Consider this graph of the payoffs from the game with Bill and Ted in Activity #1 of Session 4B. Ted's payoff 8 7 6 s 4 3 2 1 OT 0 .c B D 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bill's payoff [If the image above doesn't appear click here to open it in a new tab.] Which of these points are Pareto efficient?
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- 3. Anthony loves going to the opera while Becky loves watching football. The following diagram shows the payoffs for their choice of activity. For example, if Anthony chooses opera and Becky chooses football, then the activities are valued at £10 to Anthony and £20 to Becky, respectively. Assume that they can only choose one activity each. Based on this information, determine whether each of the following statements is true or false. Becky Opera Football Opera 80, 10 0,0 Football 10, 20 20, 40 Anthony (a) There are two Nash equilibria: (Opera, Opera) and (Football, Football). (b) If Anthony announces that he will choose Opera and sticks to it, then (Opera, Opera) will be chosen. (c) If Anthony offers £20 to Becky for coming to the opera with him, then (Opera, Opera) may be chosen. (d) If Anthony offers £50 to Becky for coming to the opera with him, then (Opera, Opera) will definitely be chosen.Economics 4. Suppose you are going to play a game with four other people in our class. The rule of the game is that: each of them will choose a number between and 100 (including 0 and 100). The winner of the game is the one whose chosen number is the closest to [20+* average of everyone's chosen number]. The winner can get $100 form Josie. Everyone choosing 20 is a Nash Equilibrium. (a) True (b) False please explain it in detail.Game Theory Question A non-profit firm is on a local community online donation platform for a community event it wants to hold (only community members can donate via the website). The event will be held only if the non-profit firm collects $20,000 total from members of the community. Each member values the event at $500. Suppose that there are 100 community members. Community members can only donate by purchasing a lottery ticket from the firm. Each ticket costs $200 and only one ticket can be purchased per member. The proceeds will be collected by the firm. The lottery winner gets a premier meal at a local restaurant that's worth $100. Remember, the firm keeps all the donated money. If the amount of donations is less than $20,000, then the firm returns the donated money to the community members (since there'll be no event held but the lottery winner still gets to eat that fancy meal). If the donations sum up to $20,000, the community event will take place. What are the Nash…
- 10. Game theory**Practice*** Amy and Bob are playing the following board game:(I) Amy starts. She has three possible actions: Pass, Attack, or Defend.(II) Bob observes what Amy chose, and then chooses between three actions with the same names: Pass, Attack, or Defend.(III) If either player passes, or one attacks and the other defends, then the game ends. But if either both players attack, or if both players defend, then Amy has to choose between two actions: Respond or Not Respond. The payoffs are as follows:- If both players pass, both players get a payoff of 0.- If a player attacks and the other player defends, the player that attacks gets a payoff of 1, while the player that defended gets a payoff of 2.- If a player passes but the other player attacks or defends, the player who passes gets a payoff of -1, and the player who attacked or defended gets a payoff of 3.- If both players attack or both players defend:– If Amy responds, she gets a payoff of 4, and Bob gets a payoff of 0.– If Amy does…1. We can use game theory to model everyday interactions. Consider a game that you're well familiar with: The choice of which side of a hallway to select if someone is coming from the other direction and has not yet made their own selection clear. How many Nash equilibria are in this game? Remember, an outcome is a Nash equilibrium if nobody has a profitable unilateral deviation; if no one has reason to be the only one to change what they're doing. 2. Consider following scenario which we can think of as a game played between two oligopoly firms, Timmer's snow removal & Jack's snow removal services. It costs Timmer $200 per customer per year. It costs Jack's $225 per customer per year. If the firms compete by strategically setting prices, what Nash equilibrium price do we expect? Explain. Remember, an outcome is a Nash equilibrium if nobody has a profitable unilateral deviation; if no one has reason to be the only one to change what they're doing.
- Exercise 4.1 Amy and Bill simultaneously write a bid on a piece of paper. The bid can only be either 2 or 3. A referee then looks at the bids, announces the amount of the lowest bid (without revealing who submitted it) and invites Amy to either pass or double her initial bid. - The outcome is determined by comparing Amy's final bid to Bill's bid: if one is greater than the other then the higher bidder gets the object and pays his/her own bid; if they are equal then Bill gets the object and pays his bid. Represent this situation by means of two alternative extensive frames. Note: (1) when there are simultaneous moves we have a choice as to which player we select as moving first: the important thing is that the second player does not know what the first player did; (2) when representing, by means of information sets, what a player is uncertain about, we typically assume that a player is smart enough to deduce relevant information, even if that information is not explicitly given to…1. Solve the game with backward induction. What will be Alex optimal behavior?N=2 video broadcasting websites, You and Twi, must decide the number of minutes of ads to be displayed for every video that the user elects to watch. Let tY be the number of ad-minutes per video set by You, and tT the number of ad-minutes per video set by Twi. Streaming one video costs You cY=0.02, while it costs Twi cT=0.03. There are 100 million potential users, and each watches videos according to the following demand curves: qY((tY,tT) =10-2tY+tT=10-2tT+tY a- What is the cross-price elasticity between You and Twi? b- Suppose, for now, that You and Twi enter an (illegal) agreement by which they set tY=tT=t Derive the total number of users in the market as a function of t. Derive the profits for each website as a function of t. c- Now let the two platforms compete by each setting their number of ad-minutes: i. What is the best reply of You? What is the best reply of Twi? ii. Find the Nash Equilibrium of the game. iii. How many total users choose You and how many total users choose…
- Please help awnser 7. Game TheoryAlice and Bob playing the following 2x3 game. In the payoff matrix below, Alice’s payoffsare the first number and Bob’s are the second number.Suppose players A and B play a discrete ultimatum game where A proposes to split a $5 surplus and B responds by either accepting the offer or rejecting it. The offer can only be made in $1 increments. If the offer is accepted, the players' payoffs resemble the terms of the offer while if the offer is rejected, both players get zero. Also assume that players always use the strategy that all strictly positive offers are accepted, but an offer of $0 is rejected. A. What is the solution to the game in terms of player strategies and payoffs? Explain or demonstrate your answer. B. Suppose the ultimatum game is played twice if player B rejects A's initial offer. If so, then B is allowed to make a counter offer to split the $5, and if A rejects, both players get zero dollars at the end of the second round. What is the solution to this bargaining game in terms of player strategies and payoffs? Explain/demonstrate your answer. C. Suppose the ultimatum game is played twice as in (B) but now there…Two roommates John and Joe are playing a simultaneous game of cleaning the apartment. If neither of them clean, the apartment gets filthy and both get a utility of 2. If John cleans and Joe doesn’t, John gets a utility of 1 and Joe gets a utility of 4. If Joe cleans and John doesn’t, Joe gets a utility of 1 and John gets a utility of 4 and if both clean up the apartment, they each get a utility of 3.What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? Group of answer choices Joe cleans, John doesn’t John cleans, Joe doesn’t Both of them clean the apartment Neither of them clean the apartment