a. Give the different groups of pharmaceutical products used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. (Gastrointestinal Agents) b. Name the different kinds of ulcers and their common symptoms. (Gastrointestinal Agents) c. Define antacids and cite some criteria on what makes an ideal antacid. (Gastrointestinal Agents)
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- a. Give the different groups of pharmaceutical products used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. (Gastrointestinal Agents) b. Name the different kinds of ulcers and their common symptoms. (Gastrointestinal Agents) c. Define antacids and cite some criteria on what makes an ideal antacid. (Gastrointestinal Agents)Which of the following is not involved in the pathophysiology of gastric ulcer? Select one: A. B. Increased stimulation of mucus- producing glands Alcohol abuse C. Decreased resistance of the mucosal barrier D. H. pylori infection E. Hypersecretion of pepsin O O O Og. Give the official compounds used for treating diarrhea. (Gastrointestinal Agents) h. Name some types of laxatives and give their actions. (Gastrointestinal Agents) i. What ions are usually used as saline cathartics? (Gastrointestinal Agents)
- Define the meaning of the term "peptic ulcer disease". Discuss some of the risk factors that make people susceptible (including factors that protect the mucosa of the stomach/duodenum and those that cause damage to it. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Accurate definition, e.g. mucosa break greater than 3-5mm in the stomach or duodenum with a visible depth. Discussion of factors e.g. infections (H. Pylori; others mainly in immunocompromised patients, e.g. cytomegalovirus ,tuberculosis, and syphilis), gastric bypass surgery, cigarette smoking, medication/drugs, physiological stress associated with critical illness (e.g. septicaemia), autoimmune diseases, eg, vasculitis, sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease. Discussion of factors e.g. protection: bucarb, blood flow, prostaglandin, mucus. Damage: H. Pylori, gastric acid, pepsin, drugs e.g. NSAIDidentify and describe the following digestive system disorders and their causes. A. Acid reflux B. Heartburn C. Gastric ulcersA. Match the following digestive system structures with their meanings anus esophagus  liver cecum gallbladder pancreas colon ileum pharynx duodenum jejunum sigmoid colon 1. Consists of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid sections - 2. Small sac under the liver; stores bile - 3. First part of the large intestine - 4. End of the digestive tract opening to the outside of the body - 5. Second part of the small intestine - 6. Tube connecting the throat to the stomach - 7. Third part of the small intestine - 8. Large organ in the RUQ; secretes bile, stores sugar, produces blood proteins - 9. Throat - 10. Lowest part of the colon - 11. First part of the small intestine - 12. Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and digestive…
- Discuss the physiologic influence of various pathologies, such as peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, spastic colon, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hyperacidic states, on the health of patients and their gastrointestinal tractsHow are functions in the gastrointestinal system such as 1.) chewing and swallowing and 2.) absorption of nutrients impacted by normal aging? Be specific on what the changes are.Give a schematic diagram of how we can nonpharmacologically manage the Duodenal Ulcers ? Please answer at your own words
- Identify the bacteria that can cause peptic ulcers and explain the rationale for the use of proton pump inhibitors in treating peptic ulcers. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Bacteria = helicopter pylori PPI(proton pump inhibitors) block gastric H,K-ATPase, inhibiting gastric acid secretion( leads to acid suppression so that healing can take place)Differentiate between bacterial infectionand bacterial intoxication. Discuss the importance of E. colias part of our intestinal flora. Describe three (3) different types of gastrointestinal diseases caused by bacteria. Be sure to give the name of the specific organism that causes each, describe some common signs and symptoms and discuss treatment for each disease: Define meningitis.Compare and contrast between bacterial and viral meningitis including treatment for each. What is a prion? Describe the impact prionshave on the human brain and discuss two prion-associated diseases in humans: What is a vector-borne (vector transmitted) disease? Give an example of a vector borne disease and the vector responsible for causing it:Define the following terms: digestion absorption peristalsis bolus chyme