze in a single day? Note: One kilowatt-hour (kWh) is an amount of energy equal to running a 1-kW appliance for one hour.
A 4ton air conditioner removes 5.60107J (48,000 British thermal units) from a cold environment in 1.00 h. (a) What energy input in joules is necessary to do this if the air conditioner has an energy efficiency rating (EER) of 12.0? (b) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60106J (one kilowatt—hour)? (c) Discuss whether this cost seems realistic. Note that the energy efficiency rating (EER) of an air conditioner or refrigerator is defined to be the number of British thermal units of heat transfer from a cold environment per hour divided by the watts of power input.
A 39% maximum efficient coal-fired power plant needs to produce 600 MW of power. A. To achieve maximum efficiency, if the waste water is dumped into a 13 degree Celsius lake, what temperature must the steam be heated to? B. Since coal contains 27 kJ of energy per gram, how many kg of coal must be burned in a day?
A certain coal-fired power plant has a rated power capacity of P = 850 MW. The output of this plant is W = 0.26QH, where QH is the energy input as heat from the hot reservoir. a. If the power plant operates for a full day at its rated capacity, how much energy QH in MJ is needed? b. If, on average, one ton of coal contains Q = 25 GJ of energy, how many tons nH of coal would the plant need to operate for a day at its rated capacity? c. How many tons nC of this coal is exhausted as wasted heat to QC in a single day?