An assembler interprets computer programs from assembly language to machine language. It can be used by developers to manage the computer’s hardware. It is also considered as an interface between high- level languages and machine language. Compare and contrast between machine dependent and machine independent features of the assembler. Support your answer with examples of assembly code and their explanation. 2)

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Types of database architectures

A Database Architecture represents the Database Management System’s (DBMS) design (schema). The DBMS architecture makes it easy to understand the components involved in the database system and their relations. The DBMS architecture may vary based on the system on which it runs. Some systems contain both client and server machines whereas some run only on a server machine. Based on the architecture, the system can be classified as centralized, decentralized, or hierarchical.