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- Explain the formation and importance of the electric double layer in the context of disperse systems.The lifetime of a water molecule in the first hydration shell of aqueous ions is ~10-12 s for Na+ ~10-9 s for Ca2+ ~ 1 s for Al 3+ For which of these ions do you think is feasible to use classical MD to estimate the mean residence time water molecules in the hydration shells?An adsorption study where RDB (Rhodamine B) molecule was adsorbed byZnCl2 liquid phase and was monitored in the range of 35oC to 60oC. Thecorresponding equilibrium constants are attached as image in a tabular form. Calculate the change of enthalpy and entropy of adsorption process.Assuming that the reaction is spontaneous.
- 5.42. For the reaction 2Na (g) = Na₂ (g) the following values of K have been determined (C. T. Ewing et al., J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 71, 473): T(K) 900 1000 1100 1200 K 1.32 0.47 0.21 0.10 From these data, estimate AxH for the reaction. (Hint: using the function of linear regression to solve the problem)Briefly explain three of the following concepts and methods. You may wish to use sketches or diagrams. (c) (i) The critical micelle concentration. Surface characterizations using low energy electron diffraction (LEED). (ii) (iii) Undercooling. (iv) Synthesis of polystyrene latex colloids. (v) The Eley-Rideal (ER) mechanism for heterogeneous catalysis. Please help me and show as much working as possibleExplain the importance of determining the partition coefficient during liquid-liquid extraction in food industry.
- In an investigation of the influence of experimental variables on detection limits in electrothermal AAS, Cabon and Bihan found several factors to be significant in the optimization of the method. List six of these factors, describe in detail the physical basis for each factor, and discuss why each isimportant.Under what conditions does the extended Debye-Huckel law, equation 8.52, become the Debye-Hckel limiting law?Naphthalene has a log Kow of 3.33. Estimate its soil-water partition coefficient normalized to organic carbon and the 95 percent confidence interval of your estimate.
- (a) In an investigation of the influence of experimental variables on detection limits in electrothermal AAS, Cabon and Bihan found several factors to be significant in the optimization of the method. List six of these factors, describe in detail the physical basis for each factor, and discuss why each is important. (b) These workers describe an a priori method for determining the limit of detection (LOD). Compare and contrast this method with the method described in Section 1E-2. How does this method improve on the method as defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in the ˝Orange Book˝? See http://www.iupac.org/publications/analytical_compendium/. Describe anydisadvantages of the method. (c) The investigations described by Cabon and Bihan treated the data using least-squares polynomial smoothing (see Section 5C-2) prior to determining the LOD. Describe precisely how the data weresmoothed. What experimental variable was optimized in the smoothing…(Q3) (a) Derive the Langmuir adsorption isotherm in terms of pressure of a diatomic molecule for the case in which the diatomic molecule, A2, dissociates upon adsorption to the surface.9. (a) Derive an expression for Langmuir adsorption isotherm for surface reactions with and without dissociation.