Consider the following Cournot model. • The inverse demand function is given by p = 30 –Q, where Q qi + q2. • Firm 1's marginal cost is $6 (c1 = 6). Firm 2 uses a new technology so that its marginal cost is $3 (c2 = 3). There is no fixed cost. • The two firms choose their quantities simultaneously and compete only once. (So it’s a one-shot simultaneous game.)
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- Consider a market with two firms, Kellogg and Post, that sell breakfast cereais. Both companies must choose whether to charge a high price ($5.00) or a low price ($3.00) for their cereals. These price strategies, with corresponding profits, are depicted in the payoff matrix to the right. Kellogg's profits are in red and Post's are in blue. What is the cooperative equilibrium for this game? Kelogg Price- $5.00 Price $3.00 OA The cooperative equilibrium is for Kelogg to choose a price of $3.00 and Post to choose a price of $5.00. OB. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg and Post to both choose a price of $3.00. OC. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg and Post to both choose a price of $5.00. OD. The cooperative equilibrium is for Kellogg to choose a price of $5.00 and Post to choose a price dk $3.00. OF Acooperative equilibrium does not exist for this game 00 Price= $5.00 1200 S000 $1.000 Post Is the cooperative equilibrium ikely to occur? $1.000 Price $3.00 450 The…Imagine two Pizzerias are playing a static game where the firms have to choose their strategies simultaneously, selecting a strategy that maximizes its profit given what it believes the other firm will do. Their decision is how many pizzas to produce. They can choose between producing 100, 150 or 200 pizzas each. The profit for respective firm is showed in the payoff matrix below. a) What is the solution (if there is one) and also describe the characteristic features of this game. b) If this game was played repeatedly, could that potentially change the outcome of the game? In your answer, you are expected to motivate and describe how.In a repeated game of Bertrand competition, suppose two firms are playing the grim trigger strategy. They discount future payoffs at B. A firm will play the monopoly price and earn 8 every period, so long as the other firm does the same. However, if a firm deviates from playing the monopoly price, the other firm plays the one-shot Bertrand outcome forever. Collusion is a Nash equilibrium if B is Select J [ Select) Space 1 options: less than or equal to, equal to, greater than or equal to Space 2 options: 0, 0.5, 1, 8, 16
- Two firms, X and Y, are involved in a price war. The demand equations for each firm are the following: Qx = 52 - 2Px + Py Qy = 52 - 2Py + Px Further, assume the cost of each unit of out is constant at $4. What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? (Use the best response functions in a graph to answer) There is no Nash equilibrium O $24 $20 $22Imagine that there are two snowboard manufacturers (FatSki and WideBoard) in the market. Each firm can either produce ten or twenty snowboards per day. The table below (see attached) shows the profit per snowboard for each firm that will result given the joint production decisions of these two firms. Draw the game payoff matrix for this situation. Does either player have a dominant strategy? If so, what is it? What is the Nash equilibrium solution and how many boards should each player produce each day? Since FatSki and WideBoard must play this game repeatedly (i.e. make production decisions every day), what strategy would you advise them to play in order to maximize their payoff over the long term?Two firms face decisions with two alternatives that can be modeled using Game Theory. For each of the situations described below, CIRCLE the ("Nash") equilibrium (or equilibria) for the "game" given the profit payouts (firm 1, firm 2) for the choices for the firms (or mark "None"). a. Sell One Medium-Size Item or Sell One Large Item and One Small Item Firm 1 Choices Firm 2 Choices Medium-Size Item Large and Small Items Medium-Size Item 31,27 25, 33 Large/Small Items 42,24 30,28 b. Use "9" Price Endings or Use "5" Price Endings Firm 2 Choices Use "9" Price Endings | Use "5" Price Endings Firm 1 Choices Use "9" Endings Use "5" Endings 45,28 42,30 c. Hire a Celebrity Endorser or Donate to Charity 27,25 25,28 Firm 2 Choices Firm 1 Choices Hire Celebrity Endorser Donate to Charity Celebrity Endorser 40, 29 30, 33 Donate to Charity 37,36 48, 32 d. Locate Downtown or Locate in Suburban Strip Mall Firm 2 Choices Firm 1 Choices Locate Downtown Locate in Strip Mall Locate Downtown 32,31 28, 34…
- O Cell A O Cell C O Cell E O Cell I None of the aboveSuppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Warmbreeze Pricing High Low Flashfry Pricing High 11, 11 2, 15 Low 15, 2 8, 8 For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $15 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a price, and if Warmbreeze prices low, Flashfry will make more profit if…Two firms produce Bliffs. They compete by simultaneously choosing prices in a single period. The demand for Bliffs is given by P(Q) = 100-2Q where Q is market quantity and P is market price. Firm 1 has costs C1(q1) = 20q1 and Firm 2 has costs C2(q2) = 10q2. Which statement is true? In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms play dominated strategies None of the other answers are correct O In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms play dominant strategies In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms slowly lower prices towards marginal costs O In the Nash equilibrium to the game, both firms set price equal to marginal cost
- Consider two ice cream sellers competing at a beach that is 1000 metres long. Ice cream prices are fixed by the ice cream company, but companies can choose their locations simultaneously. Customers are located uniformly (spread out evenly on the beach) and do not like walking. The cost of walking every metre is the same (i.e. linear cost). a) Suppose there are three ice cream sellers that locate simultaneously. Find the Nash equilibrium is there is one. Else, explain why there is none. (Focus on pure strategy Nash equilibria)Two firms, Tim Horbucks and Startons, consider enter the market for take-out coffee, or not. The profit each firm can make (in dollars) is indicated in the table below, where the fixed cost of producing is F dollars. What is the largest value of F below which the game has a UNIQUE Nash equilibrium in pure strategies? Startons Enter Not Enter Enter 400 - F, 400 - F 600 - F,0 Tim Horbucks Not Enter 0, 600 - F 0 ,0 Enter a positive number below, in dollars.Suppose that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell air fryers. The following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for fryers. Flashfry Pricing High Low For example, the lower-left cell shows that if Flashfry prices low and Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will earn a profit of $15 million, and Warmbreeze will earn a profit of $2 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Flashfry and Warmbreeze are both profit-maximizing firms. Warmbreeze Pricing High Low 9,9 2,15 15, 2 8,8 If Flashfry prices high, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. If Warmbreeze prices high, Flashfry will make more profit if it chooses a chooses a price. Considering all of the information given, pricing low True O False price, and if Flashfry prices low, Warmbreeze will make more profit if it price, and if Warmbreeze…