According to Grimes model, which characteristics (life history traits) apply to individuals in the "Competitive" strategy? Question 10 options: The offspring have a high survival rate All of these They produce relatively few offspring They are very mobile They invest very little in their offspring They have an older age of maturity
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According to Grimes model, which characteristics (life history traits) apply to individuals in the "Competitive" strategy?
Question 10 options:
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The offspring have a high survival rate |
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All of these |
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They produce relatively few offspring |
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They are very mobile |
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They invest very little in their offspring |
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They have an older age of maturity |
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- In an iteroparous species lifetime fitness is maximized at investment, while in semelparous species level of reproductive an intermediate maximal effort is exerted in a single reproductive event Maximal an intermediate effort is exerted in one of many reproductive events an intermediate minimal effort is exerted in a single reproductive event maximal an intermediate effort is exerted in a single reproductive event an intermediate maximal effort is exerted in one of many reproductive eventsIs the following case study an r-strategist or a K-strategist? American toads practice explosive reproduction. During the first warm days in spring, both males and females migrate from forests and converge on ponds. Reproduction is quick, taking only a few days. Females lay hundreds of eggs in jelly-filled sacks along the sides of the pond or stream. As soon as the eggs are laid, males and females abruptly leave the pond. Offspring are left to develop, hatch, and grow on their own, maturing in about three months.Answer the following questions using this information: Bowhead whales can live up to 150 years, reproducing first when they reach 25 years of age, which is when they leave their mother. The survival curve for this whale species is shown below. Indicate which answer is correct about this whale. % alive age in years 150 O They have a type 1 survival curve and show little parental care of offspring. O They have a type 2 survival curve and show strong parental care of offspring. They have a type 1 survival curve and show strong parental care of offspring O They have a type 3 survival curve and little parental care of offspring.
- What is often true of a population of organisms with a type Il suvivorship curve? they produce few offspirng and invest more energy in each offspring they produce more offspring and invest little energy in each they have low death rates during early life stages they are equally likely to die at any ageIs the following case study an r-strategists or a K-strategists? Andean condors reach sexual maturity at five to six years. Reproduction is slow; females lay only one or two eggs every other year. Offspring are cared for by both parents for at least one year. Andean condors are long-lived and can survive for seventy to seventy-five years.Females of a lizard species each produced, on average, about 15 eggs during one breeding season, and about the same number of eggs during each of the next four breeding seasons. This suggests that Group of answer choices the cost of reproduction is relatively high for these females the idea of trade-offs does not apply to this species the cost of reproduction is relatively low for these females this species is semelparous there must be high mortality among females in this species
- The second assumption in formulating Lack's (1947) hypothesis is that clutch size affects only offspring survival. The data that are presented in the figure were obtained in an experiment conducted by Schluter and Gustafsson in 1993 to test this assumption. The researchers removed or added eggs to nests and monitored the offspring that hatched from the nests, recording subsequently the reproductive output for offspring females after they had matured. i. Females reared in nests from which eggs had been removed produced larger clutches. ii. Females reared in nests into which eggs had been added produced smaller clutches. iii. Observations described in statements i and ii are consistent with the second assumption. iv. Observations described in statements i and ii reveal a trade-off between offspring quantity and quality. Question 3 options: A) All statements convey accurate information. B) Statements i and ii convey…Producing fewer eggs than the Lack number can be explained by (select all that are correct) Question 4 options: Egg production is never lower than the Lack number Trying to avoid attracting a predator Gene flow Yearly variation in the environment Producing larger eggsWithin a population, the negative tradeoff/s for an individual that reproduces earlier (at a younger age) than other members of the population is/are: (select all that are correct) Question 8 options: There are no disadvantages to reproducing earlier The provide less parental care They produce smaller offspring They are smaller than other members of the population of the same age They produce fewer offspring (per reproductive event)
- The following equation is used to calculate the population growth rate, Ro, per generation from a life table. Iy is survival probability from birth to age x and my is fecundity at age x. Ro = Elkm Multiplying ly and my and summing it over all age categories in the life table gives the population growth rate per generation because: Calculating the reproductive output for each age class requires considering the survival probability to that age (a dead individual does not reproduce) and the fecundity at that age by multiplying them with each other. Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita growth rate of the population The fecundity at each age is lower when the survival is higher because of energy constraints. Multiplying probability of survival and fecundity in each age class takes this trade-off into account. Summing over reproductive output for all age classes gives the total per capita growth rate of the population The resulting type of growth…In the Winemiller and Rose model, a species that has a long time to maturity, produces large numbers of offspring, and has a low offspring survival rate would be following the ______ strategy Question 11 options: Opportunistic Periodic Equilibrium Ruderal None of theseA 'live fast die young' life history strategy is associated with which type of environment? High resource availability High competition with others of the same species High stress / extreme conditions
