asic amino acids including lysine. DNA and histones collectively form chromatin. Open open and accessible to the transcriptional machinery than closed chromatin. Histone ciated with open chromatin and occurs near genes that are being actively transcribed. you know about the chemical properties of DNA and the function of histones. whv do tain so many basic amino acids? Answer in no more than two sentences. you know about how acetylation affects lysine, why does histone lysine acetylation oper Answer in one sentence only.
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- Which one of the following statements is NOT true of histones? O They are involved in the packaging of eukaryotic chromatin. O They are highly conserved. O They are positively charged. They contain high amounts of arginine and lysine. O DNA double-wraps around seven histone proteins.Heterochromatin and Euchromatin Have Which Different Histone modificationsHistones can be acetylated: acetyl (CH3CO) groups are attached to the amines. When it is time to transcribe DNA (to produce a needed protein), the histones need DNA-Protein Complexes Histones tightly bind to the DNA preventing transcription. to unwind from the DNA. histone protein nd u HN HN NH3 NH3 HN. H3N. -NH3 acetylation H3N- -NH3 H3N NH3 NH O NH3 NH Show why acetylation of the histone prevents it from interacting with DNA.
- Which statement is FALSE? Group of answer choices Histones are very conserved at the primary sequence level in eukaryotes. Histones H2A, H2B, and H1 all contain the histone fold domain (HFD). CENPA is most closely related to histone H3. The amino terminal tail of histone H3 is the location of most of its covalent modifications. Amino terminal ends of core histones are involved in internucleosome interactions.Which of the following statements concerning eukaryotic chromatin is true. Histones have an overall negative charge. Euchromatin is more condensed then heterochromatin. After replication nucleosomes are made up of a mixture of old and new histone proteins. Euchromatin is associated with the centromere and telomere regions. Heterochromatin are regions of active transcription.You have discovered a new species of plant. You isolate chromatin from the plant and examines it with the electron microscope and see characteristic beads on a string structure. After addition of a small amount of nuclease, which cleaves the string into individual beads that each contain 280 bp of DNA. With more digestion a 120-bp fragment of DNA remains attached to a core of histone protein. Analysis of the histone core reveals histones in the following proportions: H2A 33.3% H2B 33.3% H3 0% [no histone H3 found] H4 33.3% Based on these observations, what conclusions can you make about the probable structure of the nucleosome in the chromatin of this plant? Be specific in describing the nature of the nucleosome: which histones form the core (), how many of each are present () and size in bp of core-DNA that envelopes it ().
- Heterochromatin is often associated with the of histones. Acetylation Phosphorylation Ubiquitination MethylationHistone proteins contain tail amino acids that are positively charged. Which of the following characteristics of DNA would best support tight interactions between DNA and histones? O A. DNA 5' and 3' ends have negative charge responsible for stabilizing interactions with histones O B. the DNA backbone has a net negative charge that is attracted to the histones O .the minor groove in DNA fits around the spherical shape of the histones O D. the histone octamer is attracted to the deoxyribose in DNADiscuss the levels of chromosomal organization with reference to the following terms: a. nucleotide b. DNA double helix c. histones d. nucleosomes e. chromatin
- Hydrogen bonds are important in DNA replication and transcription. They are relatively weak chemical bonds. Why is this a desirable feature for DNA? Describe the effect (s) of changing (mutating) the promoter on the transcription of the DNA strand/gene the promoter controls. What happens to protein synthesis if a nonsense codon is inserted into the gene? Explain why a point mutation does not necessarily change the original amino acid sequence. (Explain silent mutations) Choose any pentapeptide composed of five different amino acids. List the amino acids. Present one messenger RNA codon for each amino acids and the sequence of nucleotides on the DNA that originally coded for your pentapeptide.Protein synthesis is a complicated process involving DNA being transcribed to RNA, which is then translated into amino acids. Complete the DNA-to-amino acid table for three consecutive codons with the appropriate nucleotides and amino acids using a codon table. Nucleotide and amino acid options can be used multiple times or not at all. 5' to 3' DNA strand 3' to 5' DNA strand transcribed mRNA tRNA anticodon amino acid arginine cysteine leucine T A U A T G A U arginine leucine A proline T A U Answer Bank A G G с с T T A A U glutamic acid U G C G с с glutamic acid G G G с с G C arginine C G с GEukaryotic Genetic Sequence: 5'-TAC CAT GAT CCC TAT - 3' 1. What would be the newly synthesized DNA strand and explain how the strand will be replicated. Where in the cell would this occur? 2. What would be the synthesized mRNA strand, and how is it transcribed from the original DNA strand, and then converted from a pre-mRNA strand to a mature mRNA? Where in the cell does this occur? 3. What would be the anti-codons for the tRNA. What are the amino acids generated based on the RNA. How are these amino acids translated into protein and where in the cell does this happen?