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- 2) Now you would like to raise antibodies to this protein of YFG. How could you use the pure protein to generate/identify….. a) a polyclonal antibody? b) a monoclonal antibody?You’re researching the effect of two drugs (Drug A and Drug B) on colon carcinoma cells in vitro. You begin by performing an assay to determine the effect of the drugs on cell viability and generate the data below in the graph below (A). With the aim of determining the mechanism of action of the drugs, you subsequently investigate levels of several key apoptotic proteins via SDS-PAGE and Western blot (B). To measure cytochrome C, you first separate the mitochondrial fragments from the cytosolic fragments and measure the levels of cytochrome C in each. You measure the remaining proteins using whole-cell lysates. B-Actin was included as a loading control. This data is represented on the right below. Part 1 Which drug is most likely inducing apoptosis? Explain your reasoning with referent to the cellular events that have taken place in response to the drugs, based on the data Part 2 Is it possible to determine from this data I the activation of apoptosis is occurring through the intrinsic…Regarding the production of monoclonal antibodies, it is CORRECT to state that: * A) Hybridomas are cells generated from the fusion of myeloma cells and cells from animals challenged with the antigen of interest that have the ability to produce antibodies and limited cell proliferation. B) All hybrid cells generated from the fusion of cells from the challenged animal and cells of the myeloma lineage will have the ability to produce antibodies reactive against the antigen of interest. C) The HAT selection medium contains aminopterin, which is an efficient inhibitor of the thymidine kinase metabolic pathway, thus eliminating myeloma cells that are not fused or fused with other cells of the same kind. D) The HAT selection medium contains hypoxanthine, which is an efficient inhibitor of the nucleotide synthesis salvage pathway, thus eliminating cells from the challenged animal that are not fused or fused with other identical cells. E) Hybridomas will produce antibodies with the…
- Regarding the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies, it is CORRECT to state that: * (JUST ONE STATEMENT IS CORRECT) (A) Chimeric and humanized antibodies differ in relation to the percentage of sequence of the constant chain of molecules from the human genome (B) Chimeric antibodies are industrially produced by joining purified protein fragments of the Fab fraction of murine antibodies and the constant portion of human antibodies. (C) When using cells dependent on the DHF amplification system, we must use a vector containing the coding information of the light and heavy chains and another vector that contains the coding sequence of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (D)The industrial purification of monoclonal antibodies should preferably use an initial step based on the use of affinity columns, which will bind the antibodies by the Fc fraction (E) The use of amplification systems such as GS and DHFR has as main objective to make the production of monoclonal antibodies…Explain why transplanting skin graft from the black mouse to white mouse results in rejection (A) Why (A) is it called a primary response?1) Briefly outline the location, isolation , characterisation, benefits, and limitations of adult stem cells in TERM 2) Describe and compare the various potencies exhibited by stem cell pheno type 3) Outline the in vitro/in vivo mechanical forces that can be used to influence the quality of cell response and tissue formation obtained by TE..
- What is germ-line knockout?Your group is a team of transplantation doctors who are treating a patient who received a kidney transplant. What is the biological basis for attempting to use Betalacept (soluble CTLA-4-Fc fusion protein) to prevent allograft rejection?Characterize the differences between tumor cells and normal cells in terms of the following properties. In cancer cells, how might each of these properties contribute to tumor progression? a) contact inhibition b) autocrine stimulation c) apoptosis d) senescence due to telomere shortening e) genomic stability f) angiogenises g) metastasis
- /20. In class, we discussed diffferent types of genetic change that can cause a normal gene (proto- oncogene) to become a cancer-causing gene (oncogene), Which of the following would not be a cause? A) translocation or transposition (movement of DNA within the same genome) B) gene ampliffication (increased number of copies of a given gene) C) epigenetic change D) point mutation that changes the gene's product E) loss of telomeres during DNA replication ancer?In relation to immunotechnology, answer the following: A- Answer the following in relation to Hybridoma technology: → What is the cancer cell line name used in hybridoma technology? → Give an example of murine Monocolonal Antibody produced by hybridoma technology? B- Give ONE main difference between: Murine MABs and fully human MABs? and explain the reason behind developing different forms of Monoclonal antibodies (chimeric MABs, humanized MABs, and fully human MABs) C- You are in an internship in one major Hospital, You were in rotation with a clinical pharmacist in oncology section and you came over a breast cancer patient. The personal doctor was making a quick visit to the patient to make sure the patient is following the therapeutic protocol and the treatment is running smoothly. The doctor wrote in the prescription sheet “Trastuzumab” to be dispensed by the In Patient Pharmacy, when the clinical pharmacist saw this he advised the doctor politely to use the…(a) Identify both the cellular component and the location of the component that is responsible for producing the luciferase protein from mRNAs transcribed in the plasmid-containing T lymphocytes. Explain what dictates to the lymphocytes the correct order in which amino acids should be linked to form the luciferase protein.