(a) What is the difference between the states of phase equilibrium and metastability?(b) Explain with the aid of neatly drawn binary phase diagrams the following terms?i. Isormophous phase diagramii. Eutectic Isothermiii. Peritectic point(c) in the Cu and Ag phase diagram shown in Figure 1.1, consider an alloy composition of 40 wt%Cu - 60 wt% Ag.Composton t RND120020GO8010022002000LIQUOLS1000Lquto:000...:6008.0:400912:200G00Somus:000B00400G00200400100204060Composition wes ADFigure 1.1: Cu - Ag Phase Diagrami.What Phases are present in the Alloy at 800° C?i.What are the compositions of present phases if the alloy is cooled by 20° C?iii.What are the mass fraction of phases?If the alloy was further cooled by 2° C, determine the volume fraction of the phases? Take thedensities of Cu and Ag as 8.96 and 10.49 g/cm' respectively.iv.

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Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

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In the binary phase diagram for the Cu-Ni system in the Figure provided: 1. Draw the microstructures for each point for the alloy upon cooling (A-E) and label ALL phases! 2. What are the compositions (C's) of EVERY phase and the relative phase amounts (W's) for each microstructure A-E? Show all work! T(°C) (liquid) L 20 (a, solid) 30 A BUD E 40 Co OOOOO w 10 50 wt% Ni CL= Ca= CL= Ca= CL= Ca= C₁= Cu= C₁= Ca= WL= Wa= WL= Wα= W₁= W= W₁= Wa= W₁= Wu= A B E
In the binary phase diagram for the Cu-Ni system in the Figure provided: 1. Draw the microstructures for each point for the alloy upon cooling (A-E) and label ALL phases! 2. What are the compositions (C's) of EVERY phase and the relative phase amounts (W's) for each microstructure A-E? Show all work! TOCL (liquid) 20 (a, solid) 30 A BCD E E 40 OOOOO 50 wt% Ni www CL= Ca= CL= Ca= CL= Ca= CL= Cu= C₁= Ca= W₁= Wa= WL= WQ= W₁= Wa= W₁= Wa= W₁= Wa= A B C D E
The figure below shows Pb-Sn phase diagram. What is the composition of Pb and Sn at point 1? 1200 1000 Liquid a +L 779 C (Tg) B+L 6 800 8.0 71.9 G 91.2 600 400 200 20 40 60 80 100 (Pb) Composition (wt% Sni (Sn) Callister Jr., W.D., 2007 O a. 80 wt % Sn and 20 wt % Pb O b. 10 wt % Sn and 90 wt % Pb O c. 90 wt % Sn and 10 wt % Pb O d. 20 wt % Sn and 80 wt % Pb Temperature ("C)
b) Figure 2 is the tin-gold phase diagram, for which only single-phase regions are labeled. Write one (1) entectic point reaction and label all the non-label regions (i) - (viii). 1000 800 L (viii) Temperature (°C) 600 400 200 0 (Sn) (1) (v) B (vi) (iv) (ii) Y 8 20 40 60 80 Composition (wt% Au) Figure 2 Tin-gold phase diagram !(vii) T 100 (Au)
Consider Cu - Ag Phase diagram below: 1200 A -Liquidus 1000 Liquid -Solidus 779°C (TE) 800 Temperature (°C) 600 400 a C 200 0 B 8.0 (Cag) Solvus a +L a + ß E 71.9 (CE) B+L 91.2 (CBE) B H 1 1 1 1 1 { ( L 20 40 60 80 100 (Cu) Composition (wt% Ag) (Ag) Consider 71.9% Ag-28.1% Cu, which is cooled below 779°C. What is the composition of the phases present just below 779°C and give the amount of beta phase present
1-The microstructural design of Iron-Carbon(Fe-C) alloys has led to the development of vast range of steels for structural material applications. The phase diagram provide means for producing specific microstructures. Using the phase diagram below to answer the following questions A – If the liquid mixture of Fe-3%Wt C is slowly cooled from 1600 C to 1200C indicate the phase(S) that are present at 1200 C . Also calculate the composition of the of phases.(10) B-Describe the sequence of all phase transformation that accour from Fe-1.5%wt C is slowly cooled from 1600 C to 400 C. Use the diagram below to to describe the microstructures for each phase transformation (10)
