Activity 1 Which of the following molecular formulas are also empirical formulas? 1. Oxalic acid, H:C2O4, found in spinach and tea 2. DEET, C12H17ON, an insect repellent 3. Benzene, Co Ho highly flammable, gasoline like odor 4. Ribose, CsH10Os.sugar molecule in RNA 5. Chlorophyll, CssH72 Mg N«Os, part of photosynthesis 6. Ethylene glycol, sweet tasting, antifreeze formulations 7. Butene, colorless gases, present in crude oil

Activity 1 Which of the following molecular formulas are also empirical formulas? 1. Oxalic acid, H:C2O4, found in spinach and tea 2. DEET, C12H17ON, an insect repellent 3. Benzene, Co Ho highly flammable, gasoline like odor 4. Ribose, CsH10Os.sugar molecule in RNA 5. Chlorophyll, CssH72 Mg N«Os, part of photosynthesis 6. Ethylene glycol, sweet tasting, antifreeze formulations 7. Butene, colorless gases, present in crude oil

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter3: Stoichiometry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20ALQ: Which of the following pairs of compounds have the same empirical formula? a. acetylene, C2H2, and...

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When analyzed, an unknown compound gave these experimental results: C, 54.0%; h, 6.00%; and O, 40.0%. Four different students used these values to calculate the empirical formulas shown here. Which answer is correct? Why did some students not get the correct answer? (a) C4H5O2 (b) C5H7O3 (c) C7H10O4 (d) C9H12O5
Tetrodotoxin is a toxic chemical found in fugu pufferfish, a popular but rare delicacy in Japan. This compound has an LD50 (the amount of substance that is lethal to 50.% of a population sample) of 10.g per kg of body mass. Tetrodotoxin is 41.38% carbon by mass, 13.16% nitrogen by mass, and 5.37% hydrogen by mass, with the remaining amount consisting of oxygen. What is the empirical formula of tetrodotoxin? If three molecules of tetrodotoxin have a mass of 1.59 1021 g, what is the molecular formula of tetrodotoxin? What number of molecules of tetrodotoxin would be the LD50 dosage for a person weighing 165 lb?
Polymers are large molecules composed of simple units repeated many times. Thus, they often have relatively simple empirical formulas. Calculate the empirical formulas of the following polymers: Lucite (Plexiglas); 59.9% C, 8.06% H, 32.0% O Saran; 24.8% C, 2.0% H, 73.1% C1 polyethylene; 86% C, 14% H polystyrene; 92.3% C, 7.7% H Orlon; 67.9% C, 5.70% H, 26.4% N
Which of the following pairs of compounds have the same empirical formula? a. acetylene, C2H2, and benzene, C6H6 b. ethane, C2H6, and butane, C4H10 c. nitrogen dioxide, NO2, and dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4 d. diphenyl ether, C12H10O, and phenol, C6H5OH
Calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms present in eachof the following samples. l type="a"> 1.271 g of ethanol, C2H5OH i>3.982 g of 1 ,4-dichlorobenzene, C6H4Cl2 i>0.4438 g of carbon suboxide, C3O2 i>2.9 10 g of methylene chloride, CH2Cl2
erhaps the most important concept in introductory chemistry concerns what a mole of a substance represents. The mole concept will come up again and again in later chapters in this book. What does one mole of a substance represent on a microscopic, atomic basis? What does one mole of a substance represent on a macroscopic, mass basis? Why have chemists defined the mole in this manner?
Eugenol is the major component in oil of cloves. It has a molar mass of 164.2 g/mol and is 73.14% C and 737% H; the remainder is oxygen. What are the empirical and molecular formulas of eugenol? (a) C5H6O, C5H6O (b) C5H6O, C10H12O2 (c) C6H5O, C12H10,O2 (d) C3H6O, C6H12O2
Calculate the mass in grains of hydrogen present in 2.500 g of each of the following compounds. l type="a"> benzene, C6H6 i>calcium hydride, CaH2 i>ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH i>serine, C3H7O3N
itamin B12 , cyancobalamin, is essential for human nutrition. Its molecular formula is C63H88CoN14O14P . A lack of this vita min in the diet can lead to anemia. Cyanocohalamin is the form of the vitamin found in vitamin supplements. l type='a'> What is the molar mass of cyanocobalamin to two decimal places? How many moles of cyanocohalamin molecules are present in 250 mg of cyanocobalamin? What is the mass of 0.60 mole of cyanocobalamin? How many atoms of hydrogen are in 1 .0 mole of cyanocobalamin? What is the mass of 1.0107 molecules of cyanocobalamin? What is the mass (in grams) of one molecule of cyanocobalamin?
he “Chemistry in Focus” segment Plastic That Talks and Listens! discusses polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF). What is the empirical formula of PVDF? Note: An empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. This is discussed more fully in Sections 8.7 and 8.8 of your text.