A.) Study of mutations reveals that: a.) mutations that lead to shortened proteins often have high negative selection coefficients b.) most mutations that affect fitnes are synonymous mutations c.) most non-synonymous mutations have positive selection coefficients d.) mutations that have major effects on the phenotype are the most common.

Biology 2e
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Chapter18: Evolution And The Origin Of Species
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Problem 13RQ: Which condition is the basis for a species to be re productively isolated from other members? It...
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Hello, I need help answering 3.a, b, & c questions. Pls and thank you 

3. A.) Study of mutations reveals that:

a.) mutations that lead to shortened proteins often have high negative selection coefficients

b.) most mutations that affect fitnes are synonymous mutations

c.) most non-synonymous mutations have positive selection coefficients

d.) mutations that have major effects on the phenotype are the most common.

B.) Natural selection during the final stage of allopatric speciation can cause: 

a.) increased post-zygotic isolation in a hybrid zone

b.) more gene flow to form a "hybrid swarm"

c.) increased pre-zygotic isolation in a hybrid zone

d.) negative assortive mating

C.) Human hunting of wild animals, such as deer or bighorn sheep, usually:

a.) leads to evolution in the same direction as that favored by natural selection in the non-hunted populations

b.) causes males to have more extreme sexual characters (such as horn size)

c.) creates artificial selection in a direction that opposes natural selection

d.) leads to animals breeding at older ages

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