For 40 wt% Sn – 60 wt% Pb alloy at 150 oC (at point B) as shown in Figure, i. State the name of phase(s) present. ii. Calculate the composition(s) of the phase(s) present. 600 300 Liquid 500 a+L 200 400 300 100 200 100 20 60 100 (Pb) (Sn) Composition (wt % Sn) Temperature ("C) Temperature ("F)
Construct the hy pothetical phase diagram for metal A and B between temperature of 600 C° and 1000 C° given the following information: The melting point of A is 940 Cº. The solubility of B in A is negligible at all temperatures The melting point of metal B is 830 Cº. The maximum solubility of A in B is 12%A, which occurs at 700 Co. At 600 C°, the solubility of A in B is 8%A. One eutectic occurs at 700 C° and 75%B. A second eutectic occurs at 730 C° and 60%B. A third eutectic occurs at 755 C° and 40%B. One congruent melting point occurs at 780 C° and 51%B. A second congruent melting point occurs at 755 C° and 67%B. There exist two intermetallic compounds: AB at 51%B and AB2 at 67%B. Note all composition are in weight percent.
BINARY PHASE DIAGRAMS Please only answer parts d and e as the rest have been solved. Show full detailed explanation to answers with diagrams if necessary a)(i) What is the melting point of pure Mg?(ii) What is the maximum solubility of Mg in Pb and at what temperaturedoes this occur? (b) A 50 wt.% Pb-50wt% Mg alloy is slowly cooled from 700 °C to 400 °C.(i) At what temperature does the first solid phase form?(ii) What is the composition of this solid phase?(iii) At what temperature does all the liquid solidify?(iv) What is the composition of the last remaining liquid phase?(v) What is the freezing range? (c) What is the mass fraction of solid and liquid of a 60 wt.% Mg alloy at atemperature of 500 °C.(d) Draw and label the microstructure of an 80 wt.% Mg alloy at 600 °C.(e) A Mg-Pb alloy of mass 5.5 kg has a composition just slightly below thesolubility limit of 200 °C.(i) What mass of lead is in the alloy?(ii) If the alloy is heated to 350 °C how much more lead can be dissolvedin…
BI (a) Figure BI below shows the equilibrium phase diagram of hypothetical A - B alloy system. Answer the following questions. What are technical names of Line A and Line B? What do they signify? (i) (ii) With the aid sketches, portray the microstructures and phases that are present for the 20wt%A-80wt%B alloy (Alloy A) at the temperatures of 780 °C, 670 °C, 652 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. (iii) Assume an A - B alloy (Alloy B) has 60wt%a - 40wt%L, in terms of weight, at a temperature of 652 °C. Determine the overall composition of Alloy B. (o) emai 700 8 600 500 400 800 0 A 760 °C Line B W a /9.5 20 Line A a + L 650 °C 40 Liquid (L) wt%B Figure B1 52.5 a + ß 60 B+L 80 93.7 B 100 B
In Figure 1 (phase diagram), an alloy composition of 95 wt% Mg and 5 wt% Al is cooled from 700 C to 475 C. An analysis of the resulting ε solid-phase composition reveals that it has a higher Mg content than is anticipated by the phase diagram.a) Explain why this might be the case and how your reasoning results in the higher-than-expected Mg content.b) Provide a sketch showing the likely distribution of Mg content within the volume of ε solid-phase.
Phase Diagrams: You are given the lead tin (Pb-Sn) phase diagram. Below the eutectic isotherm is identified as the two phase region a + B. a) At 30wt % Sn, in the circles below draw the microscopic observations evolving at 3000C, 2250C, and 1000C for this hypoeutectic alloy. b) At a temperature just above the isotherm at 1830C, for the 30 wt% Sn Alloy, calculate the fractions of each phase present at equilibrium and the corresponding composition of each phase.

